Solvothermal synthesis and adsorption performance of layered boehmite using aluminum chloride and high-alumina fly ash

High alumina fly ash(FAHAl)is a kind of bulk solid waste unique to China,whose availability of high-value aluminum and the threat to the environment makes its high-value utilization urgent.In this work,the alumina containing leaching solution obtained from Na2CO_(3) roasting and HCl leaching of FAHAl was used as the mother liquor to prepare layered boehmite in situ.The preparation process with AlCl3 as the raw material was also compared.The formation process and mechanism of boehmite,the choice of solvent,along with the adsorption capability of Congo red were analyzed by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method and adsorption experiments.Results showed that during the preparation of layered boehmite,the precursor Al(OH)3 from the reaction of Al3+and OH-is transformed into boehmiteγ-AlOOH.The existence of ethanol is beneficial to regulate and promote the growth of boehmite crystal effectively.When water and ethanol are mixed with a volume ratio of 2:1 and used as the solvent,the maximum specific surface area of the boehmite is obtained at 135.7 m2·g^(-1),and 99.16%of Congo red can be absorbed after 10 min when AlCl3 is used as a raw material.As purified leaching solution is used as the mother liquid,the crystallinity of boehmite decreases slightly when the pH value decreases from 12.5 to 11.When pH is 11,the removal efficiency of Congo red reaches a maximum of 72.25%.This process not only achieves the extraction of aluminum and high-value utilization of FAHAl but also provides a thought to prepare layered boehmite with adsorption properties.

x-PA6/GF/Boehmite纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用熔融共混的方法制备了高流动性聚酰胺6(x-PA6)/玻璃纤维(GF)/勃姆石(Boehmite)纳米复合材料。在GF含量不变(25%,质量分数,下同)的情况下,考查了Boehmite含量对复合材料力学性能、耐热性能、导热性能及微观形态的影响。结果表明,在实验范围内,复合材料的力学性能、耐热性能及导热性能均随着Boehmite含量的增加而提高,当Boehmite含量增至15%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、热变形温度及热导率分别提高了10.1%、8.1%、10.5%、85.48%;Boehmite的加入能有效促进GF的分散,且自身能均匀地分布于x-PA6基体中。

Precipitation of spherical boehmite from concentrated sodium aluminate solution by adding gibbsite as seed

The precipitation of spherical boehmite was studied by surface energy calculations, measurements of precipitation ratios, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The surface energy calculation results show that the(001) and(112) planes of gibbsite surfaces are remarkably stable because of their low surface energies. In addition, the(010) plane of boehmite grows preferentially during precipitation because of its low surface energy. Thus, we propose a method to precipitate spherical boehmite from a supersaturated sodium aluminate solution by adding gibbsite as seed in a heterogeneous system. In this method, gibbsite acts as the preliminary seed and saturation modifier. The results show that the fine boehmite first nucleates on the(001) and(112) planes of gibbsite and then grows vertically on the(001) and(112) basal planes of gibbsite via self-assembly, thereby forming spherical boehmite. Simultaneously, gibbsite is dissolved into the aluminate solution to maintain the saturation for the precipitation of boehmite. The precipitation ratio fluctuates(forming an M-shaped curve) because of gibbsite dissolution and boehmite precipitation. The mechanism of boehmite precipitation was further discussed on the basis of the differences in surface energy and solubility between gibbsite and boehmite. This study provides an environmentally friendly and economical method to prepare specific boehmite in a heterogeneous system.

Influence of hydrothermal temperature on structure and microstructure of boehmite

Boehmites(Al2O3·xH2O)were hydrothermally prepared from aluminum alkoxide.The effect of temperature on preparation was studied in the range of 100-180℃.The XRD analysis shows that with temperature increasing,the transformation of pseudo-boehmite into well-crystallized boehmite takes place.The micro-morphologies change also from irregular clew to thin cubic platelets.From the mass loss of the samples prepared at different temperatures,the value of x is estimated to vary between 1.06 and 1.67.γ-Al2O3 obtained by subsequent calcination of boehmite at 600℃is also characterized by XRD and its morphology remains unchanged.

