Effect of boundary slip on electroosmotic flow in a curved rectangular microchannel

The aim of this study is to numerically investigate the impact of boundary slip on electroosmotic flow(EOF) in curved rectangular microchannels. Navier slip boundary conditions were employed at the curved microchannel walls. The electric potential distribution was governed by the Poisson–Boltzmann equation, whereas the velocity distribution was determined by the Navier–Stokes equation. The finite-difference method was employed to solve these two equations. The detailed discussion focuses on the impact of the curvature ratio, electrokinetic width, aspect ratio and slip length on the velocity. The results indicate that the present problem is strongly dependent on these parameters. The results demonstrate that by varying the dimensionless slip length from 0.001 to 0.01 while maintaining a curvature ratio of 0.5 there is a twofold increase in the maximum velocity. Moreover, this increase becomes more pronounced at higher curvature ratios. In addition, the velocity difference between the inner and outer radial regions increases with increasing slip length. Therefore, the incorporation of the slip boundary condition results in an augmented velocity and a more non-uniform velocity distribution. The findings presented here offer valuable insights into the design and optimization of EOF performance in curved hydrophobic microchannels featuring rectangular cross-sections.

Peristaltic motion of third grade fluid in curved channel

＂ Analysis is performed to study the slip effects on the peristaltic flow of non-Newtonian fluid in a curved channel with wall properties. The resulting nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed to a single ordinary differential equation in a stream function by using the assumptions of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. This differential equation is solved numerically by employing the built-in routine for solving nonlinear boundary value problems （BVPs） through the software Mathematica. In addition, the analytic solutions for small Deborah number are computed with a regular perturbation technique. It is noticed that the symmetry of bolus is destroyed in a curved channel. An intensification in the slip effect results in a larger magnitude of axial velocity. Further, the size and circulation of the trapped boluses increase with an increase in the slip parameter. Different from the case of planar channel, the axial velocity profiles are tilted towards the lower part of the channel. A comparative study between analytic and numerical solutions shows excellent agreement.

Bonding stress—slip constitutive behavior between bars and grout concrete

To establish bonding stress—slip constitutive model between bars and grout concrete,13 test specimens were employed to study the bonding behavior and the force transfer of bars adhered to grout concrete. The bonding stress development of bars adhered to grout concrete was analyzed. The local bonding stress—slip curve was obtained. Based on the test results,a new bonding stress— slip constitutive model between bars and grout concrete was proposed. The results show that the maximum bonding stress is not influenced by the bar bond length,but it is strengthened when the splitting strength of grout concrete is increased. The model matches the experimental results well,and the regressing coefficient equals 1.7.

Bond-slip constitutive relationship between bars and mortar for block masonry

Ten specimens were tested in this paper in order to study the bond behavior and the process of force transfer when bars adhered to mortar. The development of the bond stress between bars and mortar was calculated. Test results show that the maximum bond-stress is not influenced by the bar bond length and increases as the increased splitting strength of mortar for block. The local bond stress-slip curve was obtained. Then,based on the regressive analysis of test data,two bond shearing stress-slip constitutive models between bars and mortar were proposed. The models can be used in the numerical simulation or finite element analysis and provide references for the improvement of the corresponding design codes.

Research on Bond-Slip Constitutive Relation for Steel Reinforced Concrete Members

The constitutive relation of bond-slip on steel and concrete interface is proposed for short steel reinforced concrete （SRC） column. Based on the experimental research on bond-slip performance, a mechanical model of short SRC column in pulling or pushing test is established. By means of the elasto-plasticity theory the explicit formulation of bond-slip constitutive relation τ-s in different anchor-hold place of push and pull member is investigated under the conditions of balance and boundary. The study shows that the constitutive relation is relevant to the embedment length and the thickness of concrete cover. The results are continuous descriptions of bond-slip constitutive relation and can be used to analyze the non-linear performance of SRC members. Results indicate that the principle of the method is correct and it performs well for short SRC column.

