Effect of neutral polymeric bonding agent on tensile mechanical properties and damage evolution of NEPE propellant

Introducing Neutral Polymeric bonding agents(NPBA) into the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether(NEPE)propellant could improve the adhesion between filler/matrix interface, thereby contributing to the development of new generations of the NEPE propellant with better mechanical properties. Therefore,understanding the effects of NPBA on the deformation and damage evolution of the NEPE propellant is fundamental to material design and applications. This paper studies the uniaxial tensile and stress relaxation responses of the NEPE propellant with different amounts of NPBA. The damage evolution in terms of interface debonding is further investigated using a cohesive-zone model(CZM). Experimental results show that the initial modulus and strength of the NEPE propellant increase with the increasing amount of NPBA while the elongation decreases. Meanwhile, the relaxation rate slows down and a higher long-term equilibrium modulus is reached. Experimental and numerical analyses indicate that interface debonding and crack propagation along filler-matrix interface are the dominant damage mechanism for the samples with a low amount of NPBA, while damage localization and crack advancement through the matrix are predominant for the ones with a high amount of NPBA. Finally, crosslinking density tests and simulation results also show that the effect of the bonding agent is interfacial rather than due to the overall crosslinking density change of the binder.

Properties of SiC Particulate Preforms Based on Different Pore-forming Agents and Bonding Methods for Making SiC/Al Composites

The preforms with high SiC volume fraction （〉50%） were successfully fabricated by two bonding methods. Moreover, the dimensional change, compressive strength, and microstructure of SiC preforms were investigated, and the bonding mechanism among SiC particulates in preforms was also discussed. Results show that, after heating to 1 100 ~C and holding for 2 h, a uniform and interconnected structure in the SiC preforms can be obtained by using starch, stearic acid, and graphite respectively as the pore-forming agents, which benefits the subsequent infiltration by the molten metals. More neck-like-jointing among SiC particulate by using graphite as the pore-forming agent improves the dimensional accuracy and compressive strength of the preform. Besides, the properties of the preforms by the binder bonding are better than those by the oxidation bonding, which is mainly because the mixed neck-like-jointing and binder at high temperature provide effective bonding together.

Characterization on Surface and Interfacial Properties of Nitramine Crystal Fillers and Polymeric Bonding Agents

The surface and interfacial properties of polymeric bonding agents and nitramine crystal fillers were studied. The surface free energy and adhesion work of polymeric bonding agents and nitramine fillers were calculated by using Kaeble′s equations. It was observed that the hydroxyl values of neutral polymeric bonding agents (NPBA) correlate well with the polar components of surface free energies. On the basis of the measurements of swelling ratio and initial modulus, the interfacial bonding through highly crosslinked polymeric shell formation around the nitramine particles and generating interfacial reinforcement were rationalized. The application of Tapping Mode AFM (atomic force micro scope) to observing the surface morphology of NPBA reveals that methyl acrylate monomer appears to play a role for aiding the formation of network like structure when nanometer scale images of NPBA are created.

Cytotoxicity of seven recent dentine bonding agents on mouse 3T3 fibroblast cells

Today it is generally accepted that most bonding agents are cytotoxic. In this study the relative cytotoxicity of seven recent dentine bonding agents on mouse 3T3 fibroblast cells were investigated. Materials and Methods. Near-confluent mouse 3T3 fibroblast cells were exposed to Dulbecco Modified Eagle’s Medium containing extractions from the seven different bonding agents. The cell survival rate was then determined using the standard MTT assay. Results. The cell survival rate ranking is: iBond (94%) < Gbond (78%) < Xeno V (71%) < Adper Easy Bond (63%) < Xeno V+ (61%) < Adper Scotchbond SE (33%) < XP Bond (32%). Part A of Adper Scotchbond SE had a survival rate of 35% and part B 38%. These two parts did not differ significantly. Adper Scotchbond SE and XP Bond do not differ significantly. While Xeno V+, Xeno V and Adper Easy Bond do not differ. (p < 5%;Tukey-Kramer Multiple-Comparison Test). Conclusion. All of the tested adhesive bonding agents were cytotoxic with survival rate of 3T3 cells between 94% to 31%. Of the 7 bonding agents tested iBond was found to be only slightly toxic and by far the least toxic. The two bonding agents (XP Bond and Adper Scotchbond SE) containing UDMA plus TEGDMA plus HEMA plus camphorquinone were found to be the most toxic.

