Didactic Sequences as an Educational Product to Facilitate Teaching-Learning Processes in Lato Sensu Graduate Courses in the Area of Health Management in Primary Care

Teaching strategies can be considered as techniques that are constructed to be used with the objective of promoting teaching and learning in the classroom, so that the teacher is considered a mentor, as he is the one who selects, analyzes, studies, organizes, builds and proposes the most classic tools to facilitate the learning process [1]. This study is an experience report related to the construction of an educational product that consists of the elaboration of pedagogical strategies, characterized by five didactic sequences in the perspective of collaborating with teaching-learning processes in lato sensu graduate courses. The themes that are part of the didactic sequences were built based on the results obtained in scientific research carried out during the development of the strict sensu postgraduate course in Teaching in Health and Technology, which involved: the work of coordinators who work in the field of health management in Primary Care, situations that challenge the management of Primary Care and the potentialities of work in the management of Primary Care. The didactic sequences have fun teaching strategies that provide meaningful learning for a future qualified professional performance. These sequences involve the use of active methodologies and the use of digital tools. The educational product developed seeks to promote benefits that can collaborate with the improvement of Primary Care Management and teaching-learning processes in the training of health professionals. Therefore, the pedagogical strategies, as well as its entire construction process, were developed through the collaboration of professors of the Health and Society discipline at the State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas (UNCISAL), seeking to make it qualify for effective construction of knowledge and that promote its wide use in the academic environment.

Managements of Special Health Care Needs Patients from Dental Assistant Point

The main role of this article is to describe dental assistants and the dental department’s role in the dental delivery system for Special health care needs (SCHN) by creating a structure to educate the dental assisting profession and project factors that have a significant impact on the dental assistant. The dental assisting management of SCHN patient’s profession including dental Assistance general responsibilities, regulation credentialing, and education. The SCHN patient’s management creates a challenge in all area of the dental department. Handling patient with a SCHN is underexplored throughout the dental staff especially when there is not enough theoretical foundation, education and training to deal with this category of patients. SCHN patients are defined as individuals who have abnormal behavioral impairments, mental conditions or/and chronic disease or abnormal laboratory results. Thus, the aim of this article is to guide all dental assistance staff in the best dental management choice for SCHN patients. All health care teams are part of patient care in most medical settings. A work environment supportive ensures positive outcomes for patient care. This article was considered as those categories of patients required more care and special way to deal with, moreover language, age, gender and education level of the patient are also considered significant parries. Not Many studies were found to support the care of SCHN patients in dentistry department. Taking experience from other area help to design a system to handle the SCHN even if it requires hiring a Dentist who is specialized in that filed.

The Management of Mental Health, and Service Networks in Italy

Madness has attracted and frightened for centuries,and talking about this means discussing how this diversity was built and managed in different social contexts and historical periods.Not all societies have had,and still have,the same relationship with madness.It is only with the affirmation of the Modern State,and of Capitalism,that the idea of“normality”indispensable to be able to conceive diversity as something dangerously distant and different from the norm takes over.In our post-modern society,people with mental illness in Italy can resort to specialists and social-health services.But the heterogeneous answers given after the approval of law 180 appear to be increasingly diversified.In this research,much attention will be paid to how the social and health services,located in different areas of Italy(Messina,Rome,Trento)face the current growing risk of social,housing and economic isolation of these fragile subjects.The aim of the research is to explore the possibility of a new relationship between the social-health service and the local community.On the one hand,research investigates what the contribution of the services could be.On the other what the spaces of protagonism and participation of the community could be in inclusion process account.In order to better understand the differences between these two dimensions,a qualitative research approach was chosen through the conduct of in-depth interviews.In this way it was possible to investigate:(1)the partial representations characteristic of the single individual,family members,operators and stackholders in general;(2)the services around the topic dealt with is articulated.From the first results of the research it emerges that the territory can no longer be considered as an abstract entity,but becomes the social space within which the construction of a new community welfare can and must take place.

U. S. Academic Medical Centers Under the Managed Health Care Environment

This research investigates the impact of managed health care on academic medical centers in the United States. Academic medical centers hold a unique position in the U. S. health care system through their missions of conducting cutting-edge biomedical researeh, pursuing clinical and technological innovations, Providing state-of-the-art medical care and producing highly qUalified health professionals. However, policies to control costs through the use of managed care and limiting resources are detrimental to academic medical centers and impede the advancement of medical sciTo survive the threats of managed care in the health care environment, acadendc medical centers must rely on their upper level managers to derive successful strategies. The methods used in this study include qualitative approaches in the form of key informants and case studies. In addition, a survey questionnaire was sent to 1h8 CEOs in all the academic medical centers in the U. S. The findings revealed that managers who perform the liaison, monitor, entrepreneur and resource allocator roles are crucial to ensure the survival of academic medical centers, so that academic medical centers can continue their missions to serve the general public and promote their well-being.

