Enhancement of Competitiveness of Border Trade Entrepreneurs: Case Study of Su-Ngai Kolok Checkpoint, Narathiwat Province

This research aimed to analyze the enhancement of competitiveness among fruit and vegetable export entrepreneurs,with the case study of the Su-ngai Kolok checkpoint in Narathiwat Province.This research focused on three objectives:(1)examining how competitiveness is enhanced through government support and the development of border trade zones,(2)studying the supply chain dynamics,including strategic factors and opportunities in agricultural product management,and(3)developing a model for border trade to strengthen exporters’capabilities.The research employed qualitative methods,with data collected from 25 informants through interviews and employed descriptive methods.The research results revealed that:(1)government agencies play a crucial role in improving competitiveness by developing border economic zones and trade policies;additionally,(2)the research highlighted the importance of strategic partnerships,network building,and efficient logistics along the value chain;(3)the proposed Border Trade Model includes elements for instance government policy,partnerships,entrepreneurial potential,and transportation channels,aiming to enhance the overall efficiency and effectiveness of vegetable and fruit exporters in the region.

BORDER TRADE BOOMS IN TIBET——An Interview With Director Benba

Benba,38,is Director ofthe BorderTrade Bureau of the TibetAutonomous Region.Born andbrought up in Xigaze,he talkedabout booming border trade in Tibet duringmy recent interview.

Towards a Harmonious Western China:A Critical Review on xibu dakaifa and the Border Trade

The development of Western China has strategic implications not only for China’s domestic politico-economic stability but also for the peace in the neighboring regions as well as for changing shifts of global power architecture.This paper intends to critically review current reality of economic development in Western China and the trend of border trade with the neighboring regions including Central Asia,Southeast Asia,and South Asia,while arguing that general trend of xibu dakaifa,Western China development program,has been uneven and asymmetric in a paradoxical way.It is necessary,thus,to search for a balanced development plan for Western China with a global outlook especially linking China to the Middle East via Central Asia and South Asia.

Red-Hot Sino-Russian Border Trade

IN the late 1990s, the Sino-Russian border in northeastern China which had been so silent for many years got busy in a hurry. In the border city of Suifenhe, with a population of only 40,000, and in Dongning County, with its population of 220,000, trains and vehicles drive by on the rails and the road day and night. The annual volume of goods crossing the border amounts to more than 6.5 million tons and the annual number of passengers passing through exceeds 2 million persons. Suifenhe and Dongning now rank

Trade Continues to Grow on China's Borders

Many locals in Dongxing still like to tell the story of what happened during the Spring Festival in 1989.Swarms of Vietnamese,oblivious of the border trenches left from the war in 1979 and the freezing Beilun River,simply decided to come into Dongxing for the day.

BORDER PORT MANZHOULI:URBAN FUNCTION AND SPACE DEVELOPMENT

Manzhouli is the largest land port city on the Sino-Russia border,transit cargo through the land port amount -ed to 5.95million tons,transit tour ists were 304500in 2000.It stands at the joint place of China,Mongolia an d Russi-a,faces to Siberia area of Russia,re ceives direct support from the North east China and Bohai Sea Rim Area,and possess-es priorities in geographical location,land port infrastructure,wate r resources,coal resources,touris t resources and great potentiality in economic coop eration with Russia.The future urban function is a key port on the First Eurasia Continen-tal Bridge.Manzhouli Port will keep its first place between China and Russia land transport,and it is forecasted that the transit amount through Manzhouli Port will go up to 10million tons in 2005and 20million tons in 2010.It will be construct-ed to be a trade center of the peripheral area extending to Russia and Mongolia,a key export-oriented processing industri-al zone supported by industries such as export processing industries,export agriculture,trade services,t echnology trad-ing and the other service industries.It keeps being a well-known touring city for trade,shopping,sightseeing,vocation,local food,recreation and cultural events.To build Manzhouli Export Pr ocessing Industry Zone will improve city econom-ic structure,and the main sectors are organic food processing,livestock products processing,garment and f urniture indus-try.Moreover,Manzhouli Export Pro cessing Industry Zone will eventually be upgraded to be a border free trad e zone.The city functional transition will inevitably affect urban spatial restructure and its expansion.The city space transforma-tion will develop as such:one develo pment axis of No.301highway paralle ling with Bin -Zhou(Harbin -Manzhouli)rail-way which cuts through central part o f Manzhouli City,and links Zhalainuoer District with central city;thre e urban units including central city,Zhalainuoer District and Manzhouli Interchange Trade Zone;cohesion with Aoerjin a nd Cuogang pastures;regional dual-nuclei str ucture of Hailaer City and Manhzouli City;and the Manzhouli-Zabaykalsk Free Trade Zone.

