BACKGROUND Adult-onset Still's disease(AOSD)is a rare autoinflammatory disease charac-terized by nonspecific symptoms such as fever,rash,sore throat and arthralgia.This paper reports a clinical case of AOSD succes...BACKGROUND Adult-onset Still's disease(AOSD)is a rare autoinflammatory disease charac-terized by nonspecific symptoms such as fever,rash,sore throat and arthralgia.This paper reports a clinical case of AOSD successfully treated with Bo’s abdo-minal acupuncture(BAA).CASE SUMMARY We report a 20-year-old man who suffered from cold exposure,presenting with high fever,rash,sore throat,arthralgia,and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate,leukocytosis with neutrophilic predominance,elevated ferritin,elevated C-reactive protein,and negative rheumatoid factors.He was diagnosed with AOSD based on the Yamaguchi criteria.After treatment with traditional Chinese medi-cine(TCM)decoction and prednisone acetate tablets,there was some alleviation of sore throat,joint and muscle pain,and fever,but he still had persistent low-grade fever,rash,sore throat and arthralgia.He went to the TCM acupuncture outpatient department to receive BAA.Abdominal acupoints Zhongwan(CV12),Xiawan(CV10),0.5 cm below Xiawan(CV10),Qihai(CV6),Guanyuan(CV4),bilateral Qixue(KI13),bilateral Huaroumen(ST24),bilateral Shangfengshidian(AB1)and bilateral Daheng(SP15)were selected.After 3 months treatment,all symptoms disappeared,and the laboratory examination returned to normal levels.He did not take glucocorticoids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs afterwards,and no relapse was observed during the 3-year follow-up period.CONCLUSION BAA can be used as a complementary medical approach for treatment of AOSD.展开更多
In this study, aiming at the characteristics of randomness and dynamics in Wearable Audiooriented BodyNets （WA-BodyNets）, stochastic differential game theory is applied to the investigation of the problem of transm...In this study, aiming at the characteristics of randomness and dynamics in Wearable Audiooriented BodyNets （WA-BodyNets）, stochastic differential game theory is applied to the investigation of the problem of transmitted power control inconsumer electronic devices. First, astochastic differential game model is proposed for non-cooperative decentralized uplink power control with a wisdom regulation factor over WA-BodyNets with a onehop star topology.This model aims to minimize the cost associated with the novel payoff function of a player, for which two cost functions are defined： functions of inherent power radiation and accumulated power radiation darmge. Second, the feedback Nash equilibrium solution of the proposed model and the constraint of the Quality of Service （QoS） requirement of the player based on the SIR threshold are derived by solving the Fleming-Bellman-Isaacs partial differential equations. Furthermore, the Markov property of the optimal feedback strategies in this model is verified.The simulation results show that the proposed game model is effective and feasible for controlling the transmitted power of WA-BodyNets.展开更多
Growth and morphology of neodymium or ytterbium doped calcium gadolinium yttrium oxoborate (Re∶Ca 4Gd x Y 1- x O(BO 3) 3(Re∶GdYCOB)Re =Nd,Yb; x =0-1)were systematically studied. Polycrystalline materials used for Re...Growth and morphology of neodymium or ytterbium doped calcium gadolinium yttrium oxoborate (Re∶Ca 4Gd x Y 1- x O(BO 3) 3(Re∶GdYCOB)Re =Nd,Yb; x =0-1)were systematically studied. Polycrystalline materials used for Re∶GdYCOB single crystals growth were synthesized by multistage solid phase reaction method.Re∶GdYCOB single crystals were grown by Czochralski technique.The pulling rates are 0.5-2mm/h and the rotation rates are 10-30r/min.Usually 65-75% polycrystalline materials can be transformed into good quality single crystals under our growth conditions. The structures of some as grown Re∶GdYCOB single crystals were measured by using a four circle diffractometer.The results measured show that the space group of the crystals is C 3 s Cm.The determined lattice constants of 8 at% Nd doped Ca 4YO(BO 3) 3 single crystal are a =0.8076nm, b =1.6020nm, c =0.3527nm , β =101.23°.展开更多
