Source Text Borrowing in Summary of Integrated Writing

Integrated writing tasks,requiring writers to summarize source content and integrate their ideas or experience with those in the source text,are widely used in standardized tests of English proficiency.Integrated writing adds an element not found in traditional independent writing:the use of source text material.Recently,concern has been raised that over-reliance on source texts in integrated writing may lead to plagiarism as well as inaccurate assessment which calls for further investigation.Research on L2 students’writing using sources has broadened its focus from transgressive citing practices to stages of skill development in this complicated literacy,the successive challenges students face,and how instruction might be of benefit.Previous literature mainly focused on source use in academic writing and seldom considered summary writing in standardized tests,while summary strategy is particularly important in standardized tests,in which summary accounts for a significant part of the assessment criteria.Given that a series of previous literature have indicated that source text use,source texts,and prompts are associated with the quality of summary writing,this article reviews the source text borrowing in the summary of integrated writing to further explore the relationship between some variables and the quality of summary writing and therefore finds some research gaps in this field.

Study on "Borrowing Scenery under the Guidance of Emotion" in Chinese Landscape Architecture

One of the main theories of "borrowing scenery" which was "borrowing scenery under the guidance of emotion" was expounded from two aspects.And the second aspect was emphasized,that is,integrating social beauty into natural beauty so as to produce artistic beauty of landscape,and layer beauty was the main content manifested in Chinese landscape garden.

Geliable Lexical Borrowings in China English on the Internet

Lexical borrowing in China English is an important part of English localization.This paper,on the basis of the study of vogue lexical English expressions on the Internet,tries to describe and explain the characteristics of lexical borrowings in China English on the Internet.

STUDY ON THE INTERRELATION BETWEEN THE FOREIGN ELEMENTS AND THE NATIVE ELEMENT IN ENGLISH——English Borrowings from Chinese

This dissertaion will focus on the words English borrowed from Chinese to discuss the influence of Chinese culture on English. In the history of word borrowing, it is not until in the 18 th and 19th century that there was a flood of Chinese loanwords into English. Most of the words are nouns about custom,culture, and goods with Chinese characteristic. The Chinese loanwords set foot into English by the means of transliteration, Among all Chinese dialects Mandarin, Cantonese and Amoy contributed most to English. Other languages such as Japanese bridged the borrowing process,too.

Resource management with borrowing from reservation for cognitive networks

Resource reservation is an effective measure to ensure end-to-end quality of service （QoS）, however, the burstyness of the traffic makes the reservation idle some time, and forms a waste of re- sources. Based on the analysis of active queue management （AQM） of DiffServ network, we propose a resource management scheme, which allows borrowing resources from unused reservation, accord- ing to the characteristics and advantages of cognitive networks. First, some nodes reserve certain proportion capacity for some special services （for instance, some services pay additional money） to guarantee the priority of these applications. Then resources are assigned according to the different parameters of services. If the available resource can not meet the requirements of new services, real- time ones are admitted with higher priority and allow borrowing the unused reservation from other nodes appropriately. Simulations show that, the proposed scheme has good performance at network resource utilization, the admission rate of new aDolications and OoS of users.

A novel spectrum borrowing scheme in integrated 3G/WLAN networks

In the heterogeneous wireless networks of the next generation, a large number of different radio access technologies will be integrated into a common network. This paper considers optimizing the utilization of spectrum resource in heterogeneous environment consisting two different networks： wireless local area network （WLAN） and time division-synchronous code division multiple access （TD-SCDMA） network. An optimal joint spectrum borrowing scheme maximizing overall network revenue is proposed with quality of service （QoS） constraints over both the WLAN and the TD-SCDMA cellular networks. Simulation results illustrate that system revenue earned in the proposed joint spectrum borrowing scheme is significantly larger than the case when individual networks are optimized independently.

The Public Savings’ Relation With Borrowing Requirement and Financial Balances After Global Crisis in Turkey

In this study, we aim to determine public savings’ structural location in the analysis of effect levels that are related to public borrowing requirement to cope with the deviation of financial balances, especially after 2009 global crisis in Turkey. Public savings as a financial option take up an important place in the scope of expressed government budget balances related to public borrowing requirements which are increasingly located together with budget deficits. This fact especially is pertaining to investments and capital’s transfers that are subject to the public decision making process towards economic growth in the future in developing countries like Turkey. Therefore, increasing public savings’ limits appear on these countries as an inevitable financial phenomenon concerning the desired investments. Turkey, as a developing country, has faced two financial phenomenons that increase borrowing requirement terms that lead to intend financial balances that have generally deviated after 2009 financial crisis. Firstly, it’s increasing foreign debt burden and the public savings’ levels that have not been enough to cover all the proportion of foreign debt payments since 2009. Secondly, the effect level of global crisis on the exchange rates directly causes the deviation of national currency values as a meaningful important negative impact on budget balances that are aimed at together with the macroeconomic financial balances.

