Study on the Characteristics of A New Hybrid Mooring System for DualPlatform Joint Operations

As the sustainable exploitation of marine resources develops,dual-platform joint operation has caught increasing attention.Dual-platform joint operation requires smaller relative motion between the two sub-platforms,which is normally difficult to be satisfied by the traditional mooring system.Therefore,a new hybrid mooring system is developed and studied in this article.To ensure safety during platform movements,both the number of anchor chains and the relative motion between the two sub-platforms are reduced in the new hybrid mooring system.By performing numerical simulations based on three-dimensional potential flow theory in AQWA and physical experiments,the performances of both the new hybrid and traditional mooring systems under two different wave conditions(i.e.,working wave and freak wave conditions) are systematically investigated.Regarding the new hybrid mooring system,the relative stability between the two sub-platforms of the new system is better,and the platforms can restore stability faster when affected by freak waves.

Numerical Optimization by Finite Element Method of Stainless Steel/Glass-Epoxy Composite Bolted Joint under Tension and Compression

The aim of this study was to optimize the geometry and the design of metallic/composite single bolted joints subjected to tension-compression loading. For this purpose, it was necessary to evaluate the stress state in each component of the bolted join. The multi-material assembly was based on the principle of double lap bolted joint. It was composed of a symmetrical balanced woven glass-epoxy composite material plate fastened to two stainless sheets using a stainless pre-stressed bolt. In order to optimize the design and the geometry of the assembly, ten configurations were proposed and studied: a classical simple bolted joint, two joints with an insert (a BigHeadR insert and a stair one) embedded in the composite, two “waved” solutions, three symmetrical configurations composed of a succession of metallic and composites layers, without a sleeve, with one and with two sleeves, and two non-symmetrical constituted of metallic and composites layers associated with a stair-insert (one with a sleeve and one without). A tridimensional Finite Element Method (FEM) was used to model each configuration mentioned above. The FE models taked into account the different materials, the effects of contact between the different sheets of the assembly and the pre-stress in the bolt. The stress state was analyzed in the composite part. The concept of stress concentration factor was used in order to evaluate the stress increase in the highly stressed regions and to compare the ten configurations studied. For this purpose, three stress concentration factors were defined: one for a monotonic loading in tension, another for a monotonic loading in compression, and the third for a tension-compression cyclic loading. The results of the FEM computations showed that the use of alternative metallic and composite layers associated with two sleeves gived low values of stress concentration factors, smaller than 1.4. In this case, there was no contact between the bolt and the composite part and the most stressed region was not the vicinity of the hole but the end of the longest layers of the metallic inserts.

Low Complexity Joint Hybrid Precoding for Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems

In millimeter wave(mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) systems, hybrid precoding has been widely used to overcome the severe propagation loss. In order to improve the spectrum efficiency with low complexity, we propose a joint hybrid precoding algorithm for single-user mmWave MIMO systems in this paper. By using the concept of equivalent channel, the proposed algorithm skillfully utilizes the idea of alternating optimization to complete the design of RF precoder and combiner. Then, the baseband precoder and combiner are computed by calculating the singular value decomposition of the equivalent channel. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve satisfactory performance with quite low complexity. Moreover, we investigate the effects of quantization on the analog components and find that the proposed scheme is effective even with coarse quantization.

Effect Mechanisms of Hygrothermal Environments on Failure of Single-Lap and Double-Lap CFRP-Aluminum Bolted Joints

The high demands for load-carrying capability and structural efficiency of composite-metal bolted joints trigger in-depth investigations on failure mechanisms of the joints in hygrothermal environments.However,few studies have been presented to exhaustively reveal hygrothermal effects on the failure of CFRP-metal bolted joints,which differ from CFRP-CFRP or metal-metal bolted joints because of the remarkably different material properties of CFRPs and metals.In this paper,hygrothermal effects on tensile failures of single-lap and double-lap CFRP-aluminum bolted joints were experimentally and numerically investigated.A novel numerical model,in which a hygrothermal-included progressive damage model of composites was established and elastic-plastic models of metals were built,was proposed to predict the failures of the CFRP-metal bolted joints in hygrothermal environments and validated by corresponding experiments.Different failure mechanisms of single-lap and double-lap CFRP-aluminum bolted joints,under 23°C/Dry and 70°C/Wet conditions,were revealed,respectively.It follows that both the collapse failures of the single-lap and double-lap bolted joints were dominated by the bearing failure of the CFRP hole laminate in the two conditions,indicating that the hygrothermal environment did not change the macro failure modes of the joints.However,the hygrothermal environment considerably shortened the damage propagation processes and reduced the strength of the joints.Besides,the hygrothermal environment weakened the load-transfer capability of the single-lap joint more severely than the double-lap joint because it aggravated the secondary bending effects of the single-lap joint obviously.