YAG∶Ce Phosphors for WLED via Nano-Pesudoboehmite Sol-Gel Route

The sub-micron sized YAG ： Ce phosphors were synthesized via a modified sol-gel method by peptizing nano-pesudoboehmite particulate. It is found that YAG phase from the dried gel powders appears at 1000 ℃ then the pure YAG phase exists at a relatively lower sintering temperature of 1400 ℃. The smaller sizes of phosphors in the ranges of 1 - 3 μm are obtained due to the contribution of seeding effects of nano-sized alumina particles to strengthen each step of the processes. Both the excitation and emission spectra of photoluminescence of the phosphor obtained at 1400 ℃ meet well with the spectroscopic requirements of the WLED phosphors.

The Form of Sulfate in Pseudo-Boehmite and Its Effect on Properties of Pseudo-Boehmite

A series of pseudo-boehmite samples with their sulfate radicals(SO2-4) concentration ranging from 0.9% to 3.0% were prepared by the reaction of Na Al O2 solution on Al2(SO4)3 solution. The existing form of sulfate radicals was investigated. Results have shown that sulfates in pseudo-boehmite included two parts, the soluble sulfate radicals and the insoluble sulfate radicals, which accounted for 99% of the total amount of sulfate radicals. XRD, low-temperature N2-adsorption, and TEM were used to characterize the properties of these pseudo-boehmite samples. Results have shown that the relative crystallinity and crystal size of pseudo-boehmite decreased with the increase of sulfate radicals in the support. In the meanwhile, the bound water content in pseudo-boehmite increased. The TEM images of pseudo-boehmite indicated that the pseudoboehmite was prone to become amorphous hydrated alumina. However, the effect of sulfate content on the specific surface area and pore structure of aluminium oxide was insignificant.

Enhancement on Synthesis of Boehmite Through a Precarbonizationassisted Hydrogen Peroxide Route in Highly Alkaline Sodium Aluminate Solutions

Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)precipitation from sodium aluminate(SA)solution at close-ambient temperature is an efficient method to synthesize boehmite and its derived alumina with high surface area,but the precipitation yield of Al2O3 is usually below 50%in highly alkaline SA solutions.Here the synthesis of boehmite is enhanced through a precarbonization-assisted H2O2 route in highly alkaline SA solutions.It is found that the crystal structure of the precipitation product is evidently influenced by the precipitation conditions.As the precipitation temperature increases from 273 to 325 K,a small amount of gibbsite by-product is formed.As the aging temperature increases from 301 to 333 K,the crystallinity of boehmite decreases and part of the boehmite dissolves due to an increase in the pH value.Based on the above results,a precarbonization-assisted H2O2 route is proposed to obtain pure boehmite with more complete recovery of Al2O3 from highly alkaline SA solutions.The route includes a controllable precarbonization step of SA solutions with a molar ratio of Na2O to Al2O3 higher than 2:1,followed by the H2O2-precipitated step with a molar ratio of H2O2 to Al2O3 less than 7:1.Because of its facile operation conditions,no extraneous impurity,time saving and a possible recycle of the filtrate,the route has great potential to be an alternative method for preparation of boehmite and its derived alumina.

Preparation and Properties of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate)/Boehmite Nanocomposite

Colloidal boehmite particles have been included into a polyethylene terephthalate matrix by in situ polymerization. Boehmite nanoparticles were produced by the controlled hydrolysis of aluminium isopropylate. The nanoparticles were characterized using Transmitted Electronic Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), which revealed the particles of magnitude about 10 nm. The particles have been used without any surface modification. Characterization of the nanocomposite has been carried out using TEM and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). TEM images indicate that the particles have been homogeneously dispersed in the polymer. DSC results show that the presence of boehmite affects the process of crystallization of polyethylene terephthalate.

Preparation of Pseudo-boehmite and y-Al_2O_3 Support by Neutralization of NaAlO_2 Solution with CO_2

Pseudo-boehmite (PB) and γ-Al2O3 support are prepared by neutralization ofNaAlO2 solution with CO2(mixed gases) on bench scale. PB, typically loosely packed, fibrous particle/aggregate, is obtained by adjustingconcentration and flow rate of CO2 and concentration of NaAlO2 solution at a pH level lower than that commonlyassumed during neutralization. After calcination at different temperatures, γ-Al2O3 supports with different pore vol-ume and different pore size are prepared at different conditions.

