Early prediction of pathological outcomes to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients using automated breast ultrasound

Objective： Early assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy （NAC） for breast cancer allows therapy to be individualized. The optimal assessment method has not been established. We investigated the accuracy of automated breast ultrasound （ABUS） to predict pathological outcomes after NAC. Methods： A total of 290 breast cancer patients were eligible for this study. Tumor response after 2 cycles of chemotherapy was assessed using the product change of two largest perpendicular diameters （PC） or the longest diameter change （LDC）. PC and LDC were analyzed on the axial and the coronal planes respectively. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curves were used to evaluate overall performance of the prediction methods. Youden＇s indexes were calculated to select the optimal cut-off value for each method. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values （PPV and NPV） and the area under the ROC curve （AUC） were calculated accordingly.Results： ypT0/is was achieved in 42 patients （14.5%） while ypT0 was achieved in 30 patients （10.3%） after NAC. All four prediction methods （PC on axial planes, LDC on axial planes, PC on coronal planes and LDC on coronal planes） displayed high AUCs （all〉0.82）, with the highest of 0.89 [95% confidence interval （95% CI）, 0.83-0.95] when mid-treatment ＆BUS was used to predict final pathological complete remission （pCR）. High sensitivities （85.7%-88.1%） were observed across all four prediction methods while high specificities （81.5%-85.1%） were observed in two methods used PC. The optimal cut-off values defined by our data replicate the WHO and the RECIST criteria. Lower AUCs were observed when mid-treatment ABUS was used to predict poor pathological outcomes. Conclusions：ABUS is a useful tool in early evaluation of pCR after NAC while less reliable when predicting poor pathological outcomes.

Evaluation of menopausal status among breast cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea

Objective： In patients with chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea （CIA）, the menopausal status is ambiguous anddifficult to evaluate. This study aimed to establish a discriminative model to predict and classify the menopausalstatus of breast cancer patients with CIA.Methods： This is a single center hospital-based study from 2013 to 2016. The menopausal age distribution andaccumulated incidence rate of CIA are described. Multivariate models were adjusted for established and potentialconfounding factors including age, serum concentration of estradiol （E2） and follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）,feeding, pregnancy, parity, abortions, and body mass index （BMI）. The odds ratio （OR） and 95% confidenceinterval （95% CI） of different risk factors were estimated.Results： A total of 1,796 breast cancer patients were included in this study, among whom, 1,175 （65.42%） werepremenopausal patients and 621 （34.58%） were post-menopause patients. Five hundred and fifty patients wereincluded in CIA analysis, and a cumulative CIA rate of 81.64% was found in them. Age （OR： 1.856, 95% CI：1.732-1.990）, serum concentration of E2 （OR： 0.976, 95% CI： 0.972-0.980） and FSH （OR： 1.060, 95% CI：1.053-i.066）, and menarche age （OR： 1.074, 95% CI： 1.009-1.144） were found to be associated with the patients＇menopausal status. According to multivariate analysis, the discriminative model to predict the menopausal status isLogit （P）=-28.396＋0.536Age-0.014E2＋0.031FSH. The sensitivities for this model were higher than 85%, and itsspecificities were higher than 89%.Conclusions： The discriminative model obtained from this study for predicting menstrual state is important forpremenopausal patients with CIA. This model has high specificity and sensitivity and should be prudently used.

Photodynamic Therapy for Gynecological Diseases and Breast Cancer

Photodynamic therapy （PDT） is a minimally invasive and promising new method in cancer treatment. Cytotoxic reactive oxygen species （ROS） are generated by the tissueqocalized non-toxic sensitizer upon illumination and in the presence of oxygen. Thus, selective destruction of a targeted tumor may be achieved. Compared with traditional cancer treatment, PDI has advantages including higher selectivity and lower rate of toxicity. The high degree of selectivity of the proposed method was applied to cancer diagnosis using fluorescence. This article reviews previous studies done on PDT treatment and photodetection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, ovarian and breast cancer, and PDT application in treating non-cancer lesions. The article also highlights the clinical responses to PDT, and discusses the possibility of enhancing treatment efficacy by combination with immunotherapy and targeted therapy.