Dimensioning of Punctiform Metal-Composite Joints: A Section-Force Related Failure Criterion

Reliable line production processes and simulation tools play a central role for the structural integration of thermoplastic composites in advanced lightweight constructions. Provided that material-adapted joining technologies are available, they can be applied in heavy-duty multi-material designs (MMD). A load-adapted approach was implemented into the new fully automatic and fault-tolerant thermo mechanical flow drill joining (FDJ) concept. With this method it is possible to manufacture reproducible high strength FRP/metal-joints within short cycle times and without use of extra joining elements for the first time. The analysis of FDJ joints requires a simplified model of the joint to enable efficient numerical simulations. The present work introduces a strategy in modeling a finite-element based analogous-approach for FDJ-joints with glass fiber reinforced polypropylene and high-strength steel. Combined with a newly developed section-force related failure criterion, it is possible to predict the fundamental failure behavior in multi-axial stress states. The functionality of the holistic approach is illustrated by a demonstrator that represents a part of a car body-in-white structure. The comparison of simulated and experimentally determined failure loads proves the applicability for several combined load cases.

Numerical analysis of temperature profile and weld dimensions in laser ＋ GMAW hybrid welding of aluminum alloy T-joint

The temperature fields in the transient state and weld dimensions in laser ＋ gas metal arc welding （GMAW） hybrid welding of aluminum alloy T-joint for different welding conditions were calculated using the developed heat source model, and the effect of welding speed on them was analyzed. The results show that the temperature field for the first weld pass only shows the feature of GMAW and the one for the second weld pass has the characteristics of both laser welding and GMAW. Welding speed can affect greatly weld dimensions and temperature distribution. When welding speed reaches 3.5 m/min, the fusion zones of two weld passes are separated and the maximum peak temperature of thermal cycle on the workpiece surface decreases largely.

Research review on steel–concrete composite joint of railway hybrid girder cable-stayed bridges

Purpose–This study aims to research the development trend,research status,research results and existing problems of the steel–concrete composite joint of railway long-span hybrid girder cable-stayed bridge.Design/methodology/approach–Based on the investigation and analysis of the development history,structure form,structural parameters,stress characteristics,shear connector stress state,force transmission mechanism,and fatigue performance,aiming at the steel–concrete composite joint of railway long-span hybrid girder cable-stayed bridge,the development trend,research status,research results and existing problems are expounded.Findings–The shear-compression composite joint has become the main form in practice,featuring shortened length and simplified structure.The length of composite joints between 1.5 and 3.0 m has no significant effect on the stress and force transmission laws of the main girder.The reasonable thickness of the bearing plate is 40–70 mm.The calculation theory and simplified calculation formula of the overall bearing capacity,the nonuniformity and distribution laws of the shear connector,the force transferring ratio of steel and concrete components,the fatigue failure mechanism and structural parameters effects are the focus of the research study.Originality/value–This study puts forward some suggestions and prospects for the structural design and theoretical research of the steel–concrete composite joint of railway long-span hybrid girder cable-stayed bridge.