Distinction between Crohn's disease of the colonrectum and ulcerative colitis or inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) type unclassified can be of pivotal importance for a tailored clinical management,as each entity oft...Distinction between Crohn's disease of the colonrectum and ulcerative colitis or inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) type unclassified can be of pivotal importance for a tailored clinical management,as each entity often involves specific therapeutic strategies and prognosis.Nonetheless,no gold standard is available and the uncertainty of diagnosis may frequently lead to misclassification or repeated examinations.Hence,we have performed a literature search to address the problem of differential diagnosis in IBD colitis,revised current and emerging diagnostic tools and refined disease classification strategies.Nowadays,the differential diagnosis is an untangled issue,and the proper diagnosis cannot be reached in up to 10% of patients presenting with IBD colitis.This topic is receiving emerging attention,as medical therapies,surgical approaches and leading prognostic outcomes require more and more disease-specific strategies in IBD patients.The optimization of standard diagnostic approaches based on clinical features,biomarkers,radiology,endoscopy and histopathology appears to provide only marginal benefits.Conversely,emerging diagnostic techniques in the field of gastrointestinal endoscopy,molecular pathology,genetics,epigenetics,metabolomics and proteomics have already shown promising results.Novel advanced endoscopic imaging techniques and biomarkers can shed new light for the differential diagnosis of IBD,better reflecting diverse disease behaviors based on specific pathogenic pathways.展开更多
After a brief emphasis about the interconnected world, including Cyber-Physical Systems of Systems, the increasing importance of the decision-making by autonomous, quasi-autonomous, and autonomic systems is emphasised...After a brief emphasis about the interconnected world, including Cyber-Physical Systems of Systems, the increasing importance of the decision-making by autonomous, quasi-autonomous, and autonomic systems is emphasised. Promising roles of computational understanding, computational awareness, and computational wisdom for better autonomous decision-making are outlined. The contributions of simulation-based approaches are listed.展开更多
The structure of LiSrY2（BO3）3 has been solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis at 298 and 113 K on different diffractometers.It crystallizes in trigonal with space group P-3m1（No.164）.The cell paramete...The structure of LiSrY2（BO3）3 has been solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis at 298 and 113 K on different diffractometers.It crystallizes in trigonal with space group P-3m1（No.164）.The cell parameters at room temperature are as follows：a = 10.3345（9）,c = 6.4049（11） ,V = 592.41（13） 3,Z = 3,Mr = 448.81,F（000） = 618,μ = 21.327 mm-1 and Dc = 3.774 g/cm3.The crystal structure consists of gear-like [BY6O33] groups which are linked together by corner-sharing to form a two-dimensional layer parallel to the ab plane.These layers are connected one after another by sharing oxygen atoms with B（2） atoms along the c direction to construct a three-dimensional framework.Li and Sr atoms just occupy the cavities formed by oxygen atoms.In addition,the vibrational spectroscopy of LiSrY2（BO3）3 and photoluminescence properties of the Eu3＋ doped LiSrY2（BO3）3 were also studied.展开更多
Robert Frost is one of the famous poets of the 20th century American literature who won the Pulitzer Prize for four times. The reason for his popularity is partially because he employs traditional verse form and iambi...Robert Frost is one of the famous poets of the 20th century American literature who won the Pulitzer Prize for four times. The reason for his popularity is partially because he employs traditional verse form and iambic pentameter pattern in poem writing, but the most important reason for the reputation of his poems lies in the thematic concern of something universal, such as death and life, love and hate, war and peace, the good and the evil, the wisdom of human life and etc. . A brief analysis will be given in the following text about the wisdoms of human life embodied in Robert Frost's poems from three aspects: 1. Relaxation and responsibility of man. 2. The decisions in life.展开更多
The effects of the addition of H3BO3 on the microstructure, phase formation, and microwave dielectric properties of （Zn0.TMg0.3）TiO3 ceramics sintered at temperatures ranging from 890 ℃ to 950 ℃ are investigated. ...The effects of the addition of H3BO3 on the microstructure, phase formation, and microwave dielectric properties of （Zn0.TMg0.3）TiO3 ceramics sintered at temperatures ranging from 890 ℃ to 950 ℃ are investigated. H3BO3 as a sintering agent can effectively lower the sintering temperature of ZMT ceramics below 950 ℃due to the liquid-phase effect. The microwave dielectric properties are found to strongly correlate with the amount of H3BO3. With the increase in H3BO3 content, the dielectric constant （er） monotonically increases, but the quality factor （Q x f） reaches a maximum at 1 wt% H3BO3, and the apparent density of ZMT ceramics with H3BO3〉 1 wt% gradually decreases. At 950 ℃, the ZMT ceramics with 1% H3BO3 exhibit excellent microwave dielectric properties： er = 19.8, and Q x f -- 43800 GHz （8.94 GHz）.