E-Trade时代传统跨境贸易人民币结算实例分析

进入21世纪,网络技术蓬勃发展,呈现出高效率、开放性、互动性、全球性、多元性、经济性与便捷性的特点,电子商务随之盛行,跨境电商兴起。近几年,虽然跨境电商发展速度很快,但是传统跨境贸易中国际货物贸易仍然占据着主要地位。传统跨境贸易中,货款结算是买卖双方最为关心的一个环节,使用哪种支付方式?电汇、托收和信用证究竟哪个更合适?如何选择支付货币?人民币跨境结算是否有利?借助中建材国际贸易有限公司跨境贸易实例,分析传统跨境贸易人民币跨境结算的益处,提出企业在运用人民币跨境结算时应注意的问题。

The use of renminbi for trade and non-trade denomination and settlement

The use of renminbi for invoicing and settlement intermediaries in foreign-oriented activities is the first step and footstone of internationalization of the Chinese currency. With the appreciation of renminbi in recent years, there has been a growth of renminbi invoicing and settlement in China’s border trades, although the overall amount is small and the development momentum is imbalanced among different regions. The main obstacles come from such factors as VAT rebate policy restrictions and foreign exchange control, insufficient financial services, and under-cultivated willingness among enterprises. Looking from the strategic perspective of strengthening macro-adjustment and enhancing the open economy, it is pressing and would be beneficial to China to promote the renminbi’s invoicing and settlement function. Therefore, following the momentum, we should accelerate the construction of a cross-border renminbi clearing system, create non-discriminative treatment in terms of VAT rebate and exchange control policies, and gradually expand the usage of the renminbi from border trades to general trades and outward investment.

CONCEPTION OF ESTABLISHING THE SINO-RUSSIAN BORDER FREE ECONOMIC REGION

So called free economic region is a special region without jurisdiction of customs, delimited by one country. There are mainly four types of free economic region, that is, commercial type of free economic region —free port, industrial type of free economic region — export processing area, integrated commercial and trade type of free economic region — free trade zone, and scientific and technological type of free economic region — scientific industrial park. With the development of free economic region of different countries, besides free economic region within one country, there appear transnational border free economic region established by two or multiple countries. Analysing favorable factors and unfavorable factors to establish the free economic region for China and Russia, for example, China and Russia have land boundary line of 4282.7 km; China and Russia may strengthen overall cooperation in politics, military, economy, science and technology, culture, etc. making full use of geographical factors of the two countries, borders; there is a strong complementarity in resources, labour force etc. for China and Russia; strengthening the Sino Russian economic trade cooperation is needed, the authors proposed a conception and selected four comparative ideal locations for establishing the Sino Russian border free economic region: Manzhouli Zabaikalye Free Economic Region, Heihe Blagoveshchensk Free Economic Region, Suifenhe Pogranichnyy Free Economic Region, Hunchun Hasan Free Economic Region. Finally the principles and patterns for establishing free economic region are discussed.