Evolution of breast cancer therapeutics: Breast tumour kinase's role in breast cancer and hope for breast tumour kinase targeted therapy

There have been significant improvements in the detection and treatment of breast cancer in recent decades. However, there is still a need to develop more effective therapeutic techniques that are patient specific with reduced toxicity leading to further increases in patients' overall survival; the ongoing progress in understanding recurrence, resistant and spread also needs to be maintained. Better understanding of breast cancer pathology, molecular biology and progression as well as identification of some of the underlying factors involved in breast cancer tumourgenesis and metastasis has led to the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Over a number of years interest has risen in breast tumour kinase(Brk) also known as protein tyrosine kinase 6; the research field has grown and Brk has been described as a desirable therapeutic target in relation to tyrosine kinase inhibition as well as disruption of its kinase independent activity. This review will outline the current "state of play" with respect to targeted therapy for breast cancer, as well as discussing Brk's role in the processes underlying tumour development and metas-tasis and its potential as a therapeutic target in breast cancer.

Neoadjuvant targeted therapy for apocrine carcinoma of the breast:A case report

BACKGROUND Apocrine carcinoma of the breast is a special type of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast that is rare in clinical practice.Neoadjuvant therapy,especially neoadjuvant targeted therapy,has rarely been reported for apocrine carcinoma of the breast.CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old woman presented with apocrine carcinoma of the left breast underwent core needle biopsy.The patient was diagnosed with apocrine carcinoma by immunohistochemical staining and negative hormone status(estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor)but showed overexpression of human epidermal factor receptor 2(HER-2).Moreover,positive expression of androgen receptor(approximately 60%)and gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 was observed.The patient was treated with neoadjuvant targeted therapy consisting of the TCH regimen(docetaxel,carboplatin area under curve 6 and trastuzumab)every 21 d.The mass in the left breast was significantly reduced,and pain in the breast and left upper arm also improved.CONCLUSION HER-2 positive apocrine carcinoma of the breast can be improved by neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy.

Application of phage display technology in targeted therapy of breast cancer

Phage display is a technology of gene expression and screening, it is widely used in the fields of defining antigen epitopes, signal transduction, genetic treatment, parasites research and tumor targeted therapy. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, we can obtain peptides specially associated with breast cancer by using phage display technology, and this method has great potential in early diagnosis of breast cancer and development new targeted drugs.

Fatigue and Quality of Life of Women Undergoing Chemotherapy or Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer

OBJECTIVE To examine fatigue and quality of life (QOL) inbreast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy.METHODS A self-report survey derived from the Chineseversion of Brief Fatigue Inventory, the Functional Assessmentof Chronic Illness Therapy for Breast Cancer, and the MedicalOutcomes Study Social Support Survey. Descriptive statisticswas used to examine the intensity of fatigue and the prevalenceof severe fatigue. Multivariate analysis of variance was used todetermine factors that affect the five domains of QOL among theparticipants.RESULTS The majority of the participants (n = 261) perceiveda mild level of fatigue, but 35.6% of them suffered severe fatigue.Fatigue had a significantly negative association with all domainsof QOL except social/family wellbeing. The participants whowere receiving chemotherapy, undergoing curative treatment andhaving inadequate social support were more likely to have poorerQOL in all five domains (after adjustment for age).CONCLUSION Although the majority of the participantsexperienced a mild level of fatigue, there was a substantial groupof breast cancer patients who perceived their fatigue as severe. Thefindings of this study showed that fatigue had a detrimental effecton the various aspects of the participants' QOL. Demographic andclinical characteristics of breast cancer patients who were at riskof getting poorer QOL were identified. The results of the studydemonstrate that we should enhance healthcare professionals'awareness of the importance of symptom assessment, andprovide them with information for planning effective symptom-management strategies among this study population.

A Predictive Model for Pathologic Complete Response in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Using Machine Learning

Background: In patients with breast cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC), pathological Complete Response (pCR) was associated with better long-term outcomes. We here attempted to predict pCR using machine learning. Patients and Methods: From 2008 to 2017, 1308 breast cancer patients underwent NAC before surgery, of whom 377 patients underwent Cancer SCANTM for gene data. Of 377, 238 were analyzed here, with 139 excluded due to incomplete medical data. Results: The pCR (-) vs. (+) group had 200 vs. 38 patients. In our predictive model with gene data, the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.909 and accuracy was 0.875. In another model without gene data, the AUC of ROC curve was 0.743 and accuracy was 0.800. We also conducted internal validation with 72 patients undergoing NAC and Cancer SCANTM during July 2017 and April 2018. When we applied a 0.4 threshold value, accuracy was 0.806 and 0.778 in the predictive model with vs. without gene profiles, respectively. Conclusion: The present predictive model may be a useful and easy-to-access tool for pCR-prediction in breast cancer patients treated with NAC.