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is comprised of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, both chronic inflammatory intestinal disorders of unknown etiology characterized by a waxing and waning clinical cou...Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is comprised of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, both chronic inflammatory intestinal disorders of unknown etiology characterized by a waxing and waning clinical course. For many years, the drug therapy was limited to sulfasalazine and related aminosalicylates, corticosteroids and antibiotics. Studies suggesting that the pathophysiology of these disorders relates to a disregulated, over-active immune response to indigenous bacteria have led to the increasing importance of immunosuppressive drugs for the therapy of IBD. This review details the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and adverse effects of these agents.展开更多
This paper is devoted to the rare-earth borates described by the general formula RM3（BO3）4, M = Al, Fe, and Cr, that have non-centrosymmetric trigonal slructure of the natural mineral huntite. It give a brief review...This paper is devoted to the rare-earth borates described by the general formula RM3（BO3）4, M = Al, Fe, and Cr, that have non-centrosymmetric trigonal slructure of the natural mineral huntite. It give a brief review of a spectroscopic research on YbAI3（BO3）4 （YbAB）, on a large group of magnetic iron borates, and on NdCra（BO3）4.展开更多
Background： Consuming moderate amounts of lean red meat as part of a balanced diet valuably contributes to intakes of essential nutrients, in this study, we merged phenotypic and genotypic information to characterize...Background： Consuming moderate amounts of lean red meat as part of a balanced diet valuably contributes to intakes of essential nutrients, in this study, we merged phenotypic and genotypic information to characterize the variation in lipid profile and sensory parameters and to represent the diversity among 15 cattle populations. Correlations between fat content, organoleptic characteristics and lipid profiles were also investigated. Methods： A sample of 436 largely unrelated purebred bulls belonging to 15 breeds and reared under comparable management conditions was analyzed. Phenotypic data -including fatness score, fat percentage, individual fatty acids （FA） profiles and sensory panel tests- and genotypic information from 11 polymorphisms was used. Results： The correlation coefficients between muscle total lipid measurements and absolute vs. relative amounts of polyunsaturated FA （PUFA） were in opposite directions. Increasing carcass fat leads to an increasing amount of FAs in triglycerides, but at the same time the relative amount of PUFAs is decreasing, which is in concordance with the negative correlation obtained here between the percentage of PUFA and fat measurements, as well as the weaker correlation between total phospholipids and total lipid muscle content compared with neutral lipids. Concerning organoleptic characteristics, a negative correlation between fiavour scores and the percentage of total PUFA, particularly to n-6 fraction, was found. The correlation between juiciness and texture is higher than with flavour scores. The distribution of SNPs plotted by principal components analysis （PCA） mainly reflects their known trait associations, although influenced by their specific breed allele frequencies. Conclusions： The results presented here help to understand the phenotypic and genotypic background underlying variations in FA composition and sensory parameters between breeds. The wide range of traits and breeds studied, along with the genotypic information on polymorphisms previously associated with different lipid traits, provide a broad characterization of beef meat, which allows giving a better response to the variety of consumers＇ preferences. Also, the development and implementation of low-density SNP panels with predictive value for economically important traits, such as those summarized here, may be used to improve production efficiency and meat quality in the beef industry.展开更多