跨境服务贸易制度型开放:趋势、特征与策略

跨境服务贸易制度型开放的核心是立足中国实际,建立健全与国际高标准经贸规则相衔接的服务业开放制度体系,通过持续深化规则、规制、管理和标准的开放,提升服务贸易自由化和便利化水平。当前,我国以梯度开放为特征的跨境服务贸易自主开放实践,为服务业高质量发展提供了可预期的制度供给。然而,服务贸易高水平对外开放的规制需求、市场准入模式的国际差异以及日益严峻的外部环境,对我国跨境服务贸易制度型开放构成诸多挑战。需强化风险意识,结合改革经验和地方需求,顺应服务贸易数字化转型趋势,聚焦新一代国际服务贸易规则关键议题,关注服务贸易数字化趋势,持续加大现代服务业开放压力测试,提高国内监管透明度和可预期性;不断优化服务贸易开放谈判模式,有序推进跨境服务贸易高水平对外开放;善用国际舆论与法律工具,营造跨境服务贸易发展的良性制度环境。

PRESENT SITUATION，FEATURE AND DEVELOPMENTAL IDEAS OF BORDER OPENING IN XINJIANG

Xinjiang, the largest province region in China,is located in the northwest of China.There are eight countries,such as Kazakhstan etc.that surround around Xinjiang. There are long land border lines and many developable passes. Under the direction of total national development strategy of coastal and border opening, considering the advanced condition of location,the new spatial frontier trade pattern of 'multilevel and all-round position' has initially been formed.That is,to develop westwards market in Middle Asia,to enlarge southwards market in Pakistan and to open up northwards market in Mongolia.The great progress of border opening has been made in Xinjiang.At present, Xinjiang is catching the opportunity to adjust the industrial structure and regional allocation,enhance horizontal economic combination and cooperation,and strengthen the infrastructures construction.Therefore more solid material foundation ofborder opening will be formed for further enlarging.

RCEP协定下跨境电商对贸易影响的时间差异性研究

为了拓宽双循环渠道,打开外循环新思路,以中国与RCEP成员国在2010年至2021年间进出口面板数据结合中国跨境电商交易额建立VAR模型,研究跨境电子商务发展对我国进出口贸易的动态影响。结果表明,在长期,跨境电商的发展使得发展中国家与我国双边贸易弹性系数高于发达国家,跨境电商的发展有利于我国同发展中国家进行贸易往来;在短期,跨境电商的发展对中国与韩国等部分国家的进出口存在逐渐增强的正向影响;跨境电商的发展对我国与多国贸易存在双向动态交互关系。

On the Cross-border E-commerce Development Strategy in the Context of the Belt and Road Initiative

As the "Internet +" action plan proceeds, e-commerce further integrates traditional sectors and increasingly promotes development. In the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, Chinese cross-border e-commerce, through channel expansion and market share increase, is taking the lead in trade and investment development, and facilitating labor division & coordination, resource & product sharing, as well as opening new markets. To promote the long-term economic development of countries along the Belt and Road, a series of development strategies have been designed, which concern constructing an "online silk road" for cross-border e-commerce, building new trade passages and bridges, innovating traditional trade models, and gathering a trade development momentum.

阿拉山口口岸开放特征分析及对策建议

阿拉山口口岸位于我国新疆博尔塔拉蒙古自治州境内,是第二亚欧大陆桥中国段的西桥头堡,是我国向西开放的重要门户。本文先从自然资源和政策扶持两个角度,探讨了阿拉山口口岸开放的优势和机遇。其次,从口岸能力、综合保税区、中欧班列和外贸新模式等几个方面对阿拉山口口岸的开放特征进行分析。进一步地,研究得出目前阿拉山口口岸在政策落地实施、产业发展不平衡以及人才储备等方面存在不足。未来阿拉山口地区应该利用现有的政策红利,积极推动数字口岸建设、多功能物流基地建设和现代化产业链建设,以促进口岸从“通道经济”向“产业经济”的转型,有力带动博州以及周边地区的经济发展。

“一带一路”贸易便利化的十年进展、问题分析与推进路径

共建“一带一路”走过了蓬勃十年,它不仅是中国新时代扩大对外开放的总抓手,而且为国际社会提供了重要合作平台。贸易畅通是共建“一带一路”的核心任务之一,贸易便利化对推动“一带一路”贸易畅通至关重要。在共建“一带一路”十周年之际,本文从商签自贸协定、加强海关合作、交通互联互通、发展贸易新业态四个方面,系统总结十年来“一带一路”贸易便利化的历程与进展,剖析当前存在的问题,探讨进一步提升贸易便利化水平的路径。

