Paraben Content in Adjacent Normal-malignant Breast Tissues from Women with Breast Cancer

Objective Accumulation of estrogenic compounds and other carcinogens in normal breast tissues contributes to unpredictable breast cancer incidence during adolescence and throughout life.To assess the role of parabens in this phenomenon,the paraben content of adjacent normal-malignant breast tissues is measured in women with breast cancer living in Isfahan Province,Iran.Methods Adjacent normal-malignant breast tissue samples were obtained from 53 subjects.The parabens including methyl-paraben(Me PB),ethyl-paraben(Et PB),propyl-paraben(Pr PB),and butylparaben(Bu PB)were extracted from the sample supernatant and then subjected to gas chromatography analysis.Results Some risk factors for breast cancer were stimulated by parabens in adjacent malignant-normal breast tissues among young and middle-aged women with breast cancer.We observed a significant association for dose-response pattern of Me PB[OR=98.34(11.43–185.2),P=0.027]for both ER+and PR+women and Me PB[OR=164.3(CI:112.3–216.3),P<0.001]for HER2+women than women with negative receptors.The risk of 95-fold increase in Me PB dose and 164-fold increase in∑PBs dose were significant for women with hereditary breast cancer in first-degree relatives.Conclusions These results may promote future epidemiology studies and strategies to improve women's lifestyle and consume paraben-free products.

Breast cancer phenotypes regulated by tissue factor-factor VII pathway: Possible therapeutic targets

Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in women, worldwide. Fortunately, breast cancer is relatively chemosensitive, with recent advances leading to the development of effective therapeutic strategies, significantly increasing disease cure rate. However, disease recurrence and treatment of cases lacking therapeutic molecular targets, such as epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and hormone receptors, referred to as triple-negative breast cancers, still pose major hurdles in the treatment of breast cancer. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches to treat aggressive breast cancers are essential. Blood coagulation factor VII(fV II) is produced in the liver and secreted into the blood stream. Tissue factor(TF), the cellular receptor for fV II, is an integral membrane protein that plays key roles in the extrinsic coagulation cascade. TF is overexpressed in breast cancer tissues. The TF-fV II complex may be formed in the absence of injury, because f VII potentially exists in the tissue fluid within cancer tissues. The active form of this complex(TF-fV IIa) may stimulate the expression of numerous malignant phenotypes in breast cancer cells. Thus, the TF-fV II pathway is a potentially attractive target for breast cancer treatment. To date, a number of studies investigating the mecha-nisms by which TF-fV II signaling contributes to breast cancer progression, have been conducted. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms controlling TF and fV II synthesis and regulation in breast cancer cells. Our current understanding of the TF-fV II pathway as a mediator of breast cancer progression will be also described. Finally, we will discuss how this knowledge can be applied to the design of future therapeutic strategies.

Diagnostic accuracy of real-time tissue elastography for breast cancer:a meta-analysis

Objective The present study aimed to determine the accuracy of real-time tissue elastography （RTE） for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Methods The search was conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China Biology Medicine databases from inception through December 31, 2014, without language restrictions. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA version 12.0 and Meta-Disc version 1.4. We calculated the summary statistics for sensitivity （Sen）, specificity （Spe）, positive and negative likelihood ratio （LR＋/LR–）, diagnostic odds ratio （DOR）, and summary receiver operating characteristic （SROC） curve. Results Ten studies that met al inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis. A total of 608 ma-lignant breast lesions and 1292 benign breast tumors were assessed. Al breast lesions were histological y confirmed after RTE. The pooled Sen was 0.83 （95% CI = 0.79–0.86）; the pooled Spe was 0.86 （95% CI = 0.84–0.88）. The pooled LR＋ was 9.87 （95% CI = 2.66–36.71）; the pooled LR– was 0.20 （95% CI = 0.17–0.23）. The pooled DOR of RTE for the diagnosis of breast cancer was 62.21 （95% CI = 33.88–114.24）. The area under the SROC curve was 0.9334 （standard error = 0.00125）. We found no evidence of publica-tion bias （t = –0.57, P = 0.582）. Conclusion RTE may have high diagnostic accuracy for the dif erential diagnosis of benign and malig-nant breast tumors. RTE may be a good tool for breast cancer diagnosis.

