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Preliminary notes on brain weight variation across labrid fish species with different levels of cooperative behaviour 被引量:1
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作者 Marta C. SOARES Goncalo I. ANDRE Jose R. PAULA 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第2期274-280,共7页
Brain size and weight vary tremendously in the animal kingdom. It has been suggested that brain structural develop- ment must evolve balanced between the advantages of dealing with greater social challenges mad the en... Brain size and weight vary tremendously in the animal kingdom. It has been suggested that brain structural develop- ment must evolve balanced between the advantages of dealing with greater social challenges mad the energetic costs of maintain- ing and developing larger brains. Here we ask if interspecific differences in cooperative behaviour (i.e. cleaning behaviour) are related to brain weight variations in four close-related species of Labrid fish: two are obligatory cleanerfish throughout their en- tire life (Labroides dimidiatus and L. bicolor), one facultative cleaner fish Labropsis australis and one last species that never en- gage in cleaning Labrichthys unilineatus. We first search for the link between the rate of species' cooperation and its relative brain weight, and finally, if the degree of social complexity and cooperation are reflected in the weight of its major brain sub- structures. Overall, no differences were found in relative brain weight (in relation to body weight) across species. Fine-scale dif- ferences were solely demonstrated for the facultative cleaner L. australis, at the brainstem level. Furthermore, data visual exami- nation indicates that the average cerebellum and brainstem weights appear to be larger for L. dimidiatus. Because variation was solely found at specific brain areas (such as cerebellum and brainstem) and not for the whole brain weight values, it suggests that species social-ecological and cognitive demands may be directly contributing to a selective investment in relevant brain areas. This study provides first preliminary evidence that links potential differences in cognitive ability in cooperative behaviour to how these may mediate the evolution of brain structural development in non-mammal vertebrate groups . 展开更多
关键词 brain weight Body weight Macro-area weight Labridae COOPERATION Cleaning behaviour
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Study on Perfume Stimulating Olfaction with Volatile Oil of Acorus Gramineus for Treatment of the Alzheimer’s Disease Rat 被引量:3
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作者 刘智斌 牛文民 +2 位作者 杨晓航 王渊 王卫刚 《Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第4期283-287,共5页
Objective:To probe into the therapeutic efect of perfume stimulating olfaction with volatile oil of Acorus Gramineus on the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) rat. Methods: Totally 50 adult SD rats, male,weighing 300±10 g... Objective:To probe into the therapeutic efect of perfume stimulating olfaction with volatile oil of Acorus Gramineus on the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) rat. Methods: Totally 50 adult SD rats, male,weighing 300±10 g, were randomly divided into 5 groups, normal group (group A), olfactory nerve severing model group (group B), AD model group (group C), AD model plus perfume stimulation group (group D), AD model olfactory nerve severing plus perfume stimulation group (group E), 10 rats in each group. After perfume stimulation, Morris maze test was conducted for valuating the learning and memory ability; Malondaldehyde (MDA) content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in the brain, and the brain weight were detected. Results: Compared with the AD model group,the average escape latency and swimming distance in 6 days were significantly shorter than those in the group A, B, D (P<0.01), with no significant differences between the group C and the group E (P>0.05); Compared with the group A, B and D, MDA content in the group C significantly increased (P<0.01), and SOD and GSH-Px activities significantly decreased (P<0.01), and brain weight/body weight decreased significantly in the group C (P<0.01), with no significant differences between the group C and the group E (P>0.05). Conclusion: Perfume stimultating olfaction with volatile oil of Acorus Gramineus can significantly increase the learning-memory ability, decrease MDA content and increase SOD and GSH-Px activities and weight of brain in AD rats. 展开更多
关键词 Alzheimer's disease OLFACTION learning and memory brain weight MDA SOD GSH-PX volatile oil of Acorus Gramineus
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