Solvothermal Synthesis of Boehmite and γ-Alumina Nanorods

Boehmite nanorods were synthesized by a solvothermal method using AICl3·6H2O in mixed solvents of water and aniline. The solvothermal time, heating temperature and the concentration of aniline have effects on the morphology of boehmite. γ-alumina nanorods were prepared by a simple thermal transformation of boehmite nanorods. A rational mechanism based on the oriented attachment is proposed for the formation of boehmite nanorods. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Photoluminescence （PL） spectrum of the boehmite nanorods was also investigated.

Preparation and Phase Transformation Behavior of Boehmite via Heat Treatment in Water Vapor

Boehmite was prepared under heat treatment in water vapour, and the phase transformation of gibbsite heat-treated at various temperatures was investigated. The sample was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry and differential thermalanalysis (TG-DTA), fourier transform infrared (FTIR),and BET surface area.Effect of temperature on preparation was studied in the range of 155°–195°.With the increase in temperature, transformation of gibbsite into crystalline boehmites took place as indicated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD). The shape of the grains in the prepared sample was cube-like morphology.In water vapour gibbsite transform into boehmite by a dissolution - precipitation mechanism.

四乙烯五胺改性γ-AlOOH对刚果红的吸附性能研究

研究了采用过度浸渍法,用四乙烯五胺改性γ-AlOOH制备氨基官能化勃姆石材料(TEPA-γ-AlOOH),通过SEM、XRD、FT-IR、BET和BJH对TEPA-γ-AlOOH形貌、物相、结构等进行表征,考察了其对刚果红溶液的吸附性能。结果表明:在刚果红初始质量浓度600 mg/L、体积200 mL、pH=4、温度25℃条件下,TEPA-γ-AlOOH吸附剂对刚果红的吸附量达1173.82 mg/g,刚果红脱除率为97.66%;吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型,吸附过程吸热,并可自发进行。

Adjustment on gibbsite and boehmite co-precipitation from supersaturated sodium aluminate solutions

Gibbsite is the usual precipitation product from alumina refineries with either Bayer or sintering process.However,the advantage of boehmite precipitation over gibbsite precipitation is the significant energy saving in the subsequent calcination step.The current investigation takes a pragmatic approach to measure precipitation ratios,determine product phase,morphology and particle size distribution,and assess the impacts and adjustment capability of main parameters such as seed,temperature,ethanol medium,and supersaturation on the precipitation kinetics and alumina hydrate type during co-precipitation process.The results clarify that gibbsite and boehmite both can be precipitated from supersaturated sodium aluminate solutions simultaneously,and the competitive formation between Al(OH)3 and γ-AlOOH determines the main precipitate phases from pregnant liquor.Boehmite seeds,high temperature and ethanol addition can promote the boehmite precipitation and improve the mass fraction of boehmite in products.Co-precipitation changes the multimodal distribution of seeds to a normal and well distribution of products,and the particle size is more than several times that of seeds.

Hydrothermal synthesis of boehmites with various particle sizes and transition to α-Al_2O_3 powders by calcination

Boehmite powders with various particle sizes have been prepared by hydrothermal method and the α-Al2O3 powders yielded after subsequent calcination have been studied. Dispersive crystalline boehmite powders of 30-100 nm, 0.4-0.6μm and 1μm in size were obtained respectively by changing the hydrothermal precursors and the pH value of hydrothermal slurry. Calcination of boehmite powders of 30-100 nm at 1250℃ for 1h resulted in the formation of single-phase α-Al2O3 , and the products consisted of vermicular particles. The boehmite powders of 0.4-0.6μm were also fully converted to α-Al2O3 at 1250℃, and the products consisted of plate-like particles with the same size of 0.4-0.6μm. The boehmite powders of 1μm calcined at 1350℃ for 2h were still composed of a little proportions of transition aluminas besides α-Al2O3, and the particles sintered severely. The reaction processes for the formation of crystalline boehmites under hydrothermal conditions and α-Al2O3 powders during calcination have been discussed.

