The strategies for preparing blue perovskite light-emitting diodes

Metal halide perovskites have attracted tremendous interest due to their excellent optical and electrical properties,and they find many promising applications in the optoelectronic fields of solar cells,light-emitting diodes,and photodetectors.Thanks to the contributions of international researchers,significant progress has been made for perovskite light-emitting diodes(Pero-LEDs).The external quantum efficiencies(EQEs)of Pero-LEDs with emission of green,red,and near-infrared have all exceeded 20%.However,the blue Pero-LEDs still lag due to the poor film quality and deficient device structure.Herein,we summarize the strategies for preparing blue-emitting perovskites and categorize them into two:compositional engineering and size controlling of the emitting units.The advantages and disadvantages of both strategies are discussed,and a perspective of preparing high-performance blue-emitting perovskite is proposed.The challenges and future directions of blue PeroLEDs fabrication are also discussed.

Use of Agent Purple, Agent Orange and Agent Blue on Royal Thai Air Force Base Perimeters in Thailand during the Vietnam War

Seven Royal Thai Air Force bases in Thailand were used by the United States Air Force (USAF) during the Vietnam War as staging hubs for operations in Laos and Cambodia. Five bases in Thailand, including Nakhon Phanom (NKP), Ubon, Korat, U-Tapao and Udorn endured sniper fire interdiction, perimeter penetration, and sapper (combat engineer) attacks. Nam Phong, an eighth Royal Thai Air Force base was used by the United States Marine Corps air operations starting in 1972. US Military personnel stationed throughout Thailand were also attacked by Communists insurgents. Two herbicides, Agent Purple and Agent Orange containing 2, 4, 5-T contaminated with dioxin (TCDD—2, 3, 7, 8 tetrachlorodibenzodioxin) and a third herbicide, the arsenic-based Agent Blue, were routinely received at these Thailand airbases in support of air missions and to keep airbases and perimeter fences clear of vegetation. Udorn Royal Thai Air Force (RTAF) base, established in the 1950s was consistently a target of enemy attacks during this period. The Thai government allowed the United States to use five bases, covertly, and two other Thai bases, openly, due to concerns that the civil war inside Laos might spread into Thailand. The US Air Force began, in 1961, to provide the air defense of Thailand and to fly reconnaissance flights over Laos. Under the United States and Thailand’s “gentleman’s agreement”, the bases used by the USAF were considered RTAF bases under the command of Thai officers. The USAF at Udorn was under the command of the United States Pacific Air Forces (PACAF) Thirteenth Air Force and was used to temporarily store and distribute Agent Purple, Agent Orange and Agent Blue to Laos’s airfields for spraying of the Ho Chi Minh Trail. Thai air police controlled access to the bases using sentry dogs, observation towers, and machine gun emplacements. The USAF Security police assisted the Thai air police in base defense. In this study, we document the use of Agent Orange, Agent Purple and Agent Blue on Royal Thai Air Force base perimeters and grounds during the Vietnam War, potential active-duty service personnel exposure to these toxic herbicides and health impacts of the contaminant dioxin TCDD and arsenic on U.S. Vietnam Era Veterans and Vietnam Veterans. This documentation is important evidence in the “assumption of exposure” for health claims to the US Veterans Administration (VA) by veterans that served in Thailand between 1962 and 1976.

Fine-tuning the thicknesses of organic layers to realize high-efficiency and long-lifetime blue organic light-emitting diodes

By using p-bis（p - N, N-diphenyl-aminostyryl）benzene doped 2-tert-butyl-9, 10-bis-β-naphthyl）-anthracene as an emitting layer, we fabricate a high-efficiency and long-lifetime blue organic light emitting diode with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 6.19% and a stable lifetime at a high initial current density of 0.0375 A/cm2. We demonstrate that the change in the thicknesses of organic layers affects the operating voltage and luminous efficiency greater than the lifetime. The lifetime being independent of thickness is beneficial in achieving high-quality full-colour display devices and white lighting sources with multi-emitters.