Stress Variation Model of Bond Stress-Slip Relationship Between Steel Bar and Concrete

-Based on the experimental data, a stress variation model of the bond stress-slip relationship between steel bar and concrete is established. The characteristic of the model is that the boundary conditions are satisfied very well; the effects of the material properties, the concrete cover, the crack spacing and the distance from the cracked cross section are considered. Good agreement between measured and calculated bond stress-slip relationship is found. This model is useful for the study of the stiffness, deformation and crack width of reinforced concrete members, and for the nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete structures by the finite element method.

水工高压隧洞钢筋混凝土衬砌裂缝开度数值模拟方法研究

水工高压隧洞常以裂缝最大宽度作为钢筋混凝土衬砌设计的控制标准,但针对大洞径、高水头隧洞的裂缝最大宽度计算,公式法存在一些局限性。许多专家学者尝试将数值模拟方法应用至衬砌裂缝宽度计算当中,但难以统筹考虑钢筋混凝土粘结滑移、裂缝开裂后的应力重分布等多重因素的影响。基于此,提出一种通过损伤模型指导布设虚拟裂缝单元以反应裂缝特征的方法,即首先利用考虑粘结滑移的混凝土损伤模型模拟钢筋混凝土联合作用下衬砌混凝土损伤随着荷载施加发展的过程,进一步对损伤集中区域增设虚拟裂缝单元以计算裂缝开展过程。经对比,采用该方法计算得到的裂缝最大宽度、发展规律与分布情况与既有文献相似,且计算收敛性好,实现了通过有限元算法精确且高效地直接得到衬砌裂缝宽度,在设计与运行安全预测方面具有较大的应用价值。

钢-混凝土结构界面粘结滑移性能影响因素综述

界面粘结性能是实现钢-混凝土组合结构共同作用抵抗外部荷载的重要桥梁。本文对钢-混凝土界面粘结滑移性能主要试验方法及影响钢-混凝土结构界面粘结滑移性能的主要因素(混凝土保护层厚度、横向配箍率、混凝土强度、埋置长度及钢表面情况)进行总结。同时说明了钢-混凝土结构粘结滑移性能的国内外研究现状,为以后对钢-混凝土结构界面粘结滑移性能研究提供参考。

Determination of Smoothing Factor for the Inversion of Co-seismic Slip Distribution

For the determination of the smoothing factor (also known as the regularization parameter) in the co-seismic slip distribution inversion, the compromise curve between the model roughness and the data fitting residual is generally used to determine (in order to distinguish the method proposed in this paper, the method is called “L curve” according to its shape). Based on the L-curve, the Eclectic Intersection curve as a new method is proposed to determine the smoothing factor in this paper. The results of the simulated experiment show that the inversion accuracy of the parameters of the seismic slip distribution with the smoothing factor determined by the Eclectic Intersection curve method is better than that of the L curve method. Moreover, the Eclectic Intersection curve method and the L curve method are used to determine the smoothing factor of L’Aquila earthquake and the Taiwan Meinong earthquake slip distribution inversion respectively, and the inversion results are compared and analyzed. The analysis results show that the L’Aquila and the Taiwan Meinong actual earthquake slip distribution results are in the range of other scholars at home and abroad, and compared with the L curve method, the Eclectic Intersection curve method has advantages of high computation efficiency, no need to depend on data fitting degree and more appropriate of smoothing factor and so on.