Effects of water-aging for 6 months on the durability of a novel antimicrobial and protein-repellent dental bonding agent

Biofilms at the tooth-restoration bonded interface can produce acids and cause recurrent caries. Recurrent caries is a primary reason for restoration failures. The objectives of this study were to synthesize a novel bioactive dental bonding agent containing dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate(DMAHDM) and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine(MPC) to inhibit biofilm formation at the tooth-restoration margin and to investigate the effects of water-aging for 6 months on the dentin bond strength and protein-repellent and antibacterial durability. A protein-repellent agent(MPC) and antibacterial agent(DMAHDM) were added to a Scotchbond multi-purpose(SBMP) primer and adhesive. Specimens were stored in water at 37 °C for 1, 30, 90, or 180 days(d).At the end of each time period, the dentin bond strength and protein-repellent and antibacterial properties were evaluated. Protein attachment onto resin specimens was measured by the micro-bicinchoninic acid approach. A dental plaque microcosm biofilm model was used to test the biofilm response. The SBMP + MPC + DMAHDM group showed no decline in dentin bond strength after water-aging for 6 months, which was significantly higher than that of the control(P < 0.05). The SBMP + MPC + DMAHDM group had protein adhesion that was only 1/20 of that of the SBMP control(P < 0.05). Incorporation of MPC and DMAHDM into SBMP provided a synergistic effect on biofilm reduction. The antibacterial effect and resistance to protein adsorption exhibited no decrease from 1 to 180 d(P > 0.1). In conclusion, a bonding agent with MPC and DMAHDM achieved a durable dentin bond strength and long-term resistance to proteins and oral bacteria. The novel dental bonding agent is promising for applications in preventive and restorative dentistry to reduce biofilm formation at the tooth-restoration margin.

Investigation of the role of aziridine bonding agents on the aging of the composite solid rocket propellant(CSRP)

The role of bonding agents on the aging characteristics is one of the important research topics.Aging program of the prepared propellant samples was conducting as follows:Five samples,two free of bonding agents,and three containing an aziridine based bonding agents(MAPO,HX-752,MAT4),four samples based on different bonding and curing agents all were aged at 70 ℃.The prepared bonding agent "MAT4" gave remarkable improvements and resulted in highly stable mechanical properties comparing with HX-752 or MAPO.The selected bonding agents family inhibited the rate of decomposition of the propellants during the aging periods and supported the propellant matrix against decomposition at the elevated temperatures.

Anti-proteolytic capacity and bonding durability of proanthocyanidin-biomodified demineralized dentin matrix

Our previous studies showed that biomodification of demineralized dentin collagen with proanthocyanidin（PA） for a clinically practical duration improves the mechanical properties of the dentin matrix and the immediate resin–dentin bond strength. The present study sought to evaluate the ability of PA biomodification to reduce collagenase-induced biodegradation of demineralized dentin matrix and dentin/adhesive interfaces in a clinically relevant manner. The effects of collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity on PA-biomodified demineralized dentin matrix were analysed by hydroxyproline assay and gelatin zymography. Then, resin-/dentin-bonded specimens were prepared and challenged with bacterial collagenases. Dentin treated with 2% chlorhexidine and untreated dentin were used as a positive and negative control, respectively. Collagen biodegradation, the microtensile bond strengths of bonded specimens and the micromorphologies of the fractured interfaces were assessed. The results revealed that both collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity on demineralized dentin were notably inhibited in the PA-biomodified groups, irrespective of PA concentration and biomodification duration. When challenged with exogenous collagenases, PA-biomodified bonded specimens exhibited significantly less biodegradation and maintained higher bond strengths than the untreated control. These results suggest that PA biomodification was effective at inhibiting proteolytic activity on demineralized dentin matrix and at stabilizing the adhesive/dentin interface against enzymatic degradation, is a new concept that has the potential to improve bonding durability.

Influence of anodic oxide film structure on adhesive bonding performance of 5754 aluminum alloy

Three types of anodic films(unsealed,hot water sealed and agent sealed)were prepared to study the effects of anodic film structure on the adhesive bonding performance of AA5754 automotive sheets.The morphology of the anodic films was examined by using scanning electron microscope(SEM)and the composition was examined by glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy(GDOES).The adhesive bonding strength and the durability in corrosive environment were investigated by using single lap-hear test and salt spray test(SST),respectively.The results showed that the unsealed sample could provide high initial bonding strength,but the durability was poor in corrosive environment.The hot water sealed sample could provide high durability,but the bonding strength was low.In contrast,the agent sealed sample displayed porous structure at outer layer and partially plugged nano pores structure at inner layer,providing both excellent bonding strength and durability.