Pure blue and white light electroluminescence in a multilayer organic light-emitting diode using a new blue emitter

We characterized the 6,12-bis{[N-（3,4-dimethylphenyl）-N-（2,4,5-trimethylphenyl）]amino} chrysene （BmPAC）, which has been proven to be a blue fluorescent emission with high EL efficiency. The blue fluorescent device exhibits good performance with an external quantum efficiency of 5.8% and current efficiency of 8.9 cd/A, respectively. Using BmPAC, we also demonstrate a hybrid phosphorescence/fluorescence white organic light-emitting device （WOLED） with high efficiency of 36.3 cd/A. In order to improve the relative intensity of blue light, we plus a blue light-emitting layer （BEML） in front of the orange light emitting layer （YEML） to take advantage of the excess singlet excitons. With the new emitting layer of BEML/YEML/BEML, we demonstrate the fluorescence/phosphorescence/fluorescence WOLED exhibits good performance with a current efficiency of 47 cd/A and an enhanced relative intensity of blue light.

High color rendering index white organic light-emitting diode using levofloxacin as blue emitter

Levofloxacin （LOFX）, which is well-known as an antibiotic medicament, was shown to be useful as a 452-nm blue emitter for white organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs）. In this paper, the fabricated white OLED contains a 452-nm blue emitting layer （thickness of 30 nm） with 1 wt% LOFX doped in CBP （4,4＇-bis（carbazol-9-yl）biphenyl） host and a 584-nm orange emitting layer （thickness of 10 nm） with 0.8 wt% DCJTB （4-（dicyanomethylene）-2-tert-butyl-6-（1,1,7,7- tetramethyljulolidin-4-yl-vinyl）-4H-pyran） doped in CBE which are separated by a 20-nm-thick buffer layer of TPBi （2,2＇,2＂-（benzene-1,3,5-triyl）-tri（1-phenyl-lH-benzimidazole）. A high color rendering index （CRI） of 84.5 and CIE chromaticity coordinates of （0.33, 0.32）, which is close to ideal white emission CIE （0.333, 0.333）, are obtained at a bias voltage of 14 V. Taking into account that LOFX is less expensive and the synthesis and purification technologies of LOFX are mature, these results indicate that blue fluorescence emitting LOFX is useful for applications to white OLEDs although the maximum current efficiency and luminance are not high. The present paper is expected to become a milestone to using medical drug materials for OLEDs.

Agent Blue: A Secret Military and Environmental Chemical Weapon Used for Food Denial in South Vietnam during the Vietnam Civil War (1962-1965)

During the last 60 years, the southern Vietnam environment and Vietnamese living in the Mekong Delta have bio-accumulated arsenic from natural and anthropic (Vietnam Civil War (1962-1965)) sources via their drinking water (groundwater from tube wells) and food supply leading to an increasing risk of chronic poisoning over time. A synthesis and analysis of publications and records is presented to document the Republic of Vietnam (RV), the official name of the South Vietnam Government, and United States (US) militaries contribution to arsenic levels and toxic spikes in the Vietnam Mekong Delta groundwater. During the Vietnam Civil War, Agent Blue, in powder form, was shipped to Port Saigon, via the Saigon River, and transported to the Tan Son Nhut Air Force base during the Vietnam Civil War. After the official start of the American-Vietnam War (1965-1973) the tactical herbicides were re-routed to Bien Hoa Air Force base (1965 to 1971). Approximately 3.2 million liters of Agent Blue (468,008 kg As) was sprayed or dumped by the RV military with the assistance and support of the Central Intelligence (CIA), US Army and US Navy, during the 1962-1965 Khai Huang (Hamlet) Program. A portion of an additional 4.6 million liters of Agent Blue (664,392 kg of As) was sprayed between 1962 and 1965 by the US Air Force as part of Operation Ranch Hand and prior to the official start of the American-Vietnam War in August 1964. Operation Rand Hand began in 1962 and ended in 1971. The Institute of Medicine estimated a total of 7.8 million liters (1,132,400 kg As) of Agent Blue was applied to southern Vietnam landscape from 1962 to 1971. This total includes both the 1962 to 1965 RV Khai Huang program with the assistance of the CIA, US Army and US Navy, and the total Agent Blue applied by US Air Force Operation Ranch Hand from 1962 to 1971. The primary objective of this study was to document how Agent Blue, the arsenic-based herbicide, became a secret US military and environmental chemical weapon used by the RV and US militaries in southern Vietnam during the Vietnam Civil War years (1962-1965). This assessment found that the anthropic arsenic, including Agent Blue, added a toxic burden to the Mekong Delta soils, surface water, groundwater, drinking water, food supply, and human health. However, there are missing details regarding political decisions and a full accounting of the geographic locations sprayed and amount of Agent Blue used. Vietnam War Archives have paper correspondence and RV herbicide spray records that shed greater light on this period. These records are over 50 years old and need to be electronically scanned, stored, and made available for additional historical analyses.