统筹视角下的《海南跨境服务贸易负面清单》:问题及完善

《海南跨境服务贸易负面清单》的制定和实施是贯彻和落实习近平总书记关于统筹国内法治与涉外法治论述的重要体现。在统筹视角下,该清单既呈现对标国际高标准经贸规则的开放性,又反映海南自由贸易港先行先试高水平开放我国跨境服务市场的试验性。在此意义上,现有文本注重开放和安全两个维度,但仍存在诸多可以改进的空间:一方面,该清单在形式上与国际经贸协定负面清单的格式编排不同,服务分类也不同于通用标准;另一方面,该清单“说明”部分的兜底条款存在过多不确定性,且模式四规制范围不清,可能削弱清单实际内容的可预见性,从而引起跨境服务提供者的关切并影响该清单的实际效果。在改进该清单文本和据此完善其他区域及全国版跨境服务贸易负面清单的过程中,宜在留有防范风险必要空间的基础上,对现有清单的格式、分类标准及兜底条款进行重新设计和安排,充分实现国内法治和涉外法治的统筹协调,并为我国加入CPTPP奠定服务市场高水平开放的良好基础。

四色问题与跨境贸易区块链去中心化设计研究

区块链技术的去中心化特征为解决商业生态中“缺乏信任”这一核心问题提出新思路,通过“四色猜想”,归纳出“4+1”跨境贸易区块链应用基本模式和扩展模式,并且采用平行进口实际场景对上述内容进行验证。结果表明,该模式不仅能够构建安全可信的跨境区块链数字机制,满足平行进口这一新型贸易业态要求,而且可以有效促进贸易便利,可以为区块链技术应用、跨境贸易机制设计提供一定参考。

RCEP背景下广西面向东盟的跨境电子商务高质量发展路径研究

广西是对接中国和东盟的“桥头堡”,同时东盟国家也是广西开展跨境电子商务的最重要贸易对象,RCEP背景下,东盟的跨境电子商务市场潜力愈发巨大。基于此,广西的跨境电子商务在新的营商环境中需进一步优化和完善,以实现高质量发展。当前,广西面向东盟的跨境电子商务存在部分RCEP成员电商普及程度较低,区域内跨境电子商务平台交易规则参差不齐、物流体系不完善、交易支付体系未对接、复合型人才短缺等问题。因此,本文建议从加强区域内深度合作、整合成熟电商平台资源、优化物流网络体系、完善交易支付体系、培养新型跨境电子商务人才及政策保障支持等方面促进广西面向东盟的跨境电子商务的高质量发展。

RTAs框架下跨境数据流动规则对数字服务贸易的影响研究

文章基于2010—2021年全球50个代表性经济体的双边数字服务出口数据,采用引力模型实证检验了跨境数据流动规则的贸易创造效应。结果表明:缔约国之间签订的RTAs中,跨境数据流动规则的承诺水平越高,双边数字服务贸易规模越大,贸易创造效应越显著;将跨境数据流动规则细分为数据流动规则、数据本地化规则和数据保护规则后发现,数据本地化条款对数字服务贸易的促进作用更强;相较于其他部门,跨境数据流动规则对金融服务的贸易促进作用更强;缔约国整体的经济自由度水平越高,跨境数据流动规则对数字服务贸易的促进效应越小;缔约国之间的数据监管环境差距越大,跨境数据流动规则越能促进双边数字服务贸易发展。机制检验结果表明:跨境数据流动规则能够通过降低贸易成本、缩短制度距离和扩大出口国的双向FDI规模促进数字服务贸易发展。研究结论证实了跨境数据流动规则产生的贸易创造效应,为我国有效制定数字服务贸易开放政策、积极参与全球数字治理提供了经验证据。