Bond of Seawater Scoria Aggregate Concrete to Stainless Reinforcement

This study investigates the bond between seawater scoria aggregate concrete(SSAC)and stainless reinforcement(SR)through a series of pull-out tests.A total of 39 specimens,considering five experimental parameters—con-crete type(SSAC,ordinary concrete(OC)and seawater coral aggregate concrete(SCAC)),reinforcement type(SR,ordinary reinforcement(OR)),bond length(3,5 and 8 times bar diameter),concrete strength(C25 and C30)and concrete cover thickness(42 and 67 mm)—were prepared.The typical bond properties(failure pattern,bond strength,bond-slip curves and bond stress distribution,etc.)of seawater scoria aggregate concrete-stainless rein-forcement(SSAC-SR)specimen were systematically studied.Generally,the failure pattern changed with the con-crete type used,and the failure surface of SSAC specimen was different from that of OC specimen.SSAC enhanced the bond strength of specimen,while its effect on the deformation of SSAC-SR was negative.On aver-age,the peak slip of SSAC specimens was 20%lower while the bond strength was 6.7%higher compared to OC specimens under the similar conditions.The effects of variables on the bond strength of SSAC–SR in increasing order are concrete type,bond length,concrete strength and cover thickness.The bond-slip curve of SSAC-SR specimen consisted of micro-slipping,slipping and declining stages.It can be obtained that SSAC reduced the curve curvature of bond-slip,and the decline of curve became steep after adopting SR.The typical distribution of bond stress along bond length changed with the types of concrete and reinforcement used.Finally,a specific expression of the bond stress-slip curve considering the effects of various variables was established,which could provide a basis for the practical application of reinforced SSAC.

Buoyancy Effects in the Peristaltic Flow of a Prandtl-Eyring Nanofluid with Slip Boundaries

The interaction of nanoparticles with a peristaltic flow is analyzed considering a Prandtl-Eyring fluid under various conditions,such as the presence of a heat source/sink and slip effects in channels with a curvature.This problem has extensive background links with various fields in medical science such as chemotherapy and more in general nanotechnology.A similarity transformation is used to turn the original balance equations into a set of ordinary differential equations,which are then integrated numerically.The investigation reveals that nanofluids have valuable thermal capabilitises.

Fluxless bonding with silver nanowires aerogel in die-attached interconnection

The electronic product has gravitated towards component miniaturization and integration, employment of lead-free materials, and low-temperature soldering processes. Noble-metal aerogels have drawn increasing attention for high conduction and low density. However,the noble metal aerogels with outstanding solderability were rarely studied. This work has successfully synthesized an aerogel derived from silver nanowires(AgNWs) using a liquid phase reduction method. It is found that the noble metal aerogels can be made into diverse aerogel preformed soldering sheets. The influence of bonding temperature(150-300 ℃), time(2-20 min), and pressure(5-20 MPa) on the joint strength of the AgNWs aerogel affixed to electroless nickel/silver copper plates were investigated. Additionally, the AgNWs aerogel displays almost the same shear strength for substrates of various sizes. In a word, this study presents a flux-free, high-strength, and adaptable soldering structural material.

高强钢管超高性能混凝土界面黏结滑移性能试验

目的为了研究高强钢管超高性能混凝土的黏结滑移性能,方法考虑径厚比、长径比和钢纤维掺量3个参数的影响,设计并制作15根构件进行试验研究,通过推出试验,得到轴向荷载与加载端位移的荷载-位移曲线,以及高强钢管与超高性能混凝土之间的黏结强度,根据试验结果,对影响黏结强度的参数进行定性定量分析。结果结果表明:随着高强钢管长径比和径厚比的增加,黏结强度减小;随着钢纤维掺量增加,试件黏结强度先增加后减小,即当钢纤维掺量从1%增加到2%时,黏结强度增加,但当钢纤维掺量从2%增加到3%时,黏结强度反而降低;试件荷载-滑移曲线表现为两种形式,一是有明显的峰值点,峰值点后曲线急速下降(部分出现尾部上升的现象),二是曲线无明显峰值点,拐点后曲线持续缓慢增长。高强钢管超高性能混凝土的黏结破坏分为黏结阶段、滑动阶段和抗摩擦阶段。结论以长径比、径厚比、含钢率和套箍系数为参数,结合试验数据并对其进行回归分析,得到适用于高强钢管超高性能混凝土黏结强度的计算模型,并将计算结果与试验结果进行对比,计算值与试验值吻合较好,可为实际工程提供一定参考。