Chemical Bond Properties and Isomer Shifts of Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3O10

Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3O10 was reported to be a superconductor with a highest transition temperature of 125 K among the homologous series of Tl2Ba2Can-1CunO2n＋4. The direct information on the Cu ion site at the atomic level is important for elucidating the superconductivity mechanism. The local bond properties of Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3O10 were studied using the average band-gap model. The calculated results show that the covalency of Cu（1）-O bond is 0.561, and the average covalency of Cu（2）-O is 0.296. Mossbauer isomer shifts of 57Fe in Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3O10 were calculated using the chemical surrounding factor, defined by covalency and electronic polarizability. It is verified that for lower doping, Fe substitute the Cu at the Cu （1） site in forms of Fe^3＋ and Fe^4＋; for higher doping, Fe^3＋ and Fe^4＋ ion occupies Cu（1） and Cu（2） site respectively. The studies show that the determination of the correspondence between spectrum components and actual copper sites occupied by MSssbauer nucleus was made easier with the aid of the calculation results of the chemical bond parameters.

Effect of Silane Coupling Agent Concentration on Interfacial Properties of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Composites

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the concentration of silane coupling solution on the tensile strength of basalt fiber and the interfacial properties of basalt fiber reinforced polymer composites.The surface treatment of basalt fibers was carried out using an aqueous alcohol solution method.Basalt fibers were subjected to surface treatment with 3-Methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane at 0.5 wt.%,1 wt.%,2 wt.%,4 wt.%and 10 wt.%.The basalt monofilament tensile tests were carried out to investigate the variation in strength with the concentration of the silane coupling agent.The microdroplet test was performed to examine the effect of the concentration of the silane coupling agent on interfacial strength of basalt reinforced polymer composites.The film was formed on the surface of the basalt fiber treated silane coupling agent solution.The tensile strength of basalt fiber increased because the damaged fiber surface was repaired by the firm of silane coupling agent.The firm was effective in not only the surface protection of basalt fiber but also the improvement on the interfacial strength of fiber-matrix interface.However,the surface treatment using the high concentration silane coupling agent solution has an adverse effect on the mechanical properties of the composite materials,because of causing the degradation of the interfacial strength of the composite materials.

6-BA和PP_(333)对郁金香切花的保鲜研究

用3种不同保鲜液对郁金香品种摩力的切花保鲜效果及其花瓣中蛋白质、丙二醛含量及膜相对透性进行了研究,结果表明,不同保鲜液均能维持切花瓶插期间较高的保水能力,增大花径,使花茎挺直、延长花朵每天开放时间和盛开期天数.进一步试验表明,在切花瓶插期间,6-BA和PP333减缓花瓣中蛋白质的降解速度,降低花瓣膜相对透性和丙二醛上升的幅度,从而延长切花瓶插寿命.

温度对RDX/PET/NPBA推进剂药浆流变特性的影响

为获得温度对RDX／PET／NPBA推进剂药浆流变特性的影响，采用稳态和动态流变学方法测试了不同温度下RDX在硝酸酯增塑的PET黏合剂药浆中的黏度，研究了其流变特性随温度的变化规律。结果表明，当实验温度低于53℃时，RDX／PET／NPBA药浆黏度随温度的升高快速降低；高于53℃时，降幅变缓；当温度为57～60℃时，药浆黏度处于相对平稳状态。温度升高引起RDX／PET／NPBA药浆黏度的变化与黏合剂基体、RDX溶解度及RDX与键合剂作用三者之间均有关联。同时从RDX／PET／NPBA胶片实验结果得出，温度升高后胶片的力学性能提高，表明温度对键合剂的作用影响较大。

种衣剂用AMPS／VAc／BA三元共聚成膜剂的合成

采用乳液共聚法,以2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为亲水性阴离子单体、醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为疏水性酯类单体,合成了种衣剂用AMPS/VAc/BA三元共聚成膜剂。考察了AMPS、乳化剂和交联剂用量等对成膜剂性能的影响。研究结果表明,当W(复合乳化剂)=6%{其中m[乙氧基化壬基酚磺基琥珀酸半酯二钠盐(DNS-1035)]∶m[十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)]=3∶1)、W(交联剂0.5%N,N-亚甲基丙烯酰胺水溶液)=3%和W(阴离子单体AMPS)=8%且m(VAc)∶m(BA)=1∶1时,成膜剂的性能最佳。

NPBA在黑索金表面的吸附研究

建立了中性聚合物键合剂NPBA在RDX颗粒表面吸附的定量检测方法。实验结果表明,RDX对NPBA的吸附量随平衡吸附时NPBA在硝化甘油中的质量百分含量Ce增加而迅速增加,当Ce达到0.275%时出现一平台,此平台一直延伸到0.837%处,随后吸附量随Ce增加而继续缓慢增加;吸附理论研究分析表明,Ce较小时形成单分子层吸附,随Ce的增加,转化成多分子层吸附;BET多分子层吸附模型能对吸附等温线作出较好描述。