Indian hedgehog （Ihh） is an essential signal that regulates endochondral bone development. We have previously shown that Wnt7b promotes osteoblast differentiation during mouse embryogenesis, and that its expression ...Indian hedgehog （Ihh） is an essential signal that regulates endochondral bone development. We have previously shown that Wnt7b promotes osteoblast differentiation during mouse embryogenesis, and that its expression in the perichondrium is dependent on Ihh signaling. To test the hypothesis that Wnt7b may mediate some aspects of Ihh function during endochondral bone development, we activated Wnt7b expression from the R26-Wnt7b allele with Col2-Cre in the Ihh-/- mouse. Artificial expression of Wnt7b rescued vascularization of the hypertrophic cartilage in the Ihh-/- mouse, but failed to restore orthotopic osteoblast differentiation in the perichondrium. Similarly, Wnt7b did not recover Ihh-dependent perichondral bone formation in the Ihh-/-; Gli3-/- embryo. Interestingly, Wnt7b induced bone formation at the diaphyseal region of long bones in the absence of Ihh, possibly due to increased vascularization in the area. Thus, Ihh-dependent expression of Wnt7b in the perichondrium may contribute to vascularization of the hypertrophic cartilage during endochondral bone development.展开更多
基金Supported by Beijing Municipal Commission of Education,No.SM202214075001。
文摘BACKGROUND Adult-onset Still's disease(AOSD)is a rare autoinflammatory disease charac-terized by nonspecific symptoms such as fever,rash,sore throat and arthralgia.This paper reports a clinical case of AOSD successfully treated with Bo’s abdo-minal acupuncture(BAA).CASE SUMMARY We report a 20-year-old man who suffered from cold exposure,presenting with high fever,rash,sore throat,arthralgia,and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate,leukocytosis with neutrophilic predominance,elevated ferritin,elevated C-reactive protein,and negative rheumatoid factors.He was diagnosed with AOSD based on the Yamaguchi criteria.After treatment with traditional Chinese medi-cine(TCM)decoction and prednisone acetate tablets,there was some alleviation of sore throat,joint and muscle pain,and fever,but he still had persistent low-grade fever,rash,sore throat and arthralgia.He went to the TCM acupuncture outpatient department to receive BAA.Abdominal acupoints Zhongwan(CV12),Xiawan(CV10),0.5 cm below Xiawan(CV10),Qihai(CV6),Guanyuan(CV4),bilateral Qixue(KI13),bilateral Huaroumen(ST24),bilateral Shangfengshidian(AB1)and bilateral Daheng(SP15)were selected.After 3 months treatment,all symptoms disappeared,and the laboratory examination returned to normal levels.He did not take glucocorticoids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs afterwards,and no relapse was observed during the 3-year follow-up period.CONCLUSION BAA can be used as a complementary medical approach for treatment of AOSD.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.61272506,No.61170014，the Foundation of Key Program of MOE of China under Grant No.311007，the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing under Grant No.4102041
文摘In this study, aiming at the characteristics of randomness and dynamics in Wearable Audiooriented BodyNets （WA-BodyNets）, stochastic differential game theory is applied to the investigation of the problem of transmitted power control inconsumer electronic devices. First, astochastic differential game model is proposed for non-cooperative decentralized uplink power control with a wisdom regulation factor over WA-BodyNets with a onehop star topology.This model aims to minimize the cost associated with the novel payoff function of a player, for which two cost functions are defined： functions of inherent power radiation and accumulated power radiation darmge. Second, the feedback Nash equilibrium solution of the proposed model and the constraint of the Quality of Service （QoS） requirement of the player based on the SIR threshold are derived by solving the Fleming-Bellman-Isaacs partial differential equations. Furthermore, the Markov property of the optimal feedback strategies in this model is verified.The simulation results show that the proposed game model is effective and feasible for controlling the transmitted power of WA-BodyNets.
文摘Growth and morphology of neodymium or ytterbium doped calcium gadolinium yttrium oxoborate (Re∶Ca 4Gd x Y 1- x O(BO 3) 3(Re∶GdYCOB)Re =Nd,Yb; x =0-1)were systematically studied. Polycrystalline materials used for Re∶GdYCOB single crystals growth were synthesized by multistage solid phase reaction method.Re∶GdYCOB single crystals were grown by Czochralski technique.The pulling rates are 0.5-2mm/h and the rotation rates are 10-30r/min.Usually 65-75% polycrystalline materials can be transformed into good quality single crystals under our growth conditions. The structures of some as grown Re∶GdYCOB single crystals were measured by using a four circle diffractometer.The results measured show that the space group of the crystals is C 3 s Cm.The determined lattice constants of 8 at% Nd doped Ca 4YO(BO 3) 3 single crystal are a =0.8076nm, b =1.6020nm, c =0.3527nm , β =101.23°.
