The diversity of the Braconidae subfamilies (Hymenoptera) in the protected landscape of the Natural Park of Sierra Calderona (Eastern Spain) is analysed. Samplings have been carried out along 2010 in three different h...The diversity of the Braconidae subfamilies (Hymenoptera) in the protected landscape of the Natural Park of Sierra Calderona (Eastern Spain) is analysed. Samplings have been carried out along 2010 in three different habitats: almond crop, Oak forest (Quercus suber L.) and Pine forest (Pinus halepensis Miller). In total, 2166 braconid specimens, belonging to 23 subfamilies, have been captured. Alpha, beta and gamma diversities are analysed. As a result, almond crop habitat is proven to show the greatest diversity. The structure of the community and the phenology in each habitat are also analysed.展开更多
The genus Indabracon van Achterberg, 1993 was discovered in China, and one new species （I. bicolor sp. nov.） of this genus is fully described and illustrated in the present paper. A key to the species of the genus i...The genus Indabracon van Achterberg, 1993 was discovered in China, and one new species （I. bicolor sp. nov.） of this genus is fully described and illustrated in the present paper. A key to the species of the genus is provided. The new species is similar to the Indian species I. trimaculatus （Cameron, 1900） structurally, but differs for example by： basal half of pterostigma yellow; apical half dark brown; smooth postero-lateral area of the third tergite rather small; propodeum with belt of setae dorsally and lamelliform carinae posteriorly; ovipositor sheath approximately 0.60 times the forewing, somewhat longer than metasoma; the first tergite surface distinctly carinate and rugose, especially in its medial area and laterally. The type specimens are deposited in the Beneficial Insects Lab, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture ＆ Forestry University, China.展开更多
The stylet penetration behavior of aphids when feeding on plants is associated with virus acquisition and inoculation.Aphidius gifuensis (Ashmead)is a primary endoparasitoid of Myzuspersicae (Sulzer)which is the most ...The stylet penetration behavior of aphids when feeding on plants is associated with virus acquisition and inoculation.Aphidius gifuensis (Ashmead)is a primary endoparasitoid of Myzuspersicae (Sulzer)which is the most efficient vector of plant viruses. Information about the effects ofparasitoid on aphid and virus transmission can provide an essential foundation for designing effective biological control strategies.This study aimed to investigate the effects ofA.gifuensis on the feeding behavior and potato virus Y (PVY) transmission ability of M.persicae.The results showed that after M.persicae was para-sitized by A.gifuensis,the duration of the first probe significantly decreased.Additionally, A.gifuensis exerted remarkable effects on aphid feeding in phloem ingestion.The contribution of the E1 waveform to the phloem phase was significantly higher in all parasitized aphids than in the control group.Although the time of infestation increased for parasitized aphids,the total duration of phloem sap ingestion decreased.Interestingly,the percentage of time M.persicae spent in the xylem and phloem phases only changed significantly on day 5.The percent transmission of PVY by the aphids parasitized on day 5 was lower than that in the control,but no significant differences were detected.The significance of this work is the demonstration that A.gifuensis can impede the feeding behavior of M.persicae,which sheds light on the biological basis ofA.gifuensis as a natural enemy, but unfortunately does not provide an immediate solution for disrupting the transmission of PVY.展开更多
文摘The diversity of the Braconidae subfamilies (Hymenoptera) in the protected landscape of the Natural Park of Sierra Calderona (Eastern Spain) is analysed. Samplings have been carried out along 2010 in three different habitats: almond crop, Oak forest (Quercus suber L.) and Pine forest (Pinus halepensis Miller). In total, 2166 braconid specimens, belonging to 23 subfamilies, have been captured. Alpha, beta and gamma diversities are analysed. As a result, almond crop habitat is proven to show the greatest diversity. The structure of the community and the phenology in each habitat are also analysed.
文摘The genus Indabracon van Achterberg, 1993 was discovered in China, and one new species （I. bicolor sp. nov.） of this genus is fully described and illustrated in the present paper. A key to the species of the genus is provided. The new species is similar to the Indian species I. trimaculatus （Cameron, 1900） structurally, but differs for example by： basal half of pterostigma yellow; apical half dark brown; smooth postero-lateral area of the third tergite rather small; propodeum with belt of setae dorsally and lamelliform carinae posteriorly; ovipositor sheath approximately 0.60 times the forewing, somewhat longer than metasoma; the first tergite surface distinctly carinate and rugose, especially in its medial area and laterally. The type specimens are deposited in the Beneficial Insects Lab, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture ＆ Forestry University, China.
文摘The stylet penetration behavior of aphids when feeding on plants is associated with virus acquisition and inoculation.Aphidius gifuensis (Ashmead)is a primary endoparasitoid of Myzuspersicae (Sulzer)which is the most efficient vector of plant viruses. Information about the effects ofparasitoid on aphid and virus transmission can provide an essential foundation for designing effective biological control strategies.This study aimed to investigate the effects ofA.gifuensis on the feeding behavior and potato virus Y (PVY) transmission ability of M.persicae.The results showed that after M.persicae was para-sitized by A.gifuensis,the duration of the first probe significantly decreased.Additionally, A.gifuensis exerted remarkable effects on aphid feeding in phloem ingestion.The contribution of the E1 waveform to the phloem phase was significantly higher in all parasitized aphids than in the control group.Although the time of infestation increased for parasitized aphids,the total duration of phloem sap ingestion decreased.Interestingly,the percentage of time M.persicae spent in the xylem and phloem phases only changed significantly on day 5.The percent transmission of PVY by the aphids parasitized on day 5 was lower than that in the control,but no significant differences were detected.The significance of this work is the demonstration that A.gifuensis can impede the feeding behavior of M.persicae,which sheds light on the biological basis ofA.gifuensis as a natural enemy, but unfortunately does not provide an immediate solution for disrupting the transmission of PVY.