基于舱外航天服头盔面窗透明件的边缘复合连接技术研究

舱外航天服头盔为多层面窗结构,压力防护是其首要的防护功能,面窗与金属盔壳之间的连接方式是关键。基于舱外服头盔面窗为聚碳酸酯基材、非规则曲面、端口弧线闭合、薄壁透明等结构特点,提出了一种聚碳酸酯面窗透明件的边缘复合连接方式,并开展了结构设计、仿真分析、原理样机研制、试验验证等工作,研究结果表明:该复合连接结构稳定可靠,性能满足应用要求。

配筋PVA-钢混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料梁柱边节点抗震性能试验研究

改善工程材料韧性和耐久性,提高框架梁柱节点抵抗变形和破坏的能力,是提高框架结构抗震韧性的有效途径之一。采用PVA-钢混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料代替普通混凝土应用到梁柱边节点,考虑轴压比和加密区体积配箍率的影响,设计6个配筋PVA-钢混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料、1个配筋单掺PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料和1个钢筋混凝土梁柱边节点试件进行拟静力试验,分析其破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性、耗能能力、钢筋应变和梁端塑性铰区转角,探讨混杂纤维的加入对梁柱边节点抗震性能的影响。结果表明:与钢筋混凝土节点和单掺PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料节点相比,PVA-钢混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料节点的承载力高、变形能力大、延性好、耗能能力强,抗震性能显著提升。当试验轴压比从0.12增加到0.24,梁端塑性铰区产生一定的外移,塑性性能发挥更充分,同时试件的变形能力、延性、耗能能力增加。在加密区体积配箍率减小的情况下,试件仍表现出良好的抗震性能。

酸性环境下粘接剂对异质压印接头剥离强度的影响

为探究酸性环境下粘接剂对异质压印接头剥离强度的影响,以热轧双相钢DP590和AA5052作为原材料,以0.02 mol·L^(-1)的NaHSO_(3)溶液作为腐蚀液,对异质压印接头(压印接头)和粘接-压印接头(粘-压复合接头)进行了干湿周浸交替腐蚀试验,通过静力学试验、微观失效断口以及能谱分析研究了接头在酸性环境下的静力学性能和失效机理。结果表明:粘接剂的使用显著提高了接头的最大失效载荷,粘-压复合接头的承载能力较压印接头提高了56.3%。粘接剂的使用对接头的失效形式未产生影响,在腐蚀时间为0 h时,压印接头和粘-压复合接头的失效形式均为内锁拉脱失效,但随着腐蚀的进行,失效形式逐渐转变为颈部断裂失效。粘-压复合接头上板的微观断口形貌均表现为韧窝状,下板拉伸失效部位的划痕逐渐加深。酸性腐蚀环境下压印接头搭接区域表面元素特征较粘-压复合接头变化明显,表明粘接剂的使用对压印接头起到了一定的保护作用。

铝合金T型接头激光+GMAW复合焊残余应力数值分析

目的研究激光+GMAW复合焊中不同激光功率参数对铝合金T型接头残余应力的影响,从而提高焊接性能。方法分别考虑了热弹塑性理论、传热学以及T型接头几何特性,建立了铝合金T型接头激光+电弧复合焊残余应力的数值分析模型。采用双椭球体热源模型表征电弧热输入与熔滴晗,采用锥体热源模型对激光深熔焊进行描述。基于所建立的T型接头模型,使用ANSYS有限元软件对12 mm厚铝合金激光+GMAW焊T型接头残余应力进行模拟计算,并研究其分布特征;使用X射线衍射法对T型接头处的残余应力进行测量从而对所建模型的准确性进行验证。同时,对比了不同激光功率下铝合金T型接头对残余应力的影响规律。结果当激光功率分别为2、3、4、5 kW时,铝合金T型接头路径L3上的纵向残余应力最大值分别为270、263、258、251 MPa,米塞斯-等效应力最大值分别为265、261、257、250 MPa。结论后焊的焊缝A对焊缝B有明显的热处理作用,使应力明显降低;在T型接头焊缝及近缝区,横向残余应力和厚度方向残余应力峰值均比纵向残余应力峰值小,且随着激光功率的增大,焊缝及近缝区拉应力峰值不断减小。

