Epidemiological investigation of Helicobacter pylori infection in elderly people in Beijing

BACKGROUND The Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection rate in China is approximately 50%.H.pylori is a pathogenic factor of peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis.In addition,H.pylori infection may also be associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases in elderly people,such as arteriosclerosis,coronary heart disease,and cerebral infarction,having deleterious effect on their health.With the aging of the population,the disease characteristics of the elderly population have been increasingly valued by the whole society.We conducted an epidemiological survey of H.pylori infection among elderly people in Beijing to provide a basis for health management of H.pylori infection.AIM To understand the epidemiological characteristics of H.pylori infection in elderly people in Beijing.METHODS A total of 1090 elderly people aged more than 60 years from different parts of Beijing(urban and rural areas)were selected using the random cluster sampling method.Structured questionnaires were completed during home visits and the 13C-urea breath test was conducted for H.pylori detection.RESULTS The prevalence of H.pylori infection was 46.5%(507/1090).The infection rate in men was 51.8%,which was significantly higher than that in women(42.5%;P<0.05).The H.pylori infection rate in illiterate people was significantly higher than that in literate persons(53.5%vs 44.8%,P<0.05).The total infection rate of H.pylori gradually increased with age and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The H.pylori infection rate in smokers was significantly higher than that in non-smokers and those who had quit smoking(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The prevalence of H.pylori infection among elderly people is 46.5%and the infection rate gradually increases with age.Sex,education level,age,and smoking were determined to be H.pylori infection risk factors.The relationship of H.pylori infection with region,occupation,drinking,and diet structure needs to be further studied.

Significant decrease in prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori in the Czech Republic

AIM:To study possible decrease in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection in the Czech Republic within a 10-year period.METHODS:A total of 22 centres entered the study.The catchment areas of these centres covered cities and towns with more than 20 000 inhabitants,smaller towns(≤ 20 000 inhabitants) with surrounding villages and rural areas,and were spread over the whole country,corresponding well to the geographical distribution of the Czech population.A total of 1 837 subjects(aged 5-98 years) took part in the study,randomly selected out of 38 147 people from the general population.H.pylori infection was investigated by means of a 13 C-urea breath test.Breath samples in duplicates were analysed using isotope ratio mass spectrometry.The cut-off point was 3.5.Social and demographic characteristics were based on data from self-completed questionnaires.RESULTS:The overall prevalence of H.pylori infection was 23.5%(430/1826),and 4.8%(20/420) in children aged 15 or less.There was no statistically significant difference in prevalence between males(24.3%;208/857) and females(22.9%,222/969,P = 0.494).H.pylori infection was strongly associated with higher age,among subjects aged 55+ years,prevalence of H.pylori infection was 39.8%(252/633,P < 0.001).The highest prevalence of H.pylori infection was found among persons aged 55-64 years(43.9%,97/221) and 75+ years(37.9%,58/153).Among study subjects aged 15+ years,prevalence of H.pylori infection was significantly increased in those with lowest education(odds risk 3.19,95% CI 1.87-5.47).Compared to never married(14.1%),the prevalence of H.pylori infection was statistically significantly higher among married(35.4%,246/694,P < 0.001),divorced(36.8%,49/133,P < 0.001) and widowed study subjects(40.2%,45/112,P < 0.001),both in minimally and fully adjusted analysis.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of H.pylori infection between married and widowed subjects(35.4%,246/694 vs 40.2%,45/112,P = 0.389).There was little variation in smoking prevalence across categories of smoking and there was no evidence of an increased risk ofH.pylori infection among current or past smokers in our data(odds risk 1.04 with 95% CI 0.78-1.40 for current smokers;odds ratio 0.83 with 95% CI 0.60-1.16 for former smokers).The current prevalence of H.pylori in 2011 was significantly lower compared to the prevalence reported from identical geographical areas in 2001(23.5%vs 41.7%,P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:The overall prevalence of H.pylori infection in the general population has fallen substantially in the Czech Republic over the past 10 years.

Helicobacter pylori infection- recent developments in diagnosis

Considering the recommended indications for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)eradication therapy and the broad spectrum of available diagnostic methods,a reliable diagnosis is mandatory both before and after eradication therapy.Only highly accurate tests should be used in clinical practice,and the sensitivity and specificity of an adequate test should exceed 90%.The choice of tests should take into account clinical circumstances,the likelihood ratio of positive and negative tests,the cost-effectiveness of the testing strategy and the availability of the tests.This review concerns some of the most recent developments in diagnostic methods of H.pylori infection,namely the contribution of novel endoscopic evaluation methodologies for the diagnosis of H.pylori infection,such as magnifying endoscopy techniques and chromoendoscopy.In addition,the diagnostic contribution of histology and the urea breath test was explored recently in specific clinical settings and patient groups.Recent studies recommend enhancing the number of biopsy fragments for the rapid urease test.Bacterial culture from the gastric biopsy is the gold standard technique,and is recommended for antibiotic susceptibility test.Serology is used for initial screening and the stool antigen test is particularly used when the urea breath test is not available,while molecular methods have gained attention mostly for detecting antibiotic resistance.