基于T2WI影像组学联合临床特征预测浸润性乳腺癌新辅助治疗疗效研究

目的:探讨T2WI脂肪抑制影像组学联合临床特征对浸润性乳腺癌新辅助治疗(NAT)后病理完全缓解(pCR)的预测价值。方法:回顾性收集本院2021年4月至2022年12月经病理确诊为浸润性乳腺癌并行NAT的104例女性患者资料。依据术后病理评估(Miller/Payne评分系统)将患者分为pCR组(38例)和non-pCR组(66例)。按7∶3比例将入组患者分成训练组(72例)和测试组(32例)。基于磁共振T2WI脂肪抑制序列提取的最佳影像组学特征,单因素分析2组差异有统计学意义的临床特征通过logistic回归构建影像组学模型、临床模型及影像组学和临床特征联合模型。使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线等评估模型的预测性能,决策曲线(DCA)对比3种模型的临床效能,DeLong检验比较曲线下面积(AUC)差异。结果:影像组学模型、临床模型及联合模型在训练集中的AUC分别为0.901(95%CI 0.834~0.968)、0.772(95%CI0.661~0.883)和0.955(95%CI 0.913~0.997),在测试集中的AUC分别为0.821(95%CI 0.667~0.975)、0.883(95%CI 0.748~1)和0.925(95%CI 0.845~1)。DeLong检验显示在测试集中,联合模型的预测效果均高于影像组学模型和临床模型(P<0.05)。结论:基于磁共振T2WI脂肪抑制序列影像组学模型,尤其与临床特征构建的联合模型可有效地预测浸润性乳腺癌NAT后疗效,该方法可对临床治疗方案决策提供参考。

有氧运动改善化疗期间乳腺癌患者体质及生活质量研究:一项随机对照试验

背景蒽环类药物是乳腺癌基础化疗药物之一,但化疗常伴随着体质改变如体脂增加和心肺功能下降,胃肠道反应和骨髓抑制等毒副作用,影响患者的生活质量。目前关于运动改善以上毒副作用的研究结果不一致,有待进一步研究。临床上,应用运动处方改善乳腺癌患者以上化疗毒副作用的效果和安全性需要进一步探究。目的探究有氧运动改善蒽环类药物化疗期间乳腺癌患者体质和生活质量的效果及有氧运动的安全性。方法本研究是一项随机对照试验,纳入2022年3月—2023年1月在北京市朝阳区三环肿瘤医院接受蒽环类药物化疗方案的44例成年女性乳腺癌患者为研究对象,随机分为运动组(23例)与对照组(21例),对照组患者在化疗结束后提供个性化运动指导。运动组患者在化疗住院期间在康复师监督下进行锻炼,在家时通过患者自我监督和试验人员远程监督进行个性化运动干预。在化疗前后收集主要结局指标,包括体质和生活质量,记录胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制的发生次数、严重程度及运动相关不良事件。以化疗前数据为协变量,采用协方差分析比较两组体质情况和生活质量情况。结果本研究干预、随访过程中共流失4例,最终纳入40例患者(运动组21例,对照组19例)。运动干预期间未观察到严重不良事件。运动干预期间,患者平均依从性为81.8%;每次运动时长的平均依从性为91.9%;运动强度平均依从性为92.5%。化疗后,运动组体脂重、体脂百分比、内脏脂肪面积、腰围、腰臀比低于对照组,惯用手握力、相对峰值摄氧量(VO_(2)peak)高于对照组(P<0.05)。化疗后运动组患者功能性障碍发生率(7/20)低于对照组(12/16)(χ^(2)=5.707,P=0.017)。化疗后运动组生理状况、情感状况、附加得分低于对照组,功能状况得分高于对照组(P<0.05)。化疗后对照组生理状况分数(P<0.001)、运动组功能状况分数(P=0.017)高于化疗前。对照组和运动组患者分别共接受了84例次和94例次蒽环类药物化疗,对照组分别发生了84例次胃肠道反应和71次骨髓抑制,运动组分别发生了54例次胃肠道反应和45例次骨髓抑制,两组患者胃肠道反应和骨髓抑制发生情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在蒽环类药物化疗期间进行有氧运动可以改善乳腺癌患者的体质和生活质量,且有监督的有氧运动是安全的。