氯盐环境下UHPC-NC界面黏结性能试验研究

氯盐环境作为一种较为常见的化学侵蚀环境,研究其对超高性能混凝土(ultra-high performance concrete,UHPC)和普通混凝土(normal concrete,NC)界面耐久性能的影响对于UHPC加固混凝土结构和UHPC-NC组合结构的工程应用均具有重大的现实意义.基于此,通过在常规环境以及氯盐环境下的推出试验,获得了干湿循环次数(0次、25次、50次)、氯盐浸泡天数(0 d、50 d、100 d)及界面处理方式(钢丝刷刷毛、高压水射流冲毛、表面缓凝处理)对UHPC-NC界面黏结强度、界面黏结刚度及界面黏结滑移曲线的影响.结果表明:在100 d试验周期内,干湿循环及氯盐浸泡作用造成的界面黏结强度损失率不超过20%;氯盐环境作用时长的增加会导致界面黏结刚度的降低;随着界面粗糙度的增加,UHPC-NC试件的界面黏结强度以及界面黏结刚度均会增加;界面粗糙度的提高有助于界面抗氯盐侵蚀能力的提升.受到界面处理方法的影响,UHPC-NC试件经历干湿循环及氯盐浸泡后,荷载滑移曲线呈现2种不同的形式,分别对应光滑界面(钢丝刷刷毛界面)和其他界面(高压水射流冲毛界面和缓凝剂处理界面).各组试件的黏结滑移曲线在荷载到达峰值前趋于一致;荷载到达峰值后,前者存在荷载骤降段及持荷段,后者则随着滑移量的增加荷载不断降低.根据UHPC-NC黏结滑移曲线特征,提出了黏结滑移建议模型.

BFRP筋回收轮胎钢纤维混凝土黏结性能分析

对玄武岩纤维增强复合材料(BFRP)筋在回收轮胎钢纤维(RTSF)混凝土中的黏结性能进行了试验和分析研究.对不同RTSF体积掺量、BFRP筋直径和嵌入长度的试件进行了拉拔试验,研究其对黏结破坏模式、黏结滑移响应和黏结强度的影响,并提出了BFRP筋RTSF混凝土的黏结滑移理论模型.结果表明:BFRP筋RTSF混凝土黏结破坏类型包括拔出破坏、劈裂破坏以及拔出且劈裂破坏;BFRP筋直径对黏结破坏模式无显著影响,而RTSF体积掺量、BFRP筋直径和嵌入长度均对黏结强度有较大影响,且RTSF体积掺量与极限黏结强度呈正相关,BFRP筋直径和嵌入长度对其影响与之相反;当RTSF体积掺量从0增大至1.5%时,其极限黏结强度最大可提高约23.87%.与已有模型相比,所提出的黏结滑移理论模型对BFRP筋RTSF混凝土的黏结滑移曲线具有更高的拟合精度.

常泰长江大桥组合索塔锚固结构钢-混传剪构造足尺模型试验研究

常泰长江大桥索塔锚固结构采用钢箱-核芯混凝土组合结构,为研究该新型组合索塔锚固结构钢-混传剪构造的受力特性,进行钢-混传剪构造足尺模型试验研究。制作2个锚固结构足尺节段试验模型,通过压剪试验研究锚固结构的荷载~滑移曲线及应力、应变分布等受力特性,并通过有限元模型分析锚固结构的传力机理和各组件的内力分配比例,推导剪力钉剪力计算方法。结果表明:在2.14倍单索最大索力荷载作用下,锚固结构保持弹性状态,钢壁板未产生明显滑移,钢-混界面最大滑移不超过0.25 mm,该锚固结构中钢-混传剪构造至少具有2.14倍的安全系数;荷载作用下,剪力钉剪力从上至下逐渐增大,锚腹板附近底部3排剪力钉剪力较大,钢-混传剪构造至少存在剪力钉和界面摩擦力2种传剪机制,钢-混传剪构造的承载能力显著提高;钢-混传剪构造受力过程分为粘结力传力阶段和局部滑移阶段,剪力钉剪力分布不仅与沿剪切方向长度分布有关,也与荷载的大小线性相关。

