Simulation of aerodynamic performance affected by vortex generators on blunt trailing-edge airfoils

An investigation was carried out by numerical simulation on a wind turbine airfoil and a blunt trailing-edge airfoil with and without vortex generators (VGs), and the performance of the airfoils was analyzed. By the simulation of airfoil DU 91-W2-250 it was verified that the numerical method and model were credible. Based on this airfoil, a new one with a blunt trailing edge of 6% chord was blended by symmetrically adding thickness, and its characteristics curves were obtained through computing at key angles of attack. Additionally, the pressure distribution on blended airfoil was analyzed by comparing to the airfoil without blend. The interaction of streamwise vortices induced by VGs with trailing vortex or separation vortex was considered, followed by the uncovery of how VGs can suppress the boundary layer separation.

考虑粗糙度敏感位置的钝尾缘翼型气动性能研究

针对考虑粗糙度敏感位置的风力机翼型钝尾缘改型前后的气动性能进行研究,揭示钝尾缘改型对表面粗糙翼型增升效果的影响规律。基于k-ωSST湍流模型,计算表面光滑与粗糙的S822翼型的升、阻力系数,并与试验结果进行比较;采用坐标旋转变换与缩放横纵坐标系数相结合的方法,建立钝尾缘改型型线数学表达式,分析对称钝尾缘改型増升效果得到S822翼型的最佳尾缘厚度;研究吸力面和压力面布置粗糙度时翼型的气动性能,获得上、下翼面的粗糙度敏感位置;对具有粗糙度敏感位置的翼型按最佳尾缘厚度进行钝尾缘改型,计算改型前后翼型的升、阻力系数和升阻比,并分析尖、钝尾缘翼型的粗糙度敏感性。结果表明:翼型进行钝尾缘改型的最佳尾缘厚度为2%弦长;吸力面和压力面的粗糙度敏感位置分别为距前缘1%弦长和5%弦长处;钝尾缘改型使升力系数和最大升阻比均明显升高,显著改善了表面粗糙翼型的气动性能,且尖、钝尾缘翼型的粗糙度敏感性综合指标值为10.68%和8.15%,降低了翼型对粗糙度位置的敏感性。研究结论可为表面粗糙风力机叶片翼型的设计和优化提供指导。

叶片表面粗糙条件下钝尾缘翼型优化设计

利用粒子群算法结合XFOIL软件,进行了钝尾缘翼型型线优化设计。平移优化后,在翼型吸力面距前缘0.1c(c为弦长)处添加一高0.015c、宽0.04c的凸台,得到表面粗糙钝尾缘改型,并数值研究其升阻力系数、升阻比、压力系数和流场特性。结果表明:粗糙S812翼型钝尾缘优化后,尾缘厚度为0.039 8c,尾缘厚度在上下翼面的分配比为1∶13.16;升力系数在计算攻角范围内显著增大,升阻比在17.2°攻角之前显著增大,最大升阻比增大明显;钝尾缘处的漩涡对吸力面的气流造成下洗作用。

相对弯度对钝尾缘改型提升翼型气动性能的影响

研究不同弯度的风力机专用翼型修改前后的气动性能,揭示相对弯度对钝尾缘改型增升效果的影响规律。利用XFOIL软件,对低速翼型S809、S823和S830进行尾缘厚度对称分布的钝尾缘改型。采用S-A和k-ωSST湍流模型模拟翼型原型的气动性能,并用实验数据比较两模型的计算精度。进而基于精度较高的k-ωSST湍流模型,计算了修改后翼型的升、阻力系数、升阻比和三者增幅,以及翼型表面压力系数分布。结果表明:对低速翼型进行钝尾缘改型时,随相对弯度增大,升力系数增幅在一定攻角范围内先增大后减小,升阻比增幅在一定攻角之前呈递增趋势;相对弯度约为2.5%弦长的翼型增升效果最佳,且大弯度翼型不适合钝尾缘改型。