机理模型与集成学习混合驱动的机器人关节摩擦建模方法

机器人一体化关节广泛应用于医疗、协作机器人等领域,其摩擦特性是影响机器人性能的关键因素.为此,提出了一种机理模型与集成学习混合驱动的机器人关节摩擦建模方法,以提高模型精度.首先,综合考虑转速、负载等关节摩擦特性的影响因素及其周期波动特性,基于先验知识和物理分析分别建立了伺服电机与谐波减速器的参数化机理模型,描述摩擦特性的变化规律.然后,针对机理建模中因线性假设、忽略高阶项等产生的非线性残差,提出了基于eXtreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)的残差补偿模型建模方法,通过采用Boosting集成学习策略,提高残差补偿模型的泛化能力.同时,采用贝叶斯优化方法进行XGBoost模型的超参数寻优,以提高模型精度和训练效率.相比于传统的参数化机理模型,本文所提出的混合驱动模型具有更高精度.与反向传播神经网络、支持向量机、长短时记忆神经网络等多种典型方法的对比实验表明,本文所提出的基于XGBoost的残差补偿模型具有更强的特征提取能力,能够较好地预测强非线性的波动摩擦残差,有效地提高了整体模型的精度.

T型接头旋转激光+GMAW复合焊熔池动态行为数值分析模型

目的研究T型接头旋转光纤激光+GMAW复合焊熔池的温度场和流态特征,揭示气孔缺陷的产生及抑制机理。方法依据光学、电磁学、传热学及流体动力学机理,建立T型接头旋转光纤激光+GMAW复合焊熔池数值分析模型。使用Fluent软件对旋转频率分别为50 Hz和100 Hz的T型接头旋转激光+GMAW复合焊进行温度场以及流态特征的模拟,对比不同频率下T型接头横、纵截面,从工艺和焊缝成形角度出发,针对不同频率对熔池、小孔成形以及气孔抑制的影响进行讨论。结果当旋转频率为50 Hz时,纵截面内小孔最大深度为5.4 mm,横截面熔池内小孔开口直径相对较大,旋转一周后,小孔远离气泡,气泡无法逸出,形成气孔;当旋转频率为100 Hz时,纵截面内小孔深度显著降低,熔池体积明显减小,横截面内小孔最大开口直径和深度均降低,熔池尺寸也有所减小,在时间为0.097 s时,小孔上方区域出现的顺时针涡流不仅能抑制气孔,还能改善熔池的下垂以及立板焊趾处的咬边。结论随着旋转频率的增大,小孔的最大开口直径和深度均降低,还对熔池具有搅拌作用,使熔池体积变小。

钢塔-组合塔混合结构结合部承载性能试验研究

针对新型钢塔-组合塔混合结构结合部构造,开展了局部缩尺模型轴压试验,并建立了非线性有限元模型与试验结果进行比较。研究了钢塔-组合塔结合部的极限承载力以及破坏形式,探究了钢板应变分布规律和焊钉受力分布规律,并对传力路径和荷载分担比例进行了变参数分析。研究结果表明:新型钢塔-组合塔混合结构结合部的承载力符合设计要求;结合部的破坏形式表现为承压板下方钢壁板达到屈服并发生鼓曲变形;承压板为结合部的核心传力构件,增大板厚可以提高结合部承载力以及承压板所传递的荷载,其厚度宜与外壁钢板厚度相近;焊钉和开孔板连接件是保证结合部钢和混凝土共同受力的关键构造,在钢壁板屈服前以受竖向剪力为主,在钢壁板屈服后以受拉拔力为主。

型钢混合连接装配式混凝土剪力墙结构受力机理研究

结合钢筋混凝土结构和钢结构的优势,设计一种型钢-螺栓-后浇混凝土装配式剪力墙型钢混合连接。基于ABAQUS有限元软件建立混合连接的剪力墙模型,探究低周往复荷载作用下该混合连接预制剪力墙的受力性能,主要分析模型的破坏形态、受力机制、变形曲线、特征承载力等,并扩展分析了材料强度、轴压比、连接件数量、型钢截面高度等参数对模型受力性能影响。结果表明:装配式剪力墙破坏形态为压弯破坏,破坏时钢连接件仍保持完整,符合“强连接,弱墙肢”的基本设计理念;装配式剪力墙具有较好的承载力、延性和刚度;轴压比对结构承载力影响显著,型钢混合连接间距的增大能有效提升剪力墙延性。建立了型钢混合连接抗剪需求承载力计算模型和公式,并与国内外规范计算值对比分析,公式计算值和BS EN 1992欧洲规范计算值分别与模拟值的误差在15%和20%以内,均可用于型钢混合连接剪力墙竖缝受剪承载力设计参考。