Accessory Breast Tissue in Pregnancy

Accessory breast tissue development frequently occurs in addition to physiologic breast development and is a common congenital condition with an occurrence of 0.4% to 6% in women and 1% - 3% in men. A 31-year-old G1P0 female presented to our triage at 20 + 4 weeks gestation with a one-week history of painful bilateral axillary lumps. Her last menstrual period was consistent with an estimated gestational age of 39 + 3 weeks by LMP. She had emigrated from Bengal three years earlier with no other gynecological complaints and knew of no abnormalities on physical exam. The painful axillary lumps were found to be accessory breast tissue. This entity is presented as a palpable thickening that is most prevalent along the milk line in the region immediately below the breasts, along the abdomen, in the axilla and in the groin region adjacent to the vulva. Affected individuals may undergo premenstrual changes such as tenderness, swelling, and difficulty with shoulder range of motion and irritation. The onset of pregnancy stimulates the tissue and makes it more evident as it did with our patient.

Differential Expression of Genes Involved in Cell Polarity, EMT and Cell-Fate in Breast Cancer and Corresponding Normal Tissue

Objectives: Cell polarity and epithelial morphology are peculiar features of cells forming the terminal ductal lobular unit, and they are early lost during neoplastic transformation because of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To understand these early events we analyzed a set of 125 genes related to cell polarity, EMT and cell-fate decision in 26 breast cancer specimens and corresponding patient-matched normal tissue. Methods: The difference of gene expression was explored by t-paired test. In addition, to evidence latent variables accounting for genes correlations, a Factor Analysis was applied as exploratory technique. Results: Among the 90 differentially expressed genes, those coding for cell polarity complexes, apical-junctional components and luminal cytokeratins were overexpressed in tumor samples (suggesting a terminally differentiated phenotype) whereas those coding for stemness-associated features or related with EMT were expressed in normal tissues but not in tumor samples, suggesting the persistence of stem/progenitor cells. Factor analysis confirmed these findings and indicated that the difference between tumors and normal tissues can be synthesized in three main features representative of specific molecular/morphological alterations. Conclusions: The a priori definition of a selected panel of genes and the application of an exploratory statistical approach, greatly contribute to reduce the intrinsic biological complexity of tumor specimens and to describe the difference between tumor specimens and corresponding histologically normal tissues.

BINARY TISSUE CLASSIFICATION STUDIES ON RESECTED HUMAN BREAST TISSUES USING OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IMAGES

We report the results of a comparative study of Fourier domain analysis(FDA)and texture analysis(TA)of optical coherence tomography(OCT)images of resected human breast tissues for binary classification between normal
abnormal classes and benign
malignant classes.With the incorporation of Fisher linear discriminant analysis(FLDA)in TA for feature extraction,the TA-based algorithm provided improved diagnostic performance as compared to the FDAbased algorithm in discriminating OCT images corresponding to breast tissues with three different pathologies.The specificity and sensitivity values obtained for normal
abnormal classification were both 100%,whereas they were 90% and 85%,respectively for benign
malignant classification.

Value of high-frequency ultrasonography with virtual touch tissue quantification in diagnosis of breast pure mucinous carcinomas

Objective The aim of our study was to analyze the characters of breast pure mucinous carcinomas on highfrequency ultrasonography with virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ).

Immunohistochemical analysis of 8 biomarkers on tissue microarray (TMA) of 46 Moroccan invasive breast carcinoma

Aim of the study: Immunohistochemical evaluation of hormone receptors, Her2/neu, CK5/6, E-cadherin, beta-catenin, p53 and PTEN on Tissue Micro Array (TMA) of 46 Moroccan invasive breast carcinomas. Materials and Methods: The cases comprised 40 invasive ductal carcinomas, 4 invasive lobular carcinomas, 1 mixed carcinoma and 1 invasive colloid carcinoma. TMA paraffin blocs were prepared with the Beecher manual arrayer and immunostaining was performed using standard immunoperoxidase techniques. Results: 58.69% of the cases were ER positive. 43.18% (19/44) were triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) of which 15.78% (3/19) were of the basal phenotype expressing CK5/6. On the other hand, 72.22% (13/18) of the TNBC cases were IDC grade 3. Of the 18 IDC grade 3, 22.22% (4/18) were CK5/6 positive. 41.30% and 10.86% of the cases showed reduced expression of E-cadherin and beta-catenin respectively. Beta-catenin nuclear and cytoplasmic staining was noted in 20% and 97.82% respectively. p53 was overexpressed in 10.86% of the cases whereas PTEN loss or reduced expression was noted in 86.95% of the cases. Conclusion: The aim of our study was to introduce TMA technique in our hospital which is considered a reference institution for cancer in Morocco. Although no statistical study was performed to look for any significance of the results obtained, we found good correlation with some of the data in the literature. To determine the molecular characteristics, if any, of the Moroccan patient, larger multidisciplinary and prospective studies would be interesting in the aim to personalize therapeutic decisions.

