Objective:The bulb of Albuca bracteata Jacq.,and Albuca setosa commonly used in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa for the treatment of several types of disease conditions including diabetes,was investigated for th...Objective:The bulb of Albuca bracteata Jacq.,and Albuca setosa commonly used in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa for the treatment of several types of disease conditions including diabetes,was investigated for their phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities.Methods:The antioxidant activity was determined by evaluating the effect of various solvent extracts(acetone,methanol,ethanol and water) on 2,2 – diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) scavenging activity,2,20– azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt(ABTS),ferric reducing power,hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide scavenging activity while the various extracts were also analysed for phytochemical their contents.Results:The results obtained indicate that polyphenols,proanthocyanidins,saponins and alkaloids are present in higher concentrations.The composition of phenols(117 mg/g),flavonols(26.28 mg/g),proanthocyanidins(84.85 mg/g) and flavonoids(5.36 mg/g) were significantly higher in the acetone extract while saponin and alkaloids contents were higher in the aqueous extract.Antioxidant studies of the extracts for nitric oxide,hydrogen peroxide,ABTS and DPPH showed high antioxidant potential in a concentration-dependent manner that was not significantly different from Vitamin C,BHT and Rutin used as standard references.The methanol extract showed higher ferric reducing potential compared to the aqueous extract but was significantly different from Vitamin C,BHT and Rutin.Conclusion:This implies that the bulb of Albuca bracteata may serve as a natural source of antioxidants,which together with the numerous phytochemicals present,could account for its folkloric use as a medicinal plant.展开更多
Chromosome studies and soluble protein profiles, fractionated by reducing and non-reducing SDS-PAGE, were carried out in dioecious Trichosanthes bracteata. Somatic chromosome no. 2n = 22 was recorded in both sexes. Th...Chromosome studies and soluble protein profiles, fractionated by reducing and non-reducing SDS-PAGE, were carried out in dioecious Trichosanthes bracteata. Somatic chromosome no. 2n = 22 was recorded in both sexes. The karyotype of male and female plant shows high homogeneity and the absence of any heteromorphic pair of chromosomes negates the possibility of XY mechanism. Soluble protein profiles from the tuberous roots of the male and female plants, fractionated by reducing SDS-PAGE, did not show any qualitative distinction. Whereas the protein profile in non-reducing SDS-PAGE reveals a clear distinction when compared on a single gel. The difference is marked by the presence of a disulphide linked tertiary or folded protein at 19 k D region detected in male sex. However, at the level of primary structure the qualitative expression is similar indicating a common ancestry.展开更多
The flavonoid 4’,5,7-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone (farresol) and 3’,4’,-4trihydroxy chalcone (isoliquiritigenin) together with triterpenoid (friedelin) were isolated from the aerial parts of P. bracteata. The s...The flavonoid 4’,5,7-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone (farresol) and 3’,4’,-4trihydroxy chalcone (isoliquiritigenin) together with triterpenoid (friedelin) were isolated from the aerial parts of P. bracteata. The structure of these compounds was determined on the basis of spectroscopic data including UV, IR, 1-D and 2-D, NMR and mass spectral analysis. This is the first report on the occurrence of these compounds in this plant.展开更多
This study examines the ability of Mucuna bracteata DC. to remediate soil contaminated with increasing levels of crude oil up to 20%. It also investigates the effect of fertilizer application on crude oil degradation....This study examines the ability of Mucuna bracteata DC. to remediate soil contaminated with increasing levels of crude oil up to 20%. It also investigates the effect of fertilizer application on crude oil degradation. Changes in crude oil concentrations, pH and moisture of the soil in eight experimental pots were tracked over a period of 9 weeks. The crude oil levels in soil were analysed as Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The study revealed the capacity of Mucuna bracteata to phytoremediate soil contaminated with crude oil in all experimental pots though the plant died at 20% contamination towards the end of the experiment. The plant survived up to 15% contamination with that in the fertilized pot showing better physiological conditions. In all instances, fertilized pots showed higher rates of crude oil reduction. The amounts of crude oil degraded in fertilized pots were also higher except at 20% contamination. The soil pH varied over a narrow range throughout the experimental period. Moisture of soil contaminated with 15% and 20% crude oil was higher than that contaminated with 5% and 10% crude oil. Mucuna bracteata showed signs of phytoextraction which can be subject to further study. This study contributed a new candidate of phytoremediation for soil contaminated with high level of crude oil.展开更多