Applying healthcare failure mode and effect analysis to patient pain management in the anesthesia recovery period

Objective： To standardize pain management in the anesthesia recovery period and improve the effects of analgesia on acute postoperative pain. Methods： Using healthcare failure mode and effect analysis （HFMEA）, we analyzed the primary cause of patients＇ pain and subsequently determined the process and risk priority number （RPN）. Results： Actions were taken to improve patients＇ pain. After using HFMEA, the experimental group＇s visual analog scale （VAS） scores were lower than those of the control group at 1 h and at discharge from the post-anesthetic intensive care unit （PAICU）. The differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： The application of failure mode and effect analysis can relieve pain and improve the quality of nursing.

Earthquake planning and crisis management with an emphasis on the facilities, utilities, and services of the health care centers of Tiran and Karvan County, Isfahan Province, Iran: A case study

Objective: To study earthquake planning and crisis management with an emphasis on the facilities, utilities, and services of the health care centers of Tiran and Karvan County, Isfahan Province. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical survey based on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Tiran and Karvan County Health Care Centers(HCCs). Twenty quantitative and qualitative indicators were derived from the studied HCCs and analyzed using the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis technique. The top crisis management strategies were identified and a number of strategies and solutions were proposed. Results: The HCC utilities such as water, electricity, gas, and heating and cooling systems were in average condition, whereas the facilities of the majority of HCCs were in vulnerable-to-average condition. In addition, they sustained relatively high degree of instability which calls for reassessment and effective policies to minimize weaknesses and eliminate threats using strengths and opportunities. Conclusions: It is recommended that the condition of Tiran and Karvan County HCCs be enhanced by distributing new HCCs based on the population density, expanding the road network and creating vast, wide-open spaces to enable field hospital construction in times of crisis.

Role Expectation of Nurse Managers in Geriatric Health Services Facilities

Back ground: The characteristics of geriatric health services facilities (GHSF) in Japan include provision of care focused on the life of the residents, and there is a need for cooperation between care workers and physical therapists responsible for the care. Thus, it is expected that a nurse manager occupies specific roles suited for the above characteristics that are different from those of medical facilities. Thus, we aimed to clarify the role expected of nurse managers via a questionnaire survey administered to nurses and care workers in GHSF. Methods: We used a descriptive, cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in 56 GHSF all over Japan. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire. The questionnaires consisted of 35 items for determining role expectation of nurse managers, the background information of respondents. The role of nurse managers was analyzed using principal factor analysis (promax rotation). Findings: A total of 259 nurses and care workers participated in this study. We extracted 34 items by factor analysis, which were classified into three factors (promotion of home nursing, management of medical care, and environment creation for collaboration and education). Among care workers, four factors consisting of 33 items were extracted. Factors one, two, and three were similar to those of nurses;“intervention to ethical problem” was extracted as the additional fourth factor. Conclusion: The roles required for nurse managers in GHSF are the promotion of home nursing, which is the original role of the health services facilities, exhibition of the specialty as a healthcare professional, creation of a work environment that promotes mutual understanding for collaboration with other professionals, and enhancement of the education and training system.

Primary Healthcare System of Pakistan: Challenges to Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes

This review article is aimed at describing the primary healthcare system of Pakistan and its challenges in the face of epidemic of type 2 diabetes, focusing particularly on the middle-aged population of rural area of Pakistan. The main concern in Pakistan is that its middle-aged population is facing the onslaught of obesity and overweight due to lack of physical activity. In addition unhealthy eating habits making it more difficult for this population to control their weight. All these factors are contributing to a high risk of type 2 diabetes for the population of Pakistan. This article provides insight into the primary health care system of Pakistan and highlights its deficiencies by identifying that its primary healthcare system has a poor utilization of health care services, the poor accessibility to health system and poor management of diabetes by the healthcare system, gender disparity and inequity in the health care system. The primary objective of this study is to provide an overview of self-management of diabetes among the middle-aged population of Pakistan and to identify the overall deficiencies in the primary healthcare system, its delivery and access to the system, barriers to self-management of diabetes and quality of life in that region.