NON-INVASIVE MEASUREMENT OF DEEP TISSUE TEMPERATURE CHANGES CAUSED BY APOPTOSIS DURING BREAST CANCER NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY:A CASE STUDY

Treatment-induced apoptosis of cancer cells is one goal of cancer therapy.Interestingly,more heat is generated by mitochondria during apoptosis,especially the uncoupled apoptotic state,^(1,2) compared to the resting state.In this case study,we explore these thermal effects by longitudinally measuring temperature variations in a breast lesion of a pathological complete responder during neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC).Diffuse Optical Spectroscopic Imaging(DOSI)was employed to derive absolute deep tissue temperature using subtle spectral features of the water peak at 975 nm.^(3)A significant temperature increase was observed in time windows during the anthracycline and cyclophosphamide(AC)regimen but not in the paclitaxel and bevacizumab regimen.Hemoglobin concentration changes generally did not follow temperature,suggesting the measured temperature increases were likely due to mitochondrial uncoupling rather than a direct vascular effect.A simultaneous increase of tissue oxygen saturation with temperature was observed,suggesting that oxidative stress also contributes to apoptosis.Although preliminary,this study indicates longitudinal DOSI tissue temperature monitoring provides information that can improve our understanding of the mechanisms of tissue response during NAC.

Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections of the Male and Female Breast: A Literature Review

Background: Within the spectrum of necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI), necrotizing fasciitis (NF) has been characterized by tissue and fascial necrosis with systemic toxicity. The objective was to determine and summarize the frequency and characteristics of breast NF and NSTI in the literature. Methods: Cases were obtained through PubMed, Google Scholar, Google, and from published article reference sections. One hundred twenty-three cases were gleaned from 96 articles that reported NF and NSTI of the breast (1924 through 2021). Results: NF was reported in 70 and NSTI in 53 cases (111 women and 12 men). Patients presented with swollen, painful breasts, erythema, bullae, crepitus, necrosis, gangrene, fever, tachycardia, and neutrophilia. Fifty-nine of 123 (48.4%) patients were septic on admission. The most frequent microorganisms were β hemolytic Group A Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment consisted of antibiotics, mastectomy and debridement with flaps, skin grafts or primary and secondary closure. Forty-four (63.0%) of the NF cases had chest wall involvement;of these, 18 (14.6%) involved the breast secondarily, P < 0.0001. There were twelve mortalities (9.8%): eleven (9.0%) with NF and one (0.8%) with NSTI, P = 0.007. Conclusions: Men and women with breast NF and NSTI presented with similar signs and symptoms and required the same emergent treatment as provided for NF and NSTI of the more common sites. As a time-sensitive disease, patients treated within 12 hours of admission had a better survival. Patients with NF were more likely to have sepsis on admission, a higher mortality, and fascial chest wall/muscle involvement than patients with NSTI.

Retrospective study of MRI images to examine the effects of estrogen supplementation on breast tissue: A pilot study in Asian Taiwan

MRI provides a highly sensitive technique for early detection of abnormal breast tissue. It is useful for identifying a status of proliferation, angiogenesis, and microvascular permeability, which may indicate early breast neoplasm formation. We retrospectively studied 2005 breast MRI images from Taiwan Residents women and classified them as either healthy or unhealthy according to BI-RADS categories. A subgroup of our study patients had received estrogen supplements, containing estrogen components or phytoestrogen, for at least 3 months. These patients’ images were also classified into the healthy and unhealthy groups. These two groups were compared and a significant difference was found between them (P < 0.002). Comparison of the MRI images also identified certain cases that demonstrated a typical estrogen/phytoestrogen effect or a withdrawal effect. The overuse of estrogen or phytoestrogen supplements can increase breast glandular tissue proliferation, as reflected on MRI images. Such proliferation may increase the patient’s risk of future breast cancer.