Developments and challenges ahead in blue perovskite light-emitting devices

Recently,perovskite light-emitting diodes(Pe LEDs)have developed rapidly in the green,red,and nearinfrared light emissions,owing to the unique optoelectronic characteristics of halide perovskites,such as high carrier mobility,narrow emission linewidths,high photoluminescence quantum yield,as well as bandgap tunability.However,the efficiency improvement in blue(especially deep-blue)Pe LEDs is still inferior to other analogs,which severely restricts the Pe LED applications.Here,we systematically summarize the substantial progress in the performance of blue Pe LEDs based on different blue perovskite candidates,and recent advances from three aspects(i.e.,the sky-blue,pure-blue,and deep-blue light emissions).Then,we point out several challenges existing in deep-blue Pe LEDs,such as the effect of Cl-ions incorporation,spectral instability,ion migration,and the difficulty of charge injection,and highlight the strategies to improve device efficiency,to motivate further research and development of blue Pe LEDs.

Efficiency of Blue Organic Light-emitting Diodes Enhanced by Employing an Exciton Feedback Layer

We report that a novel exciton feedback effect is observed by introducing the bis（2-methyl-8-quinolinolato）（4- phenylphenolato）Muminum （BAlq） inserted between the emitting layer （EML） and the electron transporting layer in blue organic light emitting diodes. As an exciton feedback layer （EFL）, the BAlq does not act as a traditional hole blocking effect. The design of this kind of device structure can greatly reduce excitons＇ quenching due to accumulated space charge at the exciton formation interface. Meanwhile, the non-radiative energy transfer from EFL to the EML can also be utilized to enhance the excitons＇ formation, which is confirmed by the test of photolumimescent transient lifetime decay and electroluminescence enhancement of these devices. Accordingly, the optimal device presents the improved performances with the maximum current efficiency of 4.2 cd/A and the luminance of 24600cd/m2, which are about 1.45 times and 1.75 times higher than those of device A （control device） without the EFL, respectively. Simultaneously, the device shows an excellent color stability with a tiny offset of the CIE coordinates （△x = ±0.003, △y = ±0.004） and a relatively lower efficiency roll-off of 26.2% under the driving voltage varying from 3 V to 10 V.

A Method to Obtain Auger Recombination Coefficient in an InGaN-Based Blue Light-Emitting Diode

We propose and demonstrate to derive the Auger recombination coefficient by fitting efficiency-current and carrier lifetime-current curves simultaneously, which can minimize the uncertainty of fitting results. The obtained Auger recombination coefficient is 1.0x10(-31) cm(6)s(-1) in the present sample, which contributes slightly to efficiency droop effect.

Agent Blue Spraying in the Mekong Delta during the Vietnam War: Fate of the Arsenic Based Herbicide Weapon Used to Destroy Rice Crop and Mangrove Forests