An Analysis of Lexical Borrowing From Languages： ＂Konglish＂

This paper analyzes English loan words in Korean language. English words and phrases are largely absorbed into Korean either out of filling lexical gap or at the whim of fashion. These words have been borrowed and adapted orthographically and become a part of Korean language. Some loan words have the same meaning or phonological features as their corresponding words, but some do not. The only real solution to the ＂false friends＂ is to be aware of them, to look out for them, and to learn them. Teachers of English need to raise learners＇ awareness of the existence of English-origin words in fheir mother tongues

A Study of Borrowing,Imitation and Creation in English-Chinese Translation:A Case Study of Translating“The Root Cause of Poverty”

Based on the translated version of“The Root Cause of Poverty”by Rutger Bregman on the Ted speech online platform,this research analyzes the application of direct borrowing,imitative translation and creative translation in English-Chinese translation.First,we believe the direct borrowing of a ready-made version is most ideal as it reveals the common ground both languages share when translating a source text.Next,it is preferable to imitate an already existing expression as similarity is reader-friendly.However,it is sometimes necessary to adopt creative translation to preserve differences to ensure that the meaning of the original language is accurately transmitted.

“Em”:Pragmatics Borrowing in Chinese Wechat Conversations:among Female University Students in China

The term“pragmatics borrowing”refers to a conscious use of foreign pragmatic marker within or between utterances.Distinctive pragmatics functions of using the“cross-linguistic”pragmatic markers in online conversations have become a research focus.In a sample of Wechat communication among university students,the English pragmatics marker“em”and its variations occurred frequently.By analyzing its spelling variations,placement,pragmatic meanings and functions,the study indicates that,besides using it as a hesitator,chat participants consciously use this foreign pragmatic marker as a buffer for later utterance,which is usually an apology or a request,to soften the intonation and give the addressee an impression of politeness.

Discussion on E-books and Library Borrowing Service

With the vigorous development of network information technology,e-book borrowing service came into being and showed a vigorous development trend.Therefore,in order to strengthen the service function,the library needs to gradually improve the e-book borrowing service,so as to provide readers with high-quality service content,so that the library can give full play to its function of disseminating scientific and cultural knowledge.Therefore,in this article research,we first discuss the main reading methods of e-books,then investigate the current reading situation of e-books and traditional paper books in the library,and then put forward corresponding development strategies to effectively promote the rapid development of the library and strengthen the level of e-book borrowing service.

AN OPTIMAL INVESTMENT/CONSUMPTION PROBLEM WITH HIGHER BORROWING RATE

In this paper, optimal investment and consumption decisions for an optimal choice problem in infinite horizon are considered, for an investor who has available a bank account and a stock whose price is a log normal diffusion. The bank pays at an interest rate r for any deposit, and takes at a larger rate r′ for any loan. As in the paper of Xu Wensheng and Chen Shuping in JAMS(B), where an analogous problem in finite horizon is studied, optimal strategies are obtained via Hamilton Jacobi Bellman (HJB) equation which is derived from dynamic programming principle. For the specific HARA case, i.e. U(t,c)=e -βt c 1-R 1-R , this paper gets the optimal consumption and optimal investment in the form ofc * t=β-Rw t\ and \ π * t=b-γRσ 2w twith γ:= max{ r, min{ r′,b-Rσ 2 }}, =(1-R)γ+(b-γ) 22Rσ 2]. This result coincides with the classical one under condition r′≡r.

An Integrated FCEM-AHP Approach for Borrower’s Satisfaction and Perception Analysis of Microfinance Institution

Themain objective of this paper is to present an integrated approach to evaluate the level of satisfaction of borrowers with the products and services of microfinance institutions(MFI)at different criterion levels.For this,the study adopts the concept of FCEM(Fuzzy Comprehensive EvaluationMethod)in concurrence with the AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process).In our day-to-day situation,the researchers have made many efforts to assess the impact of Microfinance on poverty reduction,but borrowers’satisfaction is always overlooked.Since the multiple factors impact the borrower’s satisfaction,each factor is made of different items.Thus,as the factors items increase,many uncertainties are created,and hence this will make the decisionmaking unsmooth or imprecise.To describe this,the FCEM method deals with the vagueness in the collection information phase.However,the AHP has been utilized to determine the objective weights of each factor.The presented integrated framework has been illustrated with a case study and presented their results.The study’s managerial benefit is also reported to address the situation.