Self-adaptive hydrogel for breast cancer therapy via accurate tumor elimination and on-demand adipose tissue regeneration

The irregular defects and residual tumor tissue after surgery are challenges for effective breast cancer treatment.Herein,a smart hydrogel with self-adaptable size and dual responsive cargos release was fabricated to treat breast cancer via accurate tumor elimination,on-demand adipose tissue regeneration and effective infection inhibition.The hydrogel consisted of thiol groups ended polyethylene glycol(SH-PEG-SH)and doxorubicin encapsulated mesoporous silica nanocarriers(DOX@MSNs)double crosslinked hyaluronic acid(HA)after loading of antibacterial peptides(AP)and adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs).A pH-cleavable unsaturated amide bond was pre-introduced between MSNs and HA frame to perform the tumor-specific acidic environment dependent DOX@MSNs release,meanwhile an esterase degradable glyceryl dimethacrylate cap was grafted on MSNs,which contributed to the selective chemotherapy in tumor cells with over-expressed esterase.The bond cleavage between MSNs and HA would also cause the swelling of the hydrogel,which not only provide sufficient space for the growth of ADSCs,but allows the hydrogel to fully fill the irregular defects generated by surgery and residual tumor atrophy,resulting in the on-demand regeneration of adipose tissue.Moreover,the sustained release of AP could be simultaneously triggered along with the size change of hydrogel,which further avoided bacterial infection to promote tissue regeneration.

Surgical Outcomes Following Partial Breast Reconstruction with Chest Wall Perforator Flaps

Introduction: In the last two decades, chest wall perforator flaps (CWPF) have become a versatile tissue replacement technique for partial breast reconstruction following breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in well-selected cases. We present the surgical outcome of 81 patients with chest wall perforator flaps used for breast-conserving surgery. Methods: We recorded the outcomes of three oncoplastic breast surgeons who performed partial breast reconstruction with chest wall perforator flaps from 1st January 2018 to 30th June 2022 at Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. Data were collected on patient demographics, including age, BMI, smoking status, bra size, previous treatments, type of CWPF procedure, tumor size (measured clinically, via imaging and histologically), biopsy results, specimen weight, margins involvement, re-operation rate, surgical site infection (SSI), flap loss, flap shrinkage, hematoma, and seroma rates. Results: A total of 81 patients were included in this study, with an average age of 55.7 years and a body mass index (BMI) of 26.7 kg/m2. The bra size varied between A to FF with A (7.4%), B (28.3%), C (38.2%), D (13.6%), DD (11.1%), and FF (1.2%). 14.8% of the patients had neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). For 45 patients, LICAP (lateral intercostal artery perforator), 16 AICAP (anterior intercostal artery perforator), 13 MICAP (medial intercostal artery perforator), and for seven patients, LTAP (lateral thoracic artery perforator) flaps were used. The average tumor was measured at 15.75 mm clinically, 19.1 mm via imaging, and 19.6 mm histologically. Biopsy showed that 16% of the tumors were ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and 84% were invasive. 16% of patients had involved margins, and re-excision was required in 10 patients, and completion mastectomy was performed in 2 patients. A thirty-day SSI rate was 6.2%, with flap-related complications, including flap loss and shrinkage, at 3.7% and 4.9%, respectively. In addition, 3.7% had a hematoma, and 17.3% had other complications. Conclusion: Partial breast reconstruction with perforator flaps is an excellent volume replacement technique in breast-conserving surgery with acceptable complications in well-selected cases.

乳腺癌组织中TIMP-3及DNMT1的表达与患者预后的相关性

目的:分析研究乳腺癌患者中基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子3(TIMP-3)及DNA甲基转移酶1(DNMT1)的表达水平与患者临床预后的相关性。方法:收集58例临床资料完整的乳腺癌手术切除标本,采用免疫组化SP法检测癌组织及相应癌旁组织中TIMP-3、DNMT1、ER、PR、HER-2、p53、Ki-67的表达,将TIMP-3、DNMT1表达水平与临床病理参数及随访生存状况进行相关性分析,所有入组患者均进行随访5年以上。结果:我们发现,在乳腺癌组织中,TIMP-3呈低表达,DNMT1呈高表达,TIMP-3及DNMT1的表达呈负相关;TIMP-3表达水平与Ki-67呈负相关,DNMT1表达水平与Ki-67呈正相关,与其他临床病理参数未见相关性。Cox风险比例模型分析显示只有临床分期和DNMT1表达水平是影响总生存期(OS)和无病生存期(DFS)的独立风险因素。TIMP-3低表达组的5年OS和DFS均显著低于高表达组,DNMT1高表达组的5年OS和DFS均显著低于低表达组。结论:研究表明乳腺癌中TIMP-3及DNMT1表达水平与肿瘤细胞恶性表型及患者生存时间有关,可能成为判断乳腺癌预后的一项重要指标,并作为治疗计划制定的依据。