Influence of Nanoparticle Shapes of Boehmite Alumina on the Thermal Performance of a Straight Microchannel Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger

The efficiency and irreversibility defined based on the second law of thermodynamics provide a new path for heat exchangers design and make performance analysis more straightforward and elegant.The second law of thermodynamics is applied in a Straight Microchannel Printed Circuit heat exchanger to determine the thermal performance of different shapes of Boehmite Alumina compared to Al2O3 aluminum oxide.The various forms of non-spherical Boehmite Alumina are characterized dynamically and thermodynamically through dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity,using empirical coefficients.The non-spherical shape includes platelet,cylindrical,blades,and bricks forms.Graphical results are presented for thermal efficiency,thermal irreversibility,heat transfer rate,and nanofluid exit temperature.The non-spherical shapes of Boehmite Alumina show different thermal characteristics concerning the spherical shape when there are variations in fluid flow rates and the nanoparticles fraction.Furthermore,it was theoretically demonstrated that non-spherical particles have higher heat transfer rates than spherical particles,emphasizing platelets and cylindrical shapes for the low volume fraction of nanoparticles and bricks and blades for high volume fraction.

γ-Al_(2)O_(3)载体的水热合成及其加氢性能

以ρ-Al_(2)O_(3)和NH4HCO3为原料,采用水热法合成出γ-Al_(2)O_(3)的前驱体碳酸铝铵(AACH),考察了原料配比和反应时间对合成产物的影响,利用X射线衍射仪、物理吸附分析仪、化学吸附仪对2种不同前驱体制得的载体进行表征,并对2种载体制得的催化剂进行了加氢脱硫脱氮性能评价。结果表明:在n(HCO_(3)^(-))/n(Al^(3+))为1.5∶1.0,100℃反应14 h下制得具有棒状结构、结晶度较好的AACH;相比由传统拟薄水铝石制得的载体,由AACH制得的载体具有较高比表面积和大孔容,有效孔径(4~10 nm)的孔容占比更高,且利于反应进行的中强酸更多,且所制备催化剂的脱硫脱氮活性更佳。

勃姆石(γ-AlOOH)溶胶的制备及表征(英文)

以异丙醇铝为先驱体，采用Yoldas方法成功地制备了勃姆石（γ—AlOOH）溶胶；并采用XRD、FTIR、UV—Vis分光光度计和TEM测试技术对勃姆石溶胶进行表征。研究结果表明，制备所得的勃姆石溶胶稳定、透明，溶胶粒子结晶性好，形貌呈纤维状，长度大约为60～100nm。

水热法制备一维纳米γ-AlOOH的形态结构

通过水热法制备了前驱体γ-AlOOH的一维纳米结构,考察了工艺参数对结构的影响.研究结果表明,当AlCl3溶液浓度小于0.2mol/L,反应溶液pH〈7,反应温度控制在160~180℃时,可以得到γ-AlOOH纳米棒,而当pH〉7时,样品呈片状;当AlCl3浓度大于0.2mol/L,pH控制在5~6,反应温度控制在200℃左右,并加入表面活性剂SDBS,可以制备大长径比γ-AlOOH纳米纤维.

水热法制备花状γ-AlOOH

以十八水合硫酸铝和尿素为原料,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)和酒石酸钠为表面活性剂,在165℃水热条件下反应3h,制备花状γ-AlOOH结构。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、热重分析和X射线衍射(XRD)对样品进行表征。实验结果表明,采用水热法可以得到长度、厚度均匀的γ-AlOOH纳米片组装成的花状γ-AlOOH。

纳米γ-AlOOH水热生长基元模型及结晶生长机理

-γA lOOH是水热法制备纳米A l2O3的中间产物。要制备出具有理想形貌的纳米A l2O3,必须要实现中间产物-γA lOOH的可控制备与定向生长。文中采用水热方法通过控制pH值,成功实现了须状、棒状、类球型及片状纳米-γA lOOH的可控制备,并在分析了大量实验数据的基础上,建立了-γA lOOH在水热过程中的生长基元模型,提出pH值决定生长基元,而生长基元决定生长方向的新观点。得出在酸性条件下,单体A l3+或由羟基联结而成的三聚体,按一维定向成长为晶须或棒条状纳米-γA lOOH;中性条件下,形成类球状纳米-γA lOOH;碱性条件下,单体A l3+由羟基联结而成的"双聚体",以此为生长基元按面扩张机制进行结晶生成片状纳米-γA lOOH。