Two-year field experiments were conducted at Linqing, Yellow River valley of China, to study the plant response to the removal of early fruiting branches in transgenic Bt （Bacillus thuringiensis） cotton （Gossypium ...Two-year field experiments were conducted at Linqing, Yellow River valley of China, to study the plant response to the removal of early fruiting branches in transgenic Bt （Bacillus thuringiensis） cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.） from 2003 to 2004. Plants were undamaged and treated by removing two basal fruiting branches （FB） at squaring to form the control and the removal treatment, respectively. The plant height, leaf area （LA）, dry weight of fruiting forms （DWFF）, the number of fruiting nodes （NFN）, photosynthetic （Pn） rate, and levels of leaf chlorophyll （Chl）, N, P, K, and Cry lAc protein in main- stem leaves were measured at a 10- or 20-d interval after FB removal, and the sink/source ratio as indicated by NFN/LA and DWFF/LA was determined. FB removal significantly increased the plant height, LA, and plant biomass in both years. Lint yields were increased 7.5 and 5.2% by removal compared with their controls in 2003 and 2004, respectively. Significant increases in boll size （5.7 and 5.1%） were also observed in removal than in control for both years. Either NFN/LA or DWFF/LA was significantly reduced by removal before 40 d after removal; however, both NFN/LA and DWFF/LA were significantly enhanced by FB removal at 80 d after removal compared to the untreated control. There was no significant difference in fiber quality in the first two harvests between removal and control, but fiber strength and micronarie in the third harvest were significantly improved by FB removal. In terms of leaf Chl, Pn rate, levels of total N, P, and K in late season, leaf senescence was considerably delayed by FB removal. Levels of CrylAc protein in the fully expanded young leaves were considerably higher in FB-excised plants than in control, indicating FB removal enhanced CrylAc expression. It is suggested that the yield and quality improvement with FB removal may be attributed to the increased NFN/LA or DWFF/LA in late season and delayed leaf senescence, respectively. FB removal can be a potential practice incorporated into the intensive cultivation system for enhancing transgenic Bt cotton production.展开更多
叶面积的大小可以对树木的生长和生命活动产生深远的影响,进而关系到树木生物量的变化和森林生态的发展趋势,叶面积的研究可以对树木的相关分析起到较为关键的作用。基于黑龙江省48株红松人工林解析木数据和排水法测定的叶面积数据,建...叶面积的大小可以对树木的生长和生命活动产生深远的影响,进而关系到树木生物量的变化和森林生态的发展趋势,叶面积的研究可以对树木的相关分析起到较为关键的作用。基于黑龙江省48株红松人工林解析木数据和排水法测定的叶面积数据,建立基础线性回归模型,后引入随机效应参数构建混合效应回归模型以提高拟合效果和预估精度。在加入树木层次的随机效应时,最终得到的最优混合效应模型含有3个随机效应参数,分别为枝条基径的对数(lnBD)、枝条长度的对数(lnSL)、树高的对数(lnHT)。该模型的R_(a)^(2)=0.86,平均绝对偏差M_(AE)=0.3428,均方根误差R_(MSE)=0.4841,统计指标较仅包含固定效应的基础线性模型均有较好的提高。综合分析得出该模型可以较好地对红松枝条叶面积大小进行描述。基于该模型计算红松树冠叶面积并得到混合效应预估模型,混合模型的R a 2=0.83,R_(MSE)=0.4429。通过检验结果可知该模型可以较好地对红松树冠叶面积进行预估计算,为日后该地区人工红松的经营提供良好的指导方向。展开更多
文摘Two-year field experiments were conducted at Linqing, Yellow River valley of China, to study the plant response to the removal of early fruiting branches in transgenic Bt （Bacillus thuringiensis） cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.） from 2003 to 2004. Plants were undamaged and treated by removing two basal fruiting branches （FB） at squaring to form the control and the removal treatment, respectively. The plant height, leaf area （LA）, dry weight of fruiting forms （DWFF）, the number of fruiting nodes （NFN）, photosynthetic （Pn） rate, and levels of leaf chlorophyll （Chl）, N, P, K, and Cry lAc protein in main- stem leaves were measured at a 10- or 20-d interval after FB removal, and the sink/source ratio as indicated by NFN/LA and DWFF/LA was determined. FB removal significantly increased the plant height, LA, and plant biomass in both years. Lint yields were increased 7.5 and 5.2% by removal compared with their controls in 2003 and 2004, respectively. Significant increases in boll size （5.7 and 5.1%） were also observed in removal than in control for both years. Either NFN/LA or DWFF/LA was significantly reduced by removal before 40 d after removal; however, both NFN/LA and DWFF/LA were significantly enhanced by FB removal at 80 d after removal compared to the untreated control. There was no significant difference in fiber quality in the first two harvests between removal and control, but fiber strength and micronarie in the third harvest were significantly improved by FB removal. In terms of leaf Chl, Pn rate, levels of total N, P, and K in late season, leaf senescence was considerably delayed by FB removal. Levels of CrylAc protein in the fully expanded young leaves were considerably higher in FB-excised plants than in control, indicating FB removal enhanced CrylAc expression. It is suggested that the yield and quality improvement with FB removal may be attributed to the increased NFN/LA or DWFF/LA in late season and delayed leaf senescence, respectively. FB removal can be a potential practice incorporated into the intensive cultivation system for enhancing transgenic Bt cotton production.
文摘叶面积的大小可以对树木的生长和生命活动产生深远的影响,进而关系到树木生物量的变化和森林生态的发展趋势,叶面积的研究可以对树木的相关分析起到较为关键的作用。基于黑龙江省48株红松人工林解析木数据和排水法测定的叶面积数据,建立基础线性回归模型,后引入随机效应参数构建混合效应回归模型以提高拟合效果和预估精度。在加入树木层次的随机效应时,最终得到的最优混合效应模型含有3个随机效应参数,分别为枝条基径的对数(lnBD)、枝条长度的对数(lnSL)、树高的对数(lnHT)。该模型的R_(a)^(2)=0.86,平均绝对偏差M_(AE)=0.3428,均方根误差R_(MSE)=0.4841,统计指标较仅包含固定效应的基础线性模型均有较好的提高。综合分析得出该模型可以较好地对红松枝条叶面积大小进行描述。基于该模型计算红松树冠叶面积并得到混合效应预估模型,混合模型的R a 2=0.83,R_(MSE)=0.4429。通过检验结果可知该模型可以较好地对红松树冠叶面积进行预估计算,为日后该地区人工红松的经营提供良好的指导方向。