Model of Healthcare-Associated Infection Control in Primary Health Care Institutions:A Structural Equation Modeling

The purpose of this study was to construct the model of organization system,managemcnt,training and surveillance in healthcare-associated infection prevention and control(IC)of primary health care institutions and identify its efleet on patient safety and decreasing economic burden by standardizing IC.A cross-sectional survey was conducted with questionnaires.Data were collected from 268 primary health care institutions in Hubei province,China.Hypotheses on the model of IC were analyzed by means of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.The results showed that the fit indices of the hypothesized model of IC satisfied recommended levels:root mean square error of approximation(RMSEA)=0.071;comparative fit index(CFI)=0.965;tucker lewis index(TLI)=0.956:weighted root mean square residual(WRMR)=1.014.The model showed that organization system had a direct effect on management(β=0.311.P<0.01),and training(β=0.365,P<0.01).Management and training played an intermediary role that partially promoted organization system impact on surveillance.Results also showed that institutional factors such as the number of physicians、the ninnber of nurses,the designated capacity of beds,the actual number of open beds and surgery trips had positive impacts on management(β=0.050,P<0.01;β=0.181,P<0.01;β-0.111.P<0.01;β=0.064,P<0.01;β=0.084,P=0.04);nd training(β=0.21,P=0.03;β=0.050,P=0.02;β=0.586.P=0.01;0=0.995,P=0.02;β=0.223.P=0.03).In conclusion.the model of organization system,managemcnt,training and surveillancc in IC of primary health care institutions is valuable tor guiding IC practice.

Leadership and Its Effect on Health Management

Leadership in health care focuses mainly on achieving the goal of effective health care delivery as a team under the guidance of another team member.Leadership in the health sector has become a key point in improving patient safety and health management as a whole.Delivering effective health care services to patients may be more efficient when health care professionals unite and act as a single body that is patient oriented.By developing a structure where leadership influences health management,the outcome of services rendered to patients is being greatly ameliorated.The Institute of Medicine(IOM)has outlined a number of actions which health care organizations need to implement in order to improve patient safety.The Baldrige National Quality Program also recognizes the importance of leaders and has stated the roles of leaders and what is expected of them in order to achieve excellence in health care.Leadership models are the fundamentals of leadership,which determine whether the objectives will be met as in the interest of the organization.This research was aimed to determine the impact of leadership on health management.This explores the characteristics of a leader,leadership styles that may be implemented,and their effect on outcome in a health care organization.

Performance Evaluation of Healthcare Monitoring System over Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

The wide diffusion of healthcare monitoring systems allows continuous patient to be remotely monitored and diagnosed by doctors. The problem of congestion, namely due to the uncontrolled increase of traffic with respect to the network capacity, is one of the most common phenomena affecting the reliability of transmission of information in any network. The aim of the paper is to build a realistic simulation environment for healthcare system including some of the main vital signs model, wireless sensor and mesh network protocols implementation. The simulator environment is an efficient mean to analyze and evaluate in a realistic scenario the healthcare system performance in terms of reliability and efficiency.

Identifying Where the Values Come from IT-Innovations in Health and Social Care

Studies aimed to capture the effects of IT-innovations in health and social care have shown that there is a gap between expected and factual outcomes. Many decision makers feel the need to articulate an ideal end-state for their organiza-tions. Striking the balance between novelty and believability of such an ideal end-state is often tricky and they become neither satisfied with the ideal not the visioning. In this study, we explore the contribution of IT-innovations to health and social care. The results showed that coherence between context and IT-innovation is important to capture effects and outcomes. Being coherent rather than visionary contributes to identify where you are, as an organization, and to capture effects and outcomes that “make sense” in the context in question. The paper makes an exposition from the model building, algorithm design to performance analysis and contributes to the academic prosperity in Intelligent In-formation Management The knowledge generated is expected to provide input when identifying goals that IT-investments are supposed to achieve.

The health care economic-industrial complex: Concepts and general characteristics

The strategic role of health care within the Brazilian development agenda has been increasingly recognized and institutionalized. Aside from its importance as a structural element of the Welfare State, health care plays a leading role in generating innovation. Despite this, the productive base of Brazil’s health care system is extremely fragile, jeopardizing both the universal provision of health care services and the country’s competitive insertion in the globalized environment. This suggests the need for a more systematic analysis of the complex relationships that exist between the technological and the social interests involved in the productive base of health care provision in Brazil. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to enhance our understanding of the productive base of health care, especially given its potential to contribute to a socially inclusive development model, which is the ultimate goal in Brazil.

基层医疗卫生机构以健康价值为导向的运行成就与效能研究

目的:分析健康价值导向下基层医疗卫生服务绩效评价指标体系的应用效果,评估基层医疗卫生机构以健康为中心的运营成就与效能。方法:选取杭州市X地区和台州市Y地区6家基层医疗卫生机构作为调查对象,采用综合指数法和数据包络分析测算基层医疗卫生机构健康产出的运行效能。结果:样本地区基层医疗卫生机构以健康价值为导向的整体运行成就平均得分为70.01分、整体运行效能为0.794,66.67%的基层医疗卫生机构存在着不同程度的医疗和预防资源投入冗余与健康产出不足。结论:基层医疗卫生机构以健康价值为导向的整体运行成就仍有较大提升空间,应增强基层健康管理能力,提升内在运行过程效能,实现健康产出效益最大化。