Agent Blue, a mixture of cacodylic acid (CH3) As O2H) and sodium cacodylate (C2H6 AsNaO2), was a tactical arsenic-based herbicide used during the Vietnam War to destroy grasses and rice crops. Natural and synthetic sources of arsenic can degrade into water-soluble forms and persist in groundwater and potentially contribute to elevating As levels in drinking water. The United States Department of Defense (DOD) and United States Department of Agricultural (USDA) Operation Ranch Hand records for tactical herbicides including Agent Blue sprayed in southern Vietnam during the Vietnam War (1961-1971) are very detailed, rather complete and publicly available. The same is not true for tactical herbicides sprayed by the Republic of Vietnam (RV) during the Khai Quang program which was supported by the U.S. Army, U.S. Navy and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in the Mekong Delta. Agent Blue was sprayed by the RV military for three years before the official start of the American-Vietnam War. Few, if any, RV military, US Army, US Navy and CIA spray records exist from 1962 to 1965. Vietnam War veterans, historians and scholars have reported the spraying of 3.2 million liters (468,008 kg As) of Agent Blue on rice paddies and mangrove forests in the Mekong Delta and Central Highlands by the RV military with the support of the US Army, US Navy and CIA. The Institute of Medicine estimated that 3.2 million liters (468,000 kg As) were sprayed during the RV Khai Quang program. This was in addition to the U.S. Air Force’s Operation Ranch Hand spraying of the tactical herbicide Agent Blue primarily by C-123 aircraft. The Operation Ranch Hand missions maintained location and quantities of herbicides sprayed (over 4,712,000 liters (664,392 kg As) from 1961-1971. The RV military and US military (Army and Navy) spray equipment included hand and backpack sprayers, sprayers mounted on Brown Water Navy boats, on Army track vehicles and Army land-based helicopters and helicopters based on the decks of Blue Water Navy ships. Some of these spray missions were a military secret and spray records were classified or if kept were not maintained. Agent Blue containing cacodylic acid had a short half-life and degraded to water-soluble arsenic, which was released into the surface water and/or leached into the groundwater. Once the water-soluble arsenic leached into the Vietnam Mekong Delta groundwater, the arsenic-rich water was pumped back to the surface by tens of thousands of tube wells for urban and agricultural use. The primary objectives of this research are to explore the conditions during the Vietnam War under which 1) the RV military herbicide spray program with the support of the US Navy, CIA and US Army, and 2) the US Air Force spray program during Operation Ranch Hand may have significantly contributed to the natural and anthropic As spikes found in the Mekong Delta today. The environmental impacts of Agent Blue, on the Menominee River at manufacturing sites in the United States, were studied to identify possible As remediation and mitigation strategies. The lessons previously learned at the manufacturing sites in Wisconsin and Michigan, United States can be considered and applied to the Mekong Delta to help mitigate and remediate the arsenic-rich surface water, soil, sediment and groundwater found in the Mekong Delta.

Luminescent Enhancement of Heterostructure Organic Light-Emitting Devices Based on Aluminum Quinolines

High performance organic light-emitting devices （OLEDs） have been investigated by using fluorescent bis （2-methyl-8-quinolinolato）（para-phenylphenolato）aluminum（BAlq） as an emissive layer on the performance of multicolor devices consisting of N, N＇-bis-（1-naphthyl）-N,N＇diphenyl- 1,1＇-biphenyl-4,4＇- diamine （NPB） as hole transport layer. The results show that the performance of heterostructure blue light-emitting device composed of 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum （Alq3） as an electron transport layer has been dramatically enhanced. In the case of high performance heterostructure devices, the electroluminescent spectra has been perceived to vary strongly with the thickness of the organic layers due to the different recombination region, which indicates that various color devices composed of identical components could be implemented by changing the film thickness of different functional layers.

马尾松木材防霉防蓝变研究进展

马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)是我国南方分布最广,最主要的用材树种之一,生长速度快、适应能力强、木材力学性能好,被广泛应用于建筑、造纸、装饰、家具、交通等行业。然而,由于其内部含有许多营养物质,易受到霉菌和蓝变菌的侵害。本文重点对国内外传统和新型的马尾松木材防霉防蓝变药剂和处理方法进行了阐述,同时对存在的问题进行了分析,并对研究方向进行了展望,旨在为今后开发新型防霉防蓝变药剂和方法提供理论支持。

硫转移剂应用与改善催化裂化烟气蓝烟拖尾情况总结

中国石油天然气股份有限公司兰州石化分公司1.2 Mt/a重油催化裂化装置因原料性质变化导致再生烟气中SO_(x)含量上升,外排烟气蓝烟拖尾现象愈发严重。为改善烟羽外观、避免外排废水TDS(溶解性固体总量)超标并降低湿法脱硫塔操作负荷,开展了运用增强型RFS09硫转移剂并优化装置操作、消除外排烟气蓝烟拖尾的工业试验。结果表明:当原料硫质量分数为0.4%~0.7%、硫转移剂藏量占系统藏量的3.5%时,蓝烟拖尾现象得以控制,脱硫塔入口烟气SO_(2)的质量浓度稳定控制在500 mg/m^(3)以下、碱液消耗量降低48.5%、外排废水TDS由41400 mg/L降至6400 mg/L,废水COD(化学需氧量)减小,烟气中的硫大幅向气体产品中转移。增强型RFS09硫转移剂的应用对产物分布、产品性质和装置运行均无负面影响。该工业试验也进一步表明:增强型RFS09硫转移剂能很好地实现催化裂化再生烟气污染物源头减排,并减少二次污染。