左侧乳腺癌保乳术后质子与光子放疗剂量学对比研究

目的比较在深吸气屏气呼吸模式(DIBH)下左侧乳腺癌保乳术后光子调强放疗(IMRT)、质子调强放疗(IMPT)剂量学差异。方法选取2020年11月至2022年5月中国科学技术大学附属第一医院离子医学中心(合肥离子医学中心)在DIBH模式下接受左侧乳腺癌保乳术后放疗的7例女性患者病历资料,计划靶区(PTV)处方剂量均为50 Gy(5周,25次),对于影像学(包括功能性影像)上高度怀疑有残留或复发病灶的区域局部加量至PTV_(boost):60 Gy。分别在瓦里安Eclipse 15.5计划系统上设计IMRT计划和Eclipse 16.1计划系统上设计IMPT计划。对2组计划靶区剂量分布、适形指数(CI)、均匀性指数(HI)、两侧肺、健侧乳腺(右乳)、心脏及左冠状动脉前降支(LAD)照射剂量进行统计分析。结果质子与光子放疗计划相比,PTV最大剂量(D_(max))(P=0.389)和平均剂量(D_(mean))(P=0.044)、PTV_(boost) D_(max)(P=0.226)和D_(mean)(P=0.018)、CI(P=0.035)和HI(P=0.419)、患侧肺部(左侧)D_(max)(P=0.153)、健侧肺(右肺)D_(max)(P=0.318)和D_(mean)(P=0.046)、心脏D_(max)(P=0.014)、LAD D_(max)(P=0.025)、健侧乳腺(右乳)D_(max)(P=0.097)均和光子计划无差异。但质子计划左侧肺D_(mean)(P<0.01)、V_(5)(P<0.001)、V_(20)(P<0.001)及心脏D_(mean)(P<0.001)、LAD D_(mean)(P<0.001)、健侧乳腺(右乳)D_(mean)(P=0.010)均明显低于光子计划。结论DIBH下左侧乳腺癌保乳术后质子和光子计划均满足临床要求。但采用质子放疗可显著降低对心脏及其亚单位、患侧肺和健侧乳腺的照射剂量。

HR阳性乳腺癌新辅助治疗后HER2阴性亚组蛋白水平表达的演变及与临床病理特征的相关性分析

目的 探讨激素受体(hormone receptor, HR)阳性、HER2阴性亚组[极低表达(Ultra-low)和完全无表达(Null)]乳腺癌新辅助治疗前后的演变及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法 回顾性分析术前接受新辅助治疗且治疗后未达到病理完全缓解(pathological complete response, pCR)的连续性乳腺癌病例255例,采用免疫组化法检测ER、PR、HER2和Ki67的表达情况,并评价HER2阴性亚组表达水平新辅助治疗后的演变及与乳腺癌临床病理特征的关系。结果 255例乳腺癌患者中新辅助治疗前HER2-0和HER2-1+的例数分别为116例(45.5%)和139例(54.5%),HER2-0进一步划分为Null 61例(23.9%)和Ultra-low 55例(21.6%)。新辅助治疗后HER2-0和HER2-1+例数分别为117例(45.9%)和138例(54.1%),HER2-0进一步划分为Null 64例(25.1%)和Ultra-low 53例(20.8%)。新辅助治疗后有121例(47.5%)患者HER2表达水平发生了转变,其中,新辅助治疗前为HER2 Ultra-low,治疗后转变为1+,转变率最高,为11.76%(30/255),其次为1+转变为Ultra-low,转变率为10.98%(28/255);新辅助治疗后,HER2 Ultra-low组55例中44例发生了转变,其转变率高达80%。χ^(2)检验显示新辅助治疗前HER2表达与新辅助治疗后肿瘤最大径(≤2 cm,>2 cm)有关(χ^(2)=6.106,P=0.047),治疗前HER2 1+的患者治疗后肿瘤最大径≤2 cm居多;新辅助治疗后HER2表达与新辅助治疗后脉管瘤栓有关(χ^(2)=6.975,P=0.029),治疗后HER2 Ultra-low患者更容易出现脉管瘤栓。结论 HR阳性的乳腺癌中,对HER2-0重新划分为Ultra-low和Null后,新辅助治疗后HER2转变率明显增高,并且Ultra-low转变率最高,说明Ultra-low病例在新辅助治疗后具有高度不稳定性,对于新辅助治疗后残余病灶HER2的检测并区分Ultra-low的表达十分重要。