超声弹性成像与彩色多普勒超声鉴别三阴性乳腺癌与纤维腺瘤的对比研究

目的:探讨超声弹性成像(UE)技术与彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)对三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)与纤维腺瘤的鉴别诊断价值。方法:选取2021年1月至2022年1月万宁市人民医院收治并经手术病理确诊的50例TNBC患者,将其纳入TNBC组,另选取同期经手术病理证实为纤维腺瘤的50例患者纳入纤维腺瘤组。所有患者在行超声检查前均未经任何临床干预,且分别采用UE和CDFI检测,评价其病变区组织软硬程度、彩色血流及弹性评分等。以病理结果为“金标准”,分析UE和CDFI对TNBC和纤维腺瘤的诊断效能。结果:超声影像学特征显示,TNBC组多表现为病灶区域边缘毛刺征,后方回声衰减和高回声晕,且存在腋窝淋巴结转移;纤维腺瘤组多表现为病灶区域边界清晰,病灶形态规则,无微小钙化。UE检测诊断灵敏度为90.91%,特异度为82.14%,准确率为86.00%;CDFI诊断灵敏度为73.08%,特异度为75.00%,准确率为74.00%;联合检测灵敏度为94.23%,特异度为95.83%,准确率为96.00%,其检测效能高于单项检测。结论:UE鉴别诊断TNBC与纤维腺瘤的灵敏度较高,但特异度不高,与CDFI联合检测可以提高鉴别诊断特异度和准确率。

乳腺癌患者HER2、CA153表达与声触诊组织成像定量技术参数的相关性分析

目的:分析乳腺癌患者人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)、糖类抗原153(CA153)表达与声触诊组织成像定量(VTIQ)技术参数的相关性。方法:选取2018年5月至2020年5月合肥市第三人民医院收治的80例女性乳腺癌患者,其中世界卫生组织(WHO)分期Ⅰ期14例、Ⅱ期22例、Ⅲ期31例、Ⅳ期13例;另选取同时间段收治的53例女性乳腺良性疾病患者为对照。所有患者先行常规超声检查,随后进入超声VTIQ成像模式获得剪切波速度(SWV)均值参数;采用免疫组织化学法检测乳腺组织中HER2表达,采用罗氏E411电化学发光免疫分析仪检测血清CA153水平;采用Pearson法分析乳腺癌患者血清CA153水平与SWV均值的相关性。结果:与良性患者比较,乳腺癌患者VTIQ技术参数SWV均值、血清CA153水平及HRR2阳性表达率均显著升高,差异有统计学意义(F=39.107,78.353,P<0.05);与乳腺癌Ⅰ+Ⅱ期患者比较,乳腺癌Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者VTIQ技术参数SWV均值、血清CA153水平、HRR2阳性表达率均显著升高,差异有统计学意义(t=2.685、3.556、8.326、10.455,P<0.05);与乳腺癌Ⅲ期比较,乳腺癌Ⅳ期患者VTIQ技术参数SWV均值、血清CA153水平、HRR2阳性表达率均显著升高,差异有统计学意义(t=4.632、8.659,P<0.05)。与HER2阴性表达乳腺癌患者SWV均值比较,HER2阳性表达乳腺癌患者SWV均值升高,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=59.751,P<0.05)。乳腺癌患者血清CA153水平与SWV均值呈正相关(r=0.501,P<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌患者VTIQ参数SWV均值与乳腺癌患者生物标志物HER2、CA153表达水平密切相关。

快速超声组织处理技术在乳腺穿刺组织活检中的应用

目的探讨快速超声组织处理系统对乳腺穿刺组织制片及切片染色效果的影响。方法随机选取2023年中国医科大学附属盛京医院病理科的乳腺穿刺标本100例,采用快速超声组织处理技术进行脱水处理(快速组),并对其相应的乳腺切除手术标本做0.3 cm×0.3 cm×0.3 cm取材及常规病理组织处理(常规组),所有病例术前未经新辅助治疗。2组标本脱水完成后均行常规切片。比较2组标本的脱水时间、HE染色效果、荧光原位杂交(FISH)检测结果,采用配对计数资料的Kappa检验比较2组雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)免疫组织化学染色结果的一致性。结果快速组脱水时间[(46.70±1.42)min]明显短于常规组[(659.25±6.03)min],2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=987.44,P<0.001);快速组HE染色评分(10.13±1.12)与常规组染色评分(10.15±0.97)比较无统计学差异;免疫组织化学染色结果显示,2组ER表达一致率为92.5%(Kappa=0.794,P<0.05),PR表达一致率为76.25%(Kappa=0.639,P<0.05),HER2表达一致率为72.5%(Kappa=0.610,P<0.05);2组FISH检测结果一致。结论快速超声组织处理具有时间短、污染小、操作简单等优点,其组织切片效果与常规脱水比较无显著差异,值得在小的病理组织标本处理中推广应用。