钢筋混凝土梁柱边节点滞回性能数值模拟

为准确模拟梁柱边节点在地震条件作用下的滞回响应,建立考虑黏结退化机制的梁柱边节点有限元模型。基于ANSYS有限元平台,采用Voce-Chaboche混合强化模型定义钢筋的循环本构关系,开发组合弹簧单元实现往复荷载作用下钢筋与混凝土间的黏结退化机制,根据损伤理论提出往复荷载作用下黏结滑移本构关系预测模型。有限元计算得到的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化曲线、应力云图与试验结果的对比表明:混合强化本构能更好地描述往复荷载作用下钢筋的滞回响应,组合弹簧单元成功地反演了往复荷载作用下钢筋与混凝土的黏结退化特征,往复荷载作用下节点梁中塑性铰的发育导致梁塑性伸长,将对边节点柱造成不利影响,梁柱边节点数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好,为准确模拟梁柱边节点的滞回性能提供了理论基础和技术平台。

型钢高强自密实混凝土黏结滑移性能试验研究

为研究型钢与高强自密实混凝土界面黏结滑移性能,以混凝土保护层厚度和型钢埋置长度作为变化参数,设计9个型钢高强自密实混凝土试件进行推出试验.观察试件破坏过程、破坏形态和裂缝发展形式,获取了试件加载端的荷载-滑移全过程曲线,研究不同变量对其黏结性能的影响规律.结果表明:型钢高强自密实混凝土组合结构界面极限黏结强度随着混凝土保护层厚度的增加而增大,最大增幅94.9%;随着型钢埋置长度的增加而减小,最大削减为38.1%.界面黏结抗剪刚度随着型钢保护层厚度的增加先增大后减小,最大增幅85.1%;随着型钢埋置长度的增加而增大,最大增幅为30%.界面耗能能力与其变量相关性较弱;随保护层厚度的增加,界面损伤发展越晚;随型钢埋置深度的增加,界面损伤速度减缓.提出了型钢高强自密实混凝土黏结强度的计算公式,能较好地预测型钢高强自密实混凝土黏结强度.

高温后钢管高强混凝土柱的黏结性能

为了研究高温后钢管高强混凝土柱的黏结性能,通过有限元软件ABAQUS建立模型,并与已有试验结果进行验证,吻合良好。研究表明:钢管高强混凝土柱的黏结应力随着温度的升高呈现出先增加后减小的趋势;黏结应力随着混凝土强度的增大而增大,随着径厚比的增大而减小;长径比在2.74~7.72的范围内,随着长径比的增加,黏结力逐渐增加;黏结界面破坏的速度随温度的增加而减缓;随着温度的增加耗能因子呈现先增大后减小的趋势。

钢-UHPC轻型组合结构短栓钉抗剪性能试验研究

通过6个钢-超高性能混凝土(ultra-high performance concrete,UHPC)轻型组合结构短栓钉推出试验,对其抗剪承载力、破坏形态、栓钉应变及荷载-滑移曲线进行了研究,探讨了栓钉直径、长度、数量以及界面黏结对短栓钉抗剪性能的影响规律.结果表明:所有试件均为栓钉根部剪切破坏,UHPC板除栓钉根部沿承压方向部分UHPC压碎外,其余部分保持完好,UHPC可以抵抗栓钉传递的高压应力;栓钉根部截面屈服后应力强化阶段明显,栓钉发生剪切破坏时,栓钉根部上侧应变超过3500με;长径比为2.0的短栓钉在UHPC中也能发挥全部强度;所有试件的荷载-滑移曲线分为弹性、弹塑性和塑性3个阶段,所有短栓钉的最大滑移量均小于4 mm,工程应用时应按照弹性剪力连接件进行设计;栓钉直径对栓钉抗剪性能提高最显著,直径16 mm的栓钉比直径13 mm的栓钉的抗剪承载力和极限滑移分别提高了46.4%和11%,弹性刚度和塑性刚度分别提高了35.8%和59.1%,增加栓钉长度和界面黏结能有效提高栓钉的剪切刚度,长径比为3.0的栓钉比长径比为2.5的栓钉的弹性刚度提高了12.3%,界面有黏结试件比界面无黏结试件的弹性刚度提高了17.4%;相同间距内,合理增加更多栓钉有利于提高整体抗剪强度,但会降低延性变形能力.最后,结合实验数据和国内外UHPC中栓钉推出试验结果,建立了UHPC中栓钉荷载-滑移曲线和抗剪承载力预测表达式,计算值与试验值吻合良好.