Trans-arterial chemoperfusion for the treatment of liver metastases of breast cancer and colorectal cancer: Clinical results in palliative care patients

AIM To evaluate the clinical value and efficiency of transarterial chemoperfusion(TACP) in patients with liver metastases from breast cancer(BC) and colorectal cancer(CRC).METHODS We treated 36 patients with liver metastases of BC(n = 19, 19 females) and CRC(n = 17; 8 females, 9 males) with repeated TACP. The treatment interval was 4 wk. TACP was performed with gemcitabine(1000 mg/m2) and mitomycin(10 mg/m2), administered within 1 h after positioning the catheter tip in the hepatic artery. Before treatment, the size, location, tumour volume, vascularization and number of liver tumours were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Tumour response was evaluated according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors guidelines.RESULTS TACP using gemcitabine and mitomycin for metastases from CRC and BC was performed without any serious side effects. The follow-up MRI showed a therapeutic response in 84.2% of the BC patients-stable disease 47.4% and partial response 36.8%. A progression was seen in 15.8%.CRC patients showed a therapeutic response in 52.9% of cases. A progression of the disease was documented in 47.1% of the patients with CRC. These data show that TACP in patients with liver metastases of BC leads to a significantly better therapeutic response compared with CRC patients(P = 0.042). The median survival time was 13.2 mo for the BC patients, which is significantly longer than for CRC patients at 9.3 mo(P = 0.001).CONCLUSION TACP for liver metastases of BC appears to be a safe and effective palliative treatment with improved outcomes in comparison to patients with CRC.

Treatment for triple-negative breast cancer

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) neither express estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor nor over- express human epidermal growth factor receptor-2. Because of the special molecular features, triple-negative breast cancer is not either sensitive to endocrine therapy or targeted therapy of trastuzumab. There has not been standard treatment regimen for triple-negative breast cancer yet and chemotherapy has still been the chief therapy currently. However, with the great progress of oncology and molecular biology, the understanding of the natural history, pathophysiology and molecular features of this disease has been greatly improved, and a growing number of novel and effective therapies and discoveries of new biological targets for this phenotype of breast cancers have been reported, which provide new insights into therapeutic strategies for the women suffering from it.

Operable Breast Cancer： a Clinical Analysis of 6,263 Cases

OBJECTIVE In Europe and America breast cancer commonly occurs in women of middle and old age, with a median age of about 57 years. Modified radical mastectomy now called standard radical mastectomy, has taken the place of traditional radical mastectomy. Patients with breast cancer at an early stage commonly receive BCT （breast conservative therapy）. The TNM stage （especially the lymph node status） affects the prognosis, and adjuvant therapy can improve survival. In China, only a few reports have been published studying large numbers of breast cancer patients. This study was designed to analyze the clinical features, surgical pattern and treatment outcome of resectable breast cancer, as well as to explore the prognostic factors and the effect of adjuvant therapy, with a goal to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment. METHODS Records of the 6,263 patients with resectable breast cancer who had been admitted into our hospital from June 1964 to June 2003 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS Of the 6,263 cases, 98.8% were female. Breast cancer occurred most frequently in patients of ages 40-49 years （41.0%）, especially in patients 45-49 years old （25.2%）. A breast lump, which occurred in 96.2% of the patients, was the main clinical manifestation. The overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 75.16% and 40.44%. Of the patients in TNM stages 0-1, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, the 5-year survival rates were 96.8%, 73.7% and 46.4% respectively and the 10-year survival rates were 78.7%, 64.6% and 33.5% respectively. The 5-, and 10-year survival rates were higher in the lymph node negative group than in the lymph node positive group （80.3% vs. 55.6%, and 59.2% vs. 31.9%, P〈0.01）. Since the 1980s there was no significant difference in survival rates of patients who received a radical mastectomy compared to a modified radical mastectomy（P〉0.05）. Of the 73 patients who underwent breast conservative therapy, no local recurrence or metastasis occurred during a maximal follow-up of 17 years. Of the patients in stage T2- T4, the 5-, and 10-year survival rates were significantly higher in the group treated with adjuvant chemotherapy compared to the non-chemotherapy group （78.2% vs. 60.1%, and 48.9% vs. 30.7%, P〈0.01 ）. CONCLUSION According to our data, breast cancer most frequently occurred in patients of ages 45-49 years. The TNM stage （especially the lymph node status） relates to breast cancer prognosis. The prognosis was worse in patients with positive lymph nodes compared to the patients with negative lymph nodes. The efficacy of a modified radical mastectomy is equal to that of a radical mastectomy, and breast conservative therapy can be applied to patients in an early stage. Adjuvant chemotherapy and endocrine therapy can improve the survival of resectable breast cancer patients.