混联机器人关节间隙误差建模及其定位精度可靠性分析

机器人末端定位精度可靠性是衡量其精度性能的重要指标,关节间隙是影响机器人定位精度的主要因素之一,建立准确的机器人定位精度误差模型是进行可靠性分析的前提。为探究空间关节间隙的随机不确定性对含有闭链机构混联机器人定位误差的影响规律,本文运用旋量理论和D-H参数法,提出一种考虑关节间隙的混联机器人定位精度误差模型;根据关节间隙模型参数的约束条件,量化间隙模型参数的不确定性,建立混联机器人定位精度的可靠性模型;采用双变量降维方法和鞍点近似方法,拟合机器人单坐标定位误差的概率密度函数,实现混联机器人定位精度高效可靠性分析。以含有平行四边形闭链机构的建筑机器人为例,验证所提模型的准确性和工程适用性,结果表明所提方法对比于传统的蒙特卡洛方法极大地提高了效率。

作业车间调度的多工序精确联动邻域结构混合进化算法

针对作业车间调度问题,以最小化最大完工时间为优化目标,提出一种基于多工序精确联动邻域结构的混合进化算法。从理论上给出了关键块中工序无效移动的判定条件,据此设计了3对工序精确联动的邻域结构。为避免算法过早收敛,引入基于邻域惩罚的交叉父本匹配选择算子与基于动态惩罚阈值的种群更新策略。通过与其他先进算法在车间调度问题基准算例上进行对比实验,验证了所提算法的有效性与稳定性。

混合梁斜拉桥微膨胀UHPC灌注钢混结合段的时变效应

为明确微膨胀超高性能混凝土(Ultra-High-Performance Concrete,UHPC)灌注材料的收缩徐变对混合梁斜拉桥钢混结合段长期性能的影响,以湖北武穴长江公路大桥为工程背景,开展材性试验与结构反应实测。基于一种全桥杆系+局部空间网格的多尺度有限元建模方法,对不同灌注材料收缩徐变下钢混结合段的时变效应进行分析研究。研究结果表明:实桥所采用的微膨胀UHPC在测试龄期内膨胀应变呈现出先增后减且始终保持膨胀的趋势,在约5 d龄期时达到最大膨胀应变292.6με,至1 080 d时为83.8με;徐变系数在前50 d龄期内增长较快,至1 080 d时为1.63。灌注材料的收缩可在结合段内部产生显著的次应力,表现为内填混凝土的拉应力和钢格室的压应力;徐变则会导致混凝土应力松弛而使一部分恒载压应力向钢结构转移。运营20 a后,钢混结合段内填普通混凝土存在较高的开裂风险。未作收缩控制的普通UHPC虽亦出现拉应力,但未超过其抗拉强度,抗裂安全系数仍可达到1.5以上。而微膨胀UHPC处于受压状态,不存在开裂问题。微膨胀UHPC的应用,既可改善内填混凝土的抗裂性能,又有助于常规钢混结合段的结构优化,大幅减少材料用量和结构自重。

基于犹豫模糊混合云模型的航空装备保障系统效能评估

针对航空装备保障系统效能评估过程存在定性指标与定量指标共存、评价信息具有不确定性等问题,提出了一种基于犹豫模糊混合云模型的效能评估方法。根据语言变量的转换与正态云模型之间的混合规则,将犹豫模糊语言术语集转换为梯形云模型,并根据云模型的数字特征,提出了犹豫模糊语言术语集的犹豫度函数与标度函数,实现了对定性指标的量化,兼顾了评价信息的犹豫性、模糊性和随机性。利用区间层次分析法结合灰狼优化算法对效能评估指标体系进行权重赋值,确定系统效能等级。通过应用实例与方法比较表明:犹豫模糊混合云模型不仅评估结果可靠,而且能够识别系统的运行状态,发现系统建设的短板,为提高系统效能提供重要的参考意见,更具有实用性。