普鲁士蓝类钠离子正极材料的制备及改性研究进展

普鲁士蓝类似物(PBAs)具有较高理论比容量和开放式三维框架结构,被认为是最具应用前景的钠离子正极材料之一。然而,大部分通过水溶液反应合成的PBAs,普遍存在[Fe(CN)_(6)]_(3)-/[Fe(CN)_(6)]^(4-)空位,水分子不可避免进入PBAs框架中形成配位水,占据了原本Na+的容纳点位,影响了Na+的正常传输,降低了PBAs材料的比容量。PBAs晶体框架受空位影响,其离子导电性和循环稳定性在长时间循环下退化并变差,同时配位水与电解液发生副反应,进一步降低了电池的电化学性能。为解决上述问题,提高钠离子电池中PBAs基正极的比容量、循环稳定性、倍率性能和整体能量密度,重点介绍了PBAs正极材料的制备及改性方法,并总结了各制备及改性方法的特点及效果。PBAs的制备方法包括水热法、共沉淀法和单一铁源自分解法。改性方法包括制备工艺优化和材料复合改性,其中制备工艺优化包括螯合剂、脱水、提高前驱液Na+浓度和结构纳米化,材料复合改性包括元素掺杂、表面涂层、异质结构和复合材料。研究表明,在富含Na+的前驱液中,采用螯合剂辅助共沉淀法,通过合成过程的水浴加热及样品制备后的真空干燥,可获得空位少、水分少的高结晶度PBAs。将制备的PBAs样品与导电剂进行复合,可进一步改善其电子导电率及倍率性能,有望获得高容量、高循环特性及满足高倍率需求的正极材料。综上所述,PBAs作为钠离子正极材料,可通过对其合成方法和改性研究的不断创新,进一步优化其电化学性能,使其在未来具有广阔的应用前景。

Review and Analysis: Evaluation of the Impacts and Consequences of Using Agricultural Herbicides as Military Chemical Weapons in Second Indochina War

The legacy of the human misery caused by the application of the herbicides including Agent Purple and Agent Orange contaminated with unknown amounts of dioxin TCDD and Agent Blue, the arsenic-based herbicide, sprayed over the jungles, rice fields, and hamlets of Vietnam is still haunting us today. Why did this happen? Could it have been prevented? Was it necessary United States military strategy? Was it an intentional decision to inflict this blight on the enemy soldiers and the Vietnamese, Cambodian, and Laotian civilians, to poison their land and cause generations of harm? Alternatively, was it an unpreventable accident in the march of military history? What patterns in the U.S. government’s thought process could be identified as the cause, which led to the decision to use these herbicides as tactical chemical weapons? If the introduction of herbicide (chemical) weapons had not been made, would the outcome of the Vietnam War and the Secret Wars in Laos and Cambodia have been any different? The objective of this treatise is to outline the role of world events and backgrounds and the role of the leaders, U.S. military, CIA, USDA, U.S. State Department, the U.S. President appointed Ambassadors to Vietnam and Laos, chemical companies, and President Diệm’s Republic of Vietnam (RVN) government and military. Their collective advice led to the decision to use herbicides as military and environmental chemical weapons in the Second Indochina War. Were the National interests achieved by U.S. military strategy in the RVN using herbicide weapons worth the long-term environmental and human health consequences in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos? Did it impact the outcome of the Second Indochina War?