围生期抑郁信息化管理方案的构建与应用

目的 构建围生期抑郁信息化管理方案并应用于临床,降低孕产妇围生期抑郁的发生。方法 将375例孕产妇按照入院时间分为对照组185例与干预组190例。对照组实施常规干预;干预组汇总围生期抑郁管理的最佳证据,构建围生期抑郁管理方案,开发围生期抑郁信息化管理系统对孕产妇进行干预。干预前后比较两组抑郁评分、抑郁管理知信行评分及分娩结局。结果 对照组157例、干预组155例完成研究。干预组抑郁评分显著低于对照组,抑郁管理知识及行为评分显著高于对照组(均P<0.05),干预组自然分娩及纯母乳喂养率显著高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论 围生期抑郁信息化管理方案的应用可有效改善孕产妇围生期抑郁水平,从而改善分娩结局。

社区中医养生保健服务能力提升策略研究

社区卫生服务中心是提升中医药服务水平、满足多元化就医需求和推动中医药参与居民养生保健的重要载体。文章通过实地调查、实证分析的方法,在山东省烟台市、东营市开展社区中医养生保健服务能力的调查。发现居民对健康管理和中医养生保健服务的整体认知水平有待提升,但随着中医药特色服务与宣教的开展,居民对保健养生和慢性病治疗等服务的需求旺盛;社区卫生服务中心开展中医养生保健服务存在供需失衡的现象;居民对中医养生保健服务的满意度较高。文章从做好中医药文化宣传与推广、增加社区中医养生保健服务项目供给、培养中医养生保健服务技术技能人员等3个方面提出具体举措,为提升社区卫生服务中心中医养生保健服务能力提供参考建议。

互联网+微信群组健康教育对HDP患者产后自我管理能力及血压控制效果

目的:分析互联网+微信群组健康教育在妊娠期高血压(HDP)患者产后管理中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年4月-2023年3月于本院分娩的HDP患者92例,随机数字表法分为对照组46例(常规干预)和观察组46例(互联网+微信群组健康教育)。比较两组产后血压控制情况、自我管理能力、并发症发生情况及生活质量。结果:干预1、3个月时血压控制情况观察组(舒张压87.67±6.89、80.39±5.56,收缩压128.63±10.06、117.47±10.22)mmHg均优于对照组(91.36±8.66、84.37±7.61,133.54±11.29、124.26±10.66)mmHg,干预3个月时观察组自我管理行为测评量表情绪管理(22.56±3.68分)、饮食管理(36.34±2.41分)、用药管理(17.87±3.56分)、工作与休息管理(21.21±1.35分)评分及SF-36各维度评分均高于对照组高(20.44±4.45分、33.48±5.51分、16.38±2.44分、20.34±2.36分)(均P<0.05);干预期间观察组与对照组并发症发生率(2.2%、15.2%)未见差异(P>0.05)。结论:采用互联网+微信群组健康教育可增强HDP患者产后自我管理能力,有效控制血压,利于产后恢复与生活质量改善。

ICU护士对重型颅脑损伤患者目标体温管理知信行问卷的编制及信效度检验

目的编制ICU护士对重型颅脑损伤(severe traumatic brain injury,STBI)患者目标体温管理(target tem-perature management,TTM)知信行(knowledge,attitude and practice,KAP)问卷并检验其信效度。方法以知信行理论为框架,通过文献分析及小组讨论初步构建问卷条目池,再通过德尔菲法和预调查确定问卷初稿。采用便利抽样法,于2022年10月选取甘肃省4所医院240名ICU护士进行调查,进行问卷信效度检验。结果ICU护士对重型颅脑损伤患者目标体温管理知信行问卷共包含3个维度,32个条目。问卷整体内容效度指数为0.955,条目内容效度指数为0.800~1.000。探索性因子分析提取4个公因子,累积方差贡献率为58.889%,问卷整体Cronbach’sα系数为0.862,重测信度为0.890;知识、态度及行为维度的Cronbach’sα系数分别为0.713、0.925及0.924,重测信度分别为0.801、0.943及0.950。结论ICU护士对重型颅脑损伤患者目标体温管理知信行问卷具有良好的信效度,可作为ICU护士对重型颅脑损伤患者目标体温管理知信行水平的测评工具。

“岗课赛证”融通下的高职智慧健康养老服务与管理专业人才培养模式研究与实践

当前,我国养老服务产业进入新蓝海,为高职养老服务类专业提供了广阔的发展空间,但与用人需求相对应的是,高职智慧健康养老服务与管理专业发展还存在供需不匹配、岗课不对接、留存不理想、认同不到位等问题,通过推进“岗课赛证”综合育人改革,进一步优化顶层设计、深化产教融合、强化以赛促学、推行以证代评、健全体制机制,可为养老服务产业培养和输送大批高素质复合型技术技能人才。