基金Govan Mbeki Research Development Council(GMRDC),University of Fort Hare(Grant No.C228)National Research Foundation(NRF)(Grant No.95187)both of South Africa for funding this work
文摘Objective:The bulb of Albuca bracteata Jacq.,and Albuca setosa commonly used in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa for the treatment of several types of disease conditions including diabetes,was investigated for their phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities.Methods:The antioxidant activity was determined by evaluating the effect of various solvent extracts(acetone,methanol,ethanol and water) on 2,2 – diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) scavenging activity,2,20– azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt(ABTS),ferric reducing power,hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide scavenging activity while the various extracts were also analysed for phytochemical their contents.Results:The results obtained indicate that polyphenols,proanthocyanidins,saponins and alkaloids are present in higher concentrations.The composition of phenols(117 mg/g),flavonols(26.28 mg/g),proanthocyanidins(84.85 mg/g) and flavonoids(5.36 mg/g) were significantly higher in the acetone extract while saponin and alkaloids contents were higher in the aqueous extract.Antioxidant studies of the extracts for nitric oxide,hydrogen peroxide,ABTS and DPPH showed high antioxidant potential in a concentration-dependent manner that was not significantly different from Vitamin C,BHT and Rutin used as standard references.The methanol extract showed higher ferric reducing potential compared to the aqueous extract but was significantly different from Vitamin C,BHT and Rutin.Conclusion:This implies that the bulb of Albuca bracteata may serve as a natural source of antioxidants,which together with the numerous phytochemicals present,could account for its folkloric use as a medicinal plant.
文摘Chromosome studies and soluble protein profiles, fractionated by reducing and non-reducing SDS-PAGE, were carried out in dioecious Trichosanthes bracteata. Somatic chromosome no. 2n = 22 was recorded in both sexes. The karyotype of male and female plant shows high homogeneity and the absence of any heteromorphic pair of chromosomes negates the possibility of XY mechanism. Soluble protein profiles from the tuberous roots of the male and female plants, fractionated by reducing SDS-PAGE, did not show any qualitative distinction. Whereas the protein profile in non-reducing SDS-PAGE reveals a clear distinction when compared on a single gel. The difference is marked by the presence of a disulphide linked tertiary or folded protein at 19 k D region detected in male sex. However, at the level of primary structure the qualitative expression is similar indicating a common ancestry.
文摘The flavonoid 4’,5,7-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone (farresol) and 3’,4’,-4trihydroxy chalcone (isoliquiritigenin) together with triterpenoid (friedelin) were isolated from the aerial parts of P. bracteata. The structure of these compounds was determined on the basis of spectroscopic data including UV, IR, 1-D and 2-D, NMR and mass spectral analysis. This is the first report on the occurrence of these compounds in this plant.
文摘This study examines the ability of Mucuna bracteata DC. to remediate soil contaminated with increasing levels of crude oil up to 20%. It also investigates the effect of fertilizer application on crude oil degradation. Changes in crude oil concentrations, pH and moisture of the soil in eight experimental pots were tracked over a period of 9 weeks. The crude oil levels in soil were analysed as Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The study revealed the capacity of Mucuna bracteata to phytoremediate soil contaminated with crude oil in all experimental pots though the plant died at 20% contamination towards the end of the experiment. The plant survived up to 15% contamination with that in the fertilized pot showing better physiological conditions. In all instances, fertilized pots showed higher rates of crude oil reduction. The amounts of crude oil degraded in fertilized pots were also higher except at 20% contamination. The soil pH varied over a narrow range throughout the experimental period. Moisture of soil contaminated with 15% and 20% crude oil was higher than that contaminated with 5% and 10% crude oil. Mucuna bracteata showed signs of phytoextraction which can be subject to further study. This study contributed a new candidate of phytoremediation for soil contaminated with high level of crude oil.