THE CLINICAL COURSE AND TREATMENT RESULTS OF LUNG METASTASES FROM BREAST CANCER

Objective: To analyze the clinical course and treatment result of lung metastases from breast cancer Method: 122 cases with lung metastases from breast cancer were treated with chemotherapy or chemotherapy plus endocrine therapy, response was assessed according to WHO criteria and survival rate estimated using the life Table Results: The median time from initial treatment of primary tumor to lung metastases was 22 months Sites of common consecutive metastases were lung, liver and bone The overall response rate was 48% with a CR rate of 15% Compared to non DDP encompassing regimen, the CR rate was higher in DDP based chemotherapy (7% versus 21%, P <0 05) with a longer median survival time (MST) The PR rate was higher in regimens containing anthracycline (48%) than in those without anthracycline (20%, P <0 01) The response rate was similar between chemotherapy and chemotherapy plus endocrine therapy ( P >0 05) No difference in MST was observed between patients receiving anthracycline and non anthracycline encompassing regimens The 1 , 3 , 5 , and 10 year survival rate was 77%, 22%, 11%, and 10%, respectively Conclusion: Size of primary tumor, the length of disease free interval, the number of lung metastases may provide additional information for predicting patients survival after treatment of lung metastases Combination chemotherapy, especially DDP based chemotherapy may prolong survival time of patients with lung metastases from breast cancer

Analysis of 6 Cases of Stromal Sarcoma of the Breast

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of stromal sarcoma of the breast （SSB）. Methods： The clinical and pathological data of 6 patients with SSB treated between 1954 and 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. METHODS The clinical and pathological data of 6 patients with SSB treated between 1954 and 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS All patients were female and one was menopausal. The median age of the patients was 39 years old （range, 20-55）. All cases had a history of a palpable mass. The tumor rapidly augmented in a short time period in 3 patients. One patient had discontinuous pain and 3 patients had masses located in the upper outer quadrant of the breast. The median tumor radius was 6.0 cm （range, 3-15 cm）. According to the AJCC breast cancer staging standard （6th edition）, 1 case was of stage ⅡA, 2 cases were of stage ⅡB, 2 cases were of stage ⅢB and one case couldn＇t be staged. Four patients were initially treated by excising the tumor and then undergoing mastectomy or modified radical mastectomy after recurrence. Radical mastectomy was suitable for those with pectoralis major muscle involvement. Two patients received simple mastectom）~ 2 patients underwent radical mastectomy and another 2 patients received modified radical mastectomy. After surgery, all patients were identified as SSB through pathology, with focal ossification in one case and mucinous degeneration in another one case. Four patients who underwent axillary lymph node dissection did not have lymph node metastases. Three patients received chemotherapy after surgery. After a median follow-up time of 36.5 months （8-204 months）, 4 patients had recurrence after local excision and 3 patients had recurrence more than 2 times with a median time to recurrence of 2.5 months （1 to 4 months） after surgery. One patient had lung metastases at 7 months after the initial surgery and the other 5 patients were alive without disease at the end of the follow-up period. CONCLUSION SSB is difficult to diagnose preoperatively and is characterized by its tendency to .recur locally. To obtain negative margins, wide local excision or mastectomy must be performed. Axillary lymph node dissection is not mandatory. The roles of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy have still been controversial.