巯基化多孔二氧化硅的制备及其亚甲基蓝吸附性能

以氨水为催化剂,正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)为前驱体,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为致孔剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备多孔二氧化硅,并使用γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH590)对其进行改性,对改性前后的多孔二氧化硅进行表征和亚甲基蓝吸附性能测试。结果表明,所制备的多孔二氧化硅粒径均在40~80 nm,孔径在2.25~4.39 nm之间,具有较大的比表面积,最大为379.4m^(2)/g,且分散性良好。红外光谱分析表明KH590成功对多孔二氧化硅进行了改性,改性后的多孔二氧化硅疏水性能提高。相较于未改性的多孔二氧化硅,KH590改性后的多孔二氧化硅对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能更好。

Highly spectra-stable pure blue perovskite light-emitting diodes based on copper and potassium co-doped quantum dots

Halide perovskite light emitting diodes(LEDs)have gained great progress in recent years.However,mixed-halide perovskites for blue LEDs usually suffer from electroluminescence(EL)spectra shift at a high applied voltage or current density,limiting their efficiency.In this work,we report a strategy of using single-layer perovskite quantum dots(QDs)film to tackle the electroluminescence spectra shift in pure-blue perovskite LEDs and improve the LED efficiency by co-doping copper and potassium in the mixed-halide perovskite QDs.As a result,we obtained pure-blue halide perovskite QD-LEDs with stable EL spectra centred at 469 nm even at a current density of 1,617 mA·cm^(−2).The optimal device presents a maximum external quantum efficiency(EQE)of 2.0%.The average maximum EQE and luminance of the LEDs are 1.49%and 393 cd·m^(−2),increasing 62%and 66%compared with the control LEDs.Our study provides an effective strategy for achieving spectra-stable and highly efficient pure-blue perovskite LEDs.

基于移动AGENT的敏捷车间调度控制系统建模

该文针对job—shop型车间的生产调度控制,提出了一种新的车间分布式动态控制系统。该系统利用多代理技术,把工件和制造设备等映射为一个个的代理;应用蓝牙无线通信技术和嵌入式微控制器技术研制成智能芯片,安装在工件和设备上,实现通信和智能代理功能;应用多代理技术实现车间分布式智能控制网络,达到车间系统的信息集成和分布式控制;应用遗传算法进行管理代理的快速决策。实践证明,本系统对于车间任务的动态变化和部分设备故障状态变化具有很好的适应能力。

应用AlamarBlue和MTT法测定抗结核药物最低抑菌浓度的研究

目的建立并评价微孔板AlamarBlue和MTT分析法用于抗结核分枝杆菌药物最低抑菌浓度（MlC）的测定。方法应用AlamarB1ue和MTr显色法将12种抗结核药物对结核分枝杆菌H37Rv‰的最低抑菌浓度分别进行测定，并与传统的试管二倍稀释法进行比较。结果AlamarBlue和MTr试验分别在6天和8天报告结果，Alamarblue法与试管法相比较，完全符合率是91．7％（11/12）：MTT法与试管法相比较完全符合率是75％（9／12），具有较好的一致性。结论AlamarBlue和MTT方法测定药物对结核分枝杆菌的MIC具有快速、操作简便等特点，适用于新抗结核化合物的大量快速筛选。

斑马鱼肌肉坏死模型的伊文思蓝活体成像:一种新的研究坏死亲和性对比剂的平台

目的探讨制作斑马鱼肌肉坏死模型的可行性,并应用此模型进行伊文思蓝(EBD)活体成像以研究其坏死亲和特性。方法采用显微注射泵注射10 nL无水酒精于3~7 d斑马鱼幼鱼卵黄囊背部肌肉处以制作斑马鱼肌肉坏死模型。肌肉坏死模型组和对照组于心脏大静脉处注射0.1%EBD 5 nL后0、4、24、48 h行荧光及激光共聚焦显微镜拍摄,动态观察两组斑马鱼体内EBD的分布情况,定量分析肌肉坏死区域和正常肌纤维区域EBD的荧光强度、范围及比值。结果斑马鱼肌肉坏死模型的制作成功率高。荧光及激光共聚焦显微镜显示,肌肉受损区域有大量EBD的红色荧光积聚,同明场下肌肉受损区域相一致;动态观察发现,随时间推移,红色荧光强度逐渐增强,于24 h达到峰值后逐渐减退;肌肉坏死区域同正常肌纤维区域之间荧光强度的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),4 h和24 h时荧光强度差异最明显,分别为58.30±5.14、17.36±1.16和54.20±4.25、15.96±0.79。不同时间点的坏死亲和性比率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论无水酒精诱导的斑马鱼肌肉坏死模型制作简捷经济,可作为一种新的研究坏死亲和性物质的实验平台。本研究初步证实EBD可选择性积聚于肌肉坏死区域,是一种潜在的坏死亲和性对比剂。