Congenital pure kyphosis due to failure of vertebral body segmentation is a relatively rare entity, and surgical intervention is infrequent compared to that for failure of vertebral body formation [1] [2]. There are v...Congenital pure kyphosis due to failure of vertebral body segmentation is a relatively rare entity, and surgical intervention is infrequent compared to that for failure of vertebral body formation [1] [2]. There are very few reports of long-term follow-up of surgical treatment in patients with congenital pure kyphosis, and all the reported cases were diagnosed as failure of formation and had an age at the time of surgery of less than 18 years. It is important for orthopedic surgeons to follow the postoperative course of rare cases over 30 years. Here, we present a surgically treated case with ultra-long term follow-up of a 50-year-old patient with congenital pure kyphosis of the lumbar spine. Imaging of the lumbar spine showed six vertebrae and an unsegmented bar at L3-4 causing a pure kyphosis of 54°. The wedge-shaped block vertebra had 4 pedicles with the neural foramen between the pedicles without concomitant disc space, with compensatory thoracic hypokyphosis and lower lumbar hyperlordosis. One-stage correction and fusion surgery using anterior opening and posterior closing osteotomy was successfully performed. Both clinical and radiographic results were excellent and have been maintained for over 30 years postoperatively. The basic principle in the surgical treatment of adult spinal deformity is to achieve and maintain a good global sagittal balance over time. This case reaffirms the importance of spinopelvic harmony.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)character animation is one of the most important visual elements on which users’interest is focused in the game field.However,2D character animation works in the game field are mostly performed man...Two-dimensional(2D)character animation is one of the most important visual elements on which users’interest is focused in the game field.However,2D character animation works in the game field are mostly performed manually in two dimensions,thus generating high production costs.This study proposes a generative adversarial network based production tool that can easily and quickly generate the sprite images of 2D characters.First,we proposed a methodology to create a synthetic dataset for training using images from the real world in the game resource production field where machine learning datasets are insufficient.In addition,we have enabled effective sprite generation while minimizing user input in the process of using the tool.To this end,we proposed a mixed input method with a small number of segmentations and skeletal bone paintings.The proposed image-to-image translation network effectively generated sprite images from the user input images using the skeletal loss.We conducted an experiment regarding the number of images required and showed that 2D sprite resources can be generated even with a small number of segmentation inputs and one skeletal bone drawing.展开更多
This is a case presentation of a very bizarre open globe trauma with anterior segment foreign body-fishing hook stuck in the cornea and iris. Complications due to this kind of eye trauma might be very hazardous and wi...This is a case presentation of a very bizarre open globe trauma with anterior segment foreign body-fishing hook stuck in the cornea and iris. Complications due to this kind of eye trauma might be very hazardous and with serious impact on visual function. We are representing our approach and experience of three step management of this kind of eye injury: first-extract the foreign body, close and reconstruct the eyeball, second-fight inflammation, and third-restore the visual function by cataract surgery.展开更多
文摘Congenital pure kyphosis due to failure of vertebral body segmentation is a relatively rare entity, and surgical intervention is infrequent compared to that for failure of vertebral body formation [1] [2]. There are very few reports of long-term follow-up of surgical treatment in patients with congenital pure kyphosis, and all the reported cases were diagnosed as failure of formation and had an age at the time of surgery of less than 18 years. It is important for orthopedic surgeons to follow the postoperative course of rare cases over 30 years. Here, we present a surgically treated case with ultra-long term follow-up of a 50-year-old patient with congenital pure kyphosis of the lumbar spine. Imaging of the lumbar spine showed six vertebrae and an unsegmented bar at L3-4 causing a pure kyphosis of 54°. The wedge-shaped block vertebra had 4 pedicles with the neural foramen between the pedicles without concomitant disc space, with compensatory thoracic hypokyphosis and lower lumbar hyperlordosis. One-stage correction and fusion surgery using anterior opening and posterior closing osteotomy was successfully performed. Both clinical and radiographic results were excellent and have been maintained for over 30 years postoperatively. The basic principle in the surgical treatment of adult spinal deformity is to achieve and maintain a good global sagittal balance over time. This case reaffirms the importance of spinopelvic harmony.
基金This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean Government(MSIT)(Nos.NRF-2019R1A2C1002525,NRF-2020R1G1A1100125)a research grant from Seoul Women’s University(2020-0181).
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)character animation is one of the most important visual elements on which users’interest is focused in the game field.However,2D character animation works in the game field are mostly performed manually in two dimensions,thus generating high production costs.This study proposes a generative adversarial network based production tool that can easily and quickly generate the sprite images of 2D characters.First,we proposed a methodology to create a synthetic dataset for training using images from the real world in the game resource production field where machine learning datasets are insufficient.In addition,we have enabled effective sprite generation while minimizing user input in the process of using the tool.To this end,we proposed a mixed input method with a small number of segmentations and skeletal bone paintings.The proposed image-to-image translation network effectively generated sprite images from the user input images using the skeletal loss.We conducted an experiment regarding the number of images required and showed that 2D sprite resources can be generated even with a small number of segmentation inputs and one skeletal bone drawing.
文摘This is a case presentation of a very bizarre open globe trauma with anterior segment foreign body-fishing hook stuck in the cornea and iris. Complications due to this kind of eye trauma might be very hazardous and with serious impact on visual function. We are representing our approach and experience of three step management of this kind of eye injury: first-extract the foreign body, close and reconstruct the eyeball, second-fight inflammation, and third-restore the visual function by cataract surgery.