文摘Distinction between Crohn's disease of the colonrectum and ulcerative colitis or inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) type unclassified can be of pivotal importance for a tailored clinical management,as each entity often involves specific therapeutic strategies and prognosis.Nonetheless,no gold standard is available and the uncertainty of diagnosis may frequently lead to misclassification or repeated examinations.Hence,we have performed a literature search to address the problem of differential diagnosis in IBD colitis,revised current and emerging diagnostic tools and refined disease classification strategies.Nowadays,the differential diagnosis is an untangled issue,and the proper diagnosis cannot be reached in up to 10% of patients presenting with IBD colitis.This topic is receiving emerging attention,as medical therapies,surgical approaches and leading prognostic outcomes require more and more disease-specific strategies in IBD patients.The optimization of standard diagnostic approaches based on clinical features,biomarkers,radiology,endoscopy and histopathology appears to provide only marginal benefits.Conversely,emerging diagnostic techniques in the field of gastrointestinal endoscopy,molecular pathology,genetics,epigenetics,metabolomics and proteomics have already shown promising results.Novel advanced endoscopic imaging techniques and biomarkers can shed new light for the differential diagnosis of IBD,better reflecting diverse disease behaviors based on specific pathogenic pathways.
文摘After a brief emphasis about the interconnected world, including Cyber-Physical Systems of Systems, the increasing importance of the decision-making by autonomous, quasi-autonomous, and autonomic systems is emphasised. Promising roles of computational understanding, computational awareness, and computational wisdom for better autonomous decision-making are outlined. The contributions of simulation-based approaches are listed.
基金supported by the Major Research Project of Xi’an University of Arts and Science (No.zd200906)the Special Fund of Education Committee of Shaanxi Province (No.09JK743)
文摘The structure of LiSrY2（BO3）3 has been solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis at 298 and 113 K on different diffractometers.It crystallizes in trigonal with space group P-3m1（No.164）.The cell parameters at room temperature are as follows：a = 10.3345（9）,c = 6.4049（11） ,V = 592.41（13） 3,Z = 3,Mr = 448.81,F（000） = 618,μ = 21.327 mm-1 and Dc = 3.774 g/cm3.The crystal structure consists of gear-like [BY6O33] groups which are linked together by corner-sharing to form a two-dimensional layer parallel to the ab plane.These layers are connected one after another by sharing oxygen atoms with B（2） atoms along the c direction to construct a three-dimensional framework.Li and Sr atoms just occupy the cavities formed by oxygen atoms.In addition,the vibrational spectroscopy of LiSrY2（BO3）3 and photoluminescence properties of the Eu3＋ doped LiSrY2（BO3）3 were also studied.
文摘Robert Frost is one of the famous poets of the 20th century American literature who won the Pulitzer Prize for four times. The reason for his popularity is partially because he employs traditional verse form and iambic pentameter pattern in poem writing, but the most important reason for the reputation of his poems lies in the thematic concern of something universal, such as death and life, love and hate, war and peace, the good and the evil, the wisdom of human life and etc. . A brief analysis will be given in the following text about the wisdoms of human life embodied in Robert Frost's poems from three aspects: 1. Relaxation and responsibility of man. 2. The decisions in life.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61171047,51132003,51072029,and 61271038)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universitythe Fund from the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province,China
文摘The effects of the addition of H3BO3 on the microstructure, phase formation, and microwave dielectric properties of （Zn0.TMg0.3）TiO3 ceramics sintered at temperatures ranging from 890 ℃ to 950 ℃ are investigated. H3BO3 as a sintering agent can effectively lower the sintering temperature of ZMT ceramics below 950 ℃due to the liquid-phase effect. The microwave dielectric properties are found to strongly correlate with the amount of H3BO3. With the increase in H3BO3 content, the dielectric constant （er） monotonically increases, but the quality factor （Q x f） reaches a maximum at 1 wt% H3BO3, and the apparent density of ZMT ceramics with H3BO3〉 1 wt% gradually decreases. At 950 ℃, the ZMT ceramics with 1% H3BO3 exhibit excellent microwave dielectric properties： er = 19.8, and Q x f -- 43800 GHz （8.94 GHz）.