乳腺组织定位标记夹在乳腺癌新辅助化疗中的应用效果

目的探讨乳腺组织定位标记夹在乳腺癌新辅助化疗中的应用效果。方法选取2020年8月至2022年8月九江市第一人民医院乳腺科收治的60例乳腺癌新辅助化疗患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(30例)与试验组(30例),其中对照组在新辅助化疗后行术前导丝定位乳腺病灶,试验组则在新辅助化疗前放置乳腺组织定位标记夹,完成病灶定位后由同一治疗组医师进行手术治疗。对两组保乳手术率、保乳切缘阴性率、前哨淋巴结活检率、病理评估准确率进行比较,同时比较两组引流管留置时间、住院时间和住院费用。结果试验组保乳手术率、保乳切缘阴性率、前哨淋巴结活检率、病理评估准确率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组手术时间、引流管留置时间和住院时间短于对照组,住院费用低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乳腺组织定位标记夹应用在乳腺癌新辅助化疗中,能精准定位乳腺原发灶及腋窝转移淋巴结,改善乳腺癌患者预后,可获得较好的社会和经济效益,在临床上值得应用和推广。

生物活性静电纺丝纳米纤维支架在乳房脂肪组织工程中的研究与应用进展

乳房重建手术是乳腺癌综合治疗中常用的方法。随着外科技术和材料学的进步,术后仿真乳房重建已成为可实现的目标。为解决当前手术存在的问题,乳腺整形外科医师积极研究组织工程技术。乳房脂肪组织工程是一种新兴技术,基于自体脂肪移植、生物学和组织工程领域的经验,为尚未满足的乳房重建临床需求提供了潜在的解决方案。脂肪组织工程可以制备具有仿生结构的软组织,为乳房重建提供了新的可能性。通过将稳定增殖、低免疫原性的种子细胞植入支架,脂肪组织工程可以构建具有生物活性的支架,实现脂肪组织的再生和修复。其中,采用静电纺丝技术制备的纳米纤维支架具有优异的细胞外基质结构和力学性能,不仅提供了脂肪组织生长的空间,还通过调节细胞表型与启动细胞外基质之间的相互作用,为细胞分化和增殖提供诱导平台。因此,静电纺丝纳米纤维支架被认为是乳房脂肪组织工程有前景的应用材料之一。本文综述了乳房脂肪组织工程中生物活性静电纺丝纳米纤维支架的研究进展,旨在更好地了解乳房重建手术的发展趋势,并为未来的临床应用提供指导和借鉴。

三阴性乳腺癌患者血清组织多肽抗原和糖类抗原的表达及其对复发的预测价值

目的探讨三阴性乳腺癌(triple-negative breast cancer,TNBC)患者血清组织多肽抗原(tissue polypeptide antigen,TPA)与糖类抗原(carbohydrate antigen)CA15-3表达的相关性及其对术后复发事件的预测价值。方法对组织多肽抗原TPA和糖类抗原CA15-3在三阴性乳腺癌和非三阴乳腺癌患者血清中的表达水平进行组间比较。三阴性乳腺癌患者血清TPA、CA15-3表达的相关性及临床意义进行分析。依据TNBC患者稳定期与术后复发患者检测结果,分析TPA、CA15-3表达对短期复发事件的影响及术后短期复发事件的预测效能。结果三阴性乳腺癌与非三阴乳腺癌患者血清TPA、CA15-3表达水平及TNBC早期、中期患者组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析,三阴性乳腺癌患者血清TPA、CA15-3表达相关系数在0.01的水平上呈显著正相关。TNBC患者术后复发事件与稳定期组患者血清TPA、CA15-3表达水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。三阴性乳腺癌患者血清TPA、CA15-3表达水平的ROC曲线分析结果显示,预测效能敏感度、特异度有统计学意义。结论组织多肽抗原TPA与糖类抗原CA15-3可能是三阴性乳腺癌患者预后的预测靶基因,作为复发事件的生物学观察指标,具有重要的临床意义。