乳腺癌患者内分泌治疗依从性常见问题及改善策略的研究进展

该文阐述了乳腺癌患者内分泌治疗依从性常见问题及改善依从性行为的干预措施,以期为医护人员制订乳腺癌患者内分泌治疗依从性管理方案提供参考依据。

血清CTC联合临床特征对乳腺癌新辅助治疗效果的预测价值

目的探讨血清循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)联合临床特征对乳腺癌新辅助治疗效果的影响因素分析。方法回顾性分析2019年4月—2022年4月甘肃省妇幼保健院收治的80例乳腺癌患者的临床资料,根据患者治疗效果分为pCR获得组30例和p CR未获得组50例。比较两组的年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、绝经状态、哺乳史、糖尿病史、高血压史、乳腺疾病史、家族史、肿瘤大小、T分期、N分期、临床分期、组织学分级、腋窝淋巴结状态、雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、人表皮生长因子受体2(HER-2)、细胞增殖指数Ki-67、分子分型、CTC等临床资料。采用非条件Logistic逐步回归分析乳腺癌患者新辅助治疗效果的影响因素,分析血清CTC联合临床特征预测乳腺癌患者新辅助治疗效果的价值。结果pCR获得组ER阴性、PR阴性、HER-2阳性、Ki-67高表达、HER-2过表达型、CTC阴性患者的占比高于pCR未获得组(P<0.05)。非条件Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,ER阴性[OR=3.113(95%CI:1.524,6.359)]、PR阴性[OR=3.242(95%CI:1.431,7.345)]、HER-2阳性[OR=2.756(95%CI:1.135,6.692)]、Ki-67高表达[OR=2.895(95%CI:1.074,7.804)]、HER-2过表达型[OR=2.957(95%CI:1.247,7.012)]及CTC阴性[OR=3.688(95%CI:1.752,7.763)]是乳腺癌患者新辅助治疗效果良好的影响因素(P<0.05)。血清CTC联合临床特征预测乳腺癌患者新辅助治疗效果的敏感性为93.3%(28/30)(95%CI:1.611,8.047)、特异性为94.0%(47/50)(95%CI:1.336,7.823),准确性为93.8%(75/80)(95%CI:1.288,8.112)。结论血清CTC联合临床特征对乳腺癌新辅助治疗效果有较好的预测价值。

血清microRNA-186-5p、microRNA-328-5p表达和乳腺癌患者临床病理特征与新辅助化疗效果的关系

目的探讨血清microRNA-186-5p(miR-186-5p)、microRNA-328-5p(miR-328-5p)表达和乳腺癌患者临床病理特征与新辅助化疗效果的关系。方法选取2019年2月—2022年2月广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院收治的乳腺癌患者105例作为乳腺癌组,另随机选取该院与乳腺癌患者年龄相匹配的57例健康体检女性作为对照组。乳腺癌患者均接受新辅助化疗,根据化疗反应分为耐药组(30例)和敏感组(75例)。qRT-PCR检测血清miR-186-5p、miR-328-5p表达,比较不同临床病理特征乳腺癌患者血清miR-186-5p、miR-328-5p表达的差异,比较耐药组和敏感组血清miR-186-5p、miR-328-5p表达的差异。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析影响乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗效果的因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,分析miR-186-5p、miR-328-5p预测乳腺癌患者对新辅助化疗效果的价值。结果乳腺癌组血清miR-186-5p、miR-328-5p mRNA相对表达量低于对照组(P<0.05)。T_(3)、T_(4)期、N_(1~3)期、HER2阳性乳腺癌患者血清miR-186-5p、miR-328-5p mRNA相对表达量低于T_(2)期、N_(0)期、HER2阴性乳腺癌患者(P<0.05)。耐药组血清miR-186-5p、miR-328-5p mRNA相对表达量低于敏感组(P<0.05),T_(3)、T_(4)期、N_(1~3)期占比高于敏感组(P<0.05)。N分期[OR=3.497(95%CI:1.737,7.041)]、miR-186-5p[OR=1.680(95%CI:1.169,2.415)]、miR-328-5p[OR=1.519(95%CI:1.134,2.034)]是影响乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗耐药的危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,miR-186-5p、miR-328-5p及两者联合预测乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗效果的敏感性分别为76.67%(95%CI:0.553,0.856)、70.00%(95%CI:0.510,0.808)、90.00%(95%CI:0.768,0.977),特异性分别为74.67%(95%CI:0.528,0.831)、76.00%(95%CI:0.544,0.840)、90.67%(95%CI:0.776,0.984)。结论乳腺癌患者血清miR-186-5p、miR-328-5p表达下调,可能与乳腺癌患者临床病理特征及化疗耐药有关,均可作为新辅助化疗疗效评估的标志物。