Coinage in Akan Among Senior High School Students:A Case Study of Selected Schools in Ghana

The paper is entitled“Coinage in Akan Among Senior High School Students”.It aims to investigate coinage used by senior high school students.This paper also investigates other word formation processes involved in coined words and the reasons why the students use them in their everyday conversation.The collected data from direct elicitation and interviews were categorized into the types of coined words and analyzed in terms of their formation processes by using a method of analysis based on theories as proposed by Yule(1985),Potter(1975),O’Grady and Guzman(1996),and Gerber(1968).The findings show that there are 10 groups of word formation processes in this study.This paper presents a qualitative analysis of the findings of a sociolinguistic survey geared towards coinage as used by students of both Osei Tutu Senior High School and Bisease Community/Senior High School speech communities.It is also imperative to state that these two schools are located in typical Akan speaking communities.Osei Tutu Senior High School,situated in Akropong,in the Ashanti region of Ghana,is a single sex school(boys’school)and Bisease Community/Senior High School on the other hand is situated in Ajumako-Bisease in the central region.The latter is a mixed school.

从“快传”(RapidILL)和“立借”(Borrow Direct)看馆际互借与文献传递服务体系的发展

"快传"(RapidILL)与"立借"(Borrow Direct)分别代表文献传递与馆际互借的最佳实践,两者的共性主要体现在高度自动化和全面的质量控制,其核心是节约用户时间、增强用户粘性。我国馆际互借与文献传递服务体系今后的发展方向也主要体现在时间维度上,具体落实在节约用户时间、优化用户时间和提高用户的等待价值这三个方面。

印刷型图书的馆际互借新模式的介绍与分析

美国7所长春藤盟校联合开展了一项新的读者自助式馆际互借服务--Borrow Direct,它允许最 终用户利用网络直接向典藏馆发送印刷型图书的馆际互借申请,从而将馆际互借周期缩短到4天,满足率提升 到84％。本文对这一项目做了详细的介绍,并对其所代表的馆际互借发展的新趋势进行了分析。

Spatial Layout Art of Chinese Private Gardens

Private garden is one of the three major garden styles in China,the artistic achievements of which have devoted remarkable contributions to the development of global landscape architecture.Through studying the spatial layout of private gardens,the authors further analyzed three ways of landscape layouts,specifically,separated scenery,winding scenery and borrowed scenery.Concrete examples were taken to demonstrate the connotations and application skills of such three layouts,in order to benefit the inheritance and development of traditional Chinese garden art.

Borrow Direct:为馆际互借提速

文章介绍了美国研究图书馆组织推动的“Borrow Direct”跨图书馆图书借阅试点项目的目标与历史、服务内容与流程,并对该项目的特征与优势、所取得的成绩以及对我国馆际互借工作的可借鉴意义进行了分析。

A Comparative Study on English-Chinese Translation of The Borrowers from the Perspective of Skopos Theory

When translating children's literature, the characteristics of the target readers can not be neglected. However, in thetranslation of literary works in China, translation of children's literature in China has always been ignored. E-C translation practicein children's literature and the theoretical study are of imbalance. When it comes to the theoretical study of E-C translation of chil-dren's literature, it is far backward. Skopostheorie holds that the purpose of translation is the primary rule to be followed, and pro-vides children's literature translation with theory evidence. The Borrowers was introduced into China in 1990, highly appreciatedby readers. However, the related research in the translation of this book is poor. This paper takes Skopostheorie as the theoreticalframework and combines the characteristics of children's literature, discussing the different Chinese translation versions of the Brit-ish children's literature The Borrowers. This paper makes a comparative analysis on the advantages and disadvantages of differentChinese versions, and summarizes the methods of translating children's literature.

How New Words Are Formed

With the development of the society and culture, English vocabulary change rapidly. English has always been in a state of evolution. In recent years new words enter the English language at an increasing rate. This paper makes an attempt to analyze eight ways of new English word formation, creating, blending, shortening, functional shift, back- formation, affixation, compounding and borrowing — by presenting mainly English examples.