YBa_2Cu_3O_7的化学键性质和穆斯堡尔谱的研究

利用电介质的平均能带模型计算了YBa2 Cu3O7的化学键参数 ,得到Cu(1)—O键的平均共价性为 0 40 6,Cu(2 )—O键的平均共价性为0 2 76。应用化学环境因子计算了Fe :Y 12 3的穆斯堡尔同质异能位移 ,确定了5 7Fe在Y 12 3中的价态和占位情况。由电声子强度参数与共价性的关系说明了超导相中Cu(2 )

B_9和6-BA配合使用对唐菖蒲切花保鲜效果影响的研究

[目的]为提高唐菖蒲切花的保鲜效果提供理论依据及技术指导。[方法]以粉秀唐菖蒲品种为供试材料,通过对唐菖蒲寿命、观赏值、水分平衡值、鲜重变化率、花青素含量、花瓣质膜相对透性等指标的观测,探讨了B9和6-苄基嘌呤(6-BA)的不同组合对唐菖蒲切花保鲜效果的影响。[结果]各处理切花的瓶插寿命均明显长于CK,而添加6-BA和B9的处理其瓶插寿命与母液相比有较明显的延长。6-BA与B9间存在明显的交互作用。6-BA在增加唐菖蒲切花鲜重,改善切花体内的水分状况等方面的作用效果比B9要好。各保鲜剂处理均可抑制植物体内膜脂过氧化物丙二醛的产生,维持细胞膜结构的稳定性。各处理花青素含量随瓶插天数的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势。[结论]综合考虑,以4%蔗糖+300mg/L8-羟基喹啉+150mg/L硼酸+20mg/L6-BA+200mg/LB9的保鲜效果最佳,瓶插寿命达到22d。

BA-VAC共聚乳液胶及其对木材的冷胶合

通过对丙烯酸酯 醋酸乙烯酯共聚乳液胶合成工艺研究 ,分析讨论了各因素对乳液胶质量的影响 ,选择了最佳工艺条件 (聚合温度为 85℃ ,聚合时间 4h ,引发剂 0 4%～0 6 % )及木材冷胶合调制配方。结果表明 :该乳液胶使用方便 ,成膜性好 ,胶合适用范围广 ,对木材冷压胶合后的板材强度可达Ⅰ类胶合板要求 (>0 96 5MPa)。表 7参

键合剂对硝酸酯增塑BAMO-THF推进剂力学性能的影响

采用单向拉伸试验研究了2类键合剂对硝酸酯增塑BAMO-THF推进剂力学性能的影响,并用扫描电镜观察了不含键合剂和含有中性聚合物键合剂(NPBA)的硝酸酯增塑BAMO-THF推进剂切面微观形貌。结果表明,相比于MAPO、T-313、HX-752极性键合剂,中性键合剂使硝酸酯增塑BAMO-THF推进剂的最大抗拉强度和最大断裂伸长率明显提高;当4#NPBA的质量分数为0.15%时,推进剂最大抗拉强度和最大断裂伸长率均达到最大。

NPBA的水分散聚合研究

对适用于NEPE体系的中性聚合物键合剂(NPBA)进行了水分散聚合研究。以丙烯腈(AN)、丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEA)为共聚单体,合成了组成及相对分子质量可控的NPBA,并考察了各因素对聚合反应的影响。用乌氏黏度计测定产物的黏均相对分子质量,用乙酰化法测定了产物的羟基含量,元素分析仪分析了产物组成,并用IR对共聚物特征结构进行了表征。研究表明,最佳反应条件为:AN、HEA、聚乙烯醇、β-巯基乙醇、过硫酸钾、水的投料量分别为8、2、0.1、0.847、0.45、100 g,温度60℃,时间2 h,产率为82.0%,黏均相对分子质量为5200,其羟基含量为2.08 mmol/g。

Super-bond加金属舌面背板修复下前牙缺失的临床观察

目的:评价Super-Bond粘结剂加金属舌面背板修复下前牙缺失的临床效果。方法:应用Super-Bond粘结剂加铸造金属舌面背板修复下前牙缺失。结果:40例患者随访24个月。有效30例,显效8例,无效2例,有效率为95%。结论:该方法操作简便,牙体预备量小,修复美观效果好,对松动下前牙有固定作用并能有效恢复咀嚼功能。