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is comprised of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, both chronic inflammatory intestinal disorders of unknown etiology characterized by a waxing and waning clinical course. For many years, the drug therapy was limited to sulfasalazine and related aminosalicylates, corticosteroids and antibiotics. Studies suggesting that the pathophysiology of these disorders relates to a disregulated, over-active immune response to indigenous bacteria have led to the increasing importance of immunosuppressive drugs for the therapy of IBD. This review details the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and adverse effects of these agents.
基金supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (07-02-01185)the Russian Academy of Sciences under thgrams for Basic Research
文摘This paper is devoted to the rare-earth borates described by the general formula RM3（BO3）4, M = Al, Fe, and Cr, that have non-centrosymmetric trigonal slructure of the natural mineral huntite. It give a brief review of a spectroscopic research on YbAI3（BO3）4 （YbAB）, on a large group of magnetic iron borates, and on NdCra（BO3）4.
文摘Background： Consuming moderate amounts of lean red meat as part of a balanced diet valuably contributes to intakes of essential nutrients, in this study, we merged phenotypic and genotypic information to characterize the variation in lipid profile and sensory parameters and to represent the diversity among 15 cattle populations. Correlations between fat content, organoleptic characteristics and lipid profiles were also investigated. Methods： A sample of 436 largely unrelated purebred bulls belonging to 15 breeds and reared under comparable management conditions was analyzed. Phenotypic data -including fatness score, fat percentage, individual fatty acids （FA） profiles and sensory panel tests- and genotypic information from 11 polymorphisms was used. Results： The correlation coefficients between muscle total lipid measurements and absolute vs. relative amounts of polyunsaturated FA （PUFA） were in opposite directions. Increasing carcass fat leads to an increasing amount of FAs in triglycerides, but at the same time the relative amount of PUFAs is decreasing, which is in concordance with the negative correlation obtained here between the percentage of PUFA and fat measurements, as well as the weaker correlation between total phospholipids and total lipid muscle content compared with neutral lipids. Concerning organoleptic characteristics, a negative correlation between fiavour scores and the percentage of total PUFA, particularly to n-6 fraction, was found. The correlation between juiciness and texture is higher than with flavour scores. The distribution of SNPs plotted by principal components analysis （PCA） mainly reflects their known trait associations, although influenced by their specific breed allele frequencies. Conclusions： The results presented here help to understand the phenotypic and genotypic background underlying variations in FA composition and sensory parameters between breeds. The wide range of traits and breeds studied, along with the genotypic information on polymorphisms previously associated with different lipid traits, provide a broad characterization of beef meat, which allows giving a better response to the variety of consumers＇ preferences. Also, the development and implementation of low-density SNP panels with predictive value for economically important traits, such as those summarized here, may be used to improve production efficiency and meat quality in the beef industry.
基金supported by NIH grants R01 DK065789 and R01 AR060456 to FL
文摘Indian hedgehog （Ihh） is an essential signal that regulates endochondral bone development. We have previously shown that Wnt7b promotes osteoblast differentiation during mouse embryogenesis, and that its expression in the perichondrium is dependent on Ihh signaling. To test the hypothesis that Wnt7b may mediate some aspects of Ihh function during endochondral bone development, we activated Wnt7b expression from the R26-Wnt7b allele with Col2-Cre in the Ihh-/- mouse. Artificial expression of Wnt7b rescued vascularization of the hypertrophic cartilage in the Ihh-/- mouse, but failed to restore orthotopic osteoblast differentiation in the perichondrium. Similarly, Wnt7b did not recover Ihh-dependent perichondral bone formation in the Ihh-/-; Gli3-/- embryo. Interestingly, Wnt7b induced bone formation at the diaphyseal region of long bones in the absence of Ihh, possibly due to increased vascularization in the area. Thus, Ihh-dependent expression of Wnt7b in the perichondrium may contribute to vascularization of the hypertrophic cartilage during endochondral bone development.