Blood pressure and stature in Helicobacter pylori positive and negative persons

To evaluate vital signs and body indices in Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)positive and negative persons.A total of 22 centres entered the study.They were spread over the whole country,corresponding well to the geographical distribution of the Czech population.A total of 1818 subjects(aged 5-98 years)took part in the study,randomly selected out of 38147 subjects.H.pylori infection was investigated by means of a 13Curea breath test.Data on height,weight,systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were collected at the clinics of general practitioners.The overall prevalence of H.pylori infection was 30.4%(402/1321)in adults(≥18 year-old)and 5.2%(26/497)in children and adolescents(≤17 year-old).Once adjusted for age and gender,only a difference in body mass index remained statistically significant with H.pylori positive adults showing an increase of 0.6 kg/m2 in body mass index.Once adjusted for age and gender,we found a difference in height between H.pylori positive and H.pylori negative children and adolescents.On further adjustment for place of residence,this difference became statistically significant,with H.pylori positive children and adolescents being on average 3.5 cm shorter.H.pylori positive adults were significantly older compared to H.pylori negative subjects.Once adjusted for age and gender,H.pylori infection had no impact on body weight,body mass index and vital signs either in adults or children and adolescents.Chronic H.pylori infection appeared to be associated with short stature in children.H.pylori infection did not influence blood pressure,body weight and body mass index either in adults or children and adolescents.

Detection of anti-Helicobacter pyloriantibodies in serum and duodenal fluid in peptic gastroduodenal disease

AIM: To study the diagnosis of He/icobacterpy/ori(H pylori) infection through the determination of serum levels of anti-H pylori IgG and IgA antibodies, and the levels of anti- H pylori IgA antibodies in duodenal fluid. METHODS: Data were collected from 93 patients submitted to upper digestive endoscopy due to dyspeptic symptoms. The patients were either negative (group A) or positive (group B) to Hpyloriby means of both histological detection and urease tests. Before endoscopy, peripheral blood was collected for the investigation of anti-H pylori IgG and IgA antibodies. To perform the urease test, biopsies were obtained from the gastric antrum. For the histological evaluation, biopsies were collected from the gastric antrum (greater and lesser curvatures) and the gastric body. Following this, duodenal fluid was collected from the first and second portions of the duodenum. For the serological assaying of anti-Hpy/oriIgG and IgA, and anti-Hpy/oriIgA in duodenal fluids, the ELISA method was utilized. RESULTS: The concentration of serum IgG showed sensitivity of 64.0%, specificity of 83.7%, positive predictive value of 82.0%, negative predictive value of 66.6% and accuracy of 73.1% for the diagnosis of H pyloriinfection. For the same purpose, serum IgA showed sensitivity of 72.0%, specificity of 65.9%, positive predictive value of 72.0%, negative predictive value of 67.4% and accuracy of 69.8%. If the serological tests were considered together, i.e. when both were positive or negative, the accuracy was 80.0%, sensitivity was 86.6%, specificity was 74.2%, positive predictive value was 74.2% and negative predictive value was 86.6%. When values obtained in the test for detecting IgA in the duodenal fluid were analyzed, no significant difference (P=0.43) was observed between the values obtained from patients with or without Hpyloriinfection. CONCLUSION: The results of serum IgG and IgA tests for H pylori detection when used simultaneously, are more efficient in accuracy, sensitivity and negative predictive value, than those when used alone. The concentration of IgA antibodies in duodenal fluid is not useful in identifying patients with or without H pylori.

西藏各地市健康人群H.pylori菌感染状况分析

目的了解目前西藏地区人群幽门螺旋杆菌(Helicobacter pylori, H. pylori)的感染状况,为西藏地区幽门螺杆菌感染的防治提供临床数据.方法回顾2017年于西藏自治区人民政府驻成都办事处医院就诊且同时完成13C-尿素呼气试验的西藏地区体检者,收集临床资料、常居留地及H. pylori检测结果等.结果共纳入931例病例, H. pylori总体阳性率为480/931(51.6%,95%C I:48.3%-54.8%),其中藏族586例, H.pylori阳性率为331/586(56.5%,95%CI:52.5%-60.5%);汉族345例, H.pylori阳性率为149/345(43.2%,95%CI:37.9%-48.4%).藏汉族之间H.pylori阳性率存在显著差异(P <0.001).西藏地区各地市的H. pylori阳性率分别为:拉萨市99/219(45.2%,95%C I:38.6%-51.8%),昌都市213/372(57.3%,95%C I:52.2%-62.3%),林芝市56/110(50.9%,95%CI:41.4%-60.4%),山南市25/63(39.7%,95%CI:27.3%-52.1%),日喀则市21/51(41.2%,95%C I:27.2%-55.2%),那曲地区17/40(42.5%,95%C I:26.5%-58.5%),阿里地区49/76(64.5%,95%C I:53.5%-75.5%),各地市之间的H.pylori阳性率存在差异(P=0.002).结论西藏地区H. pylori现患率已下降趋于全国水平,藏汉族之间现患率存在差异,各地市H. pylori现患率亦存在差异.

医院工作人员幽门螺杆菌感染情况调查分析

目的了解我院职工幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染情况,提高我院职工对Hp感染相关疾病的认识,从而降低Hp相关疾病的发生率。方法回顾性分析2021年3月至2022年3月我院2566名职工于本院体检中心行^(14)C呼气试验的结果,统计其年龄、性别及所在科室等信息后进行分析。结果①2566名职工中,Hp阳性者775名,感染率为30.2%;②男性Hp感染率稍高于女性(32.8%与29.5%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);③Hp感染高峰年龄为31~40岁(31.8%,425/1336),其中临床科室(31.7%,591/1864)、辅助科室(26.8%,68/254)、职能科室(25.9%,116/448)间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);⑤临床科室中,手术科室与非手术科室Hp感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。并且各手术科室间、非手术科室间、辅助科室间及职能科室间Hp感染率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论我院职工Hp感染率低于全国平均水平;Hp感染与年龄、性别无关;临床一线工作者是Hp感染的高危人群。

海南省五指山市人群幽门螺旋杆菌感染现状调查及相关危险因素分析

目的了解五指山市自然人群幽门螺旋杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,Hp)感染的流行病学情况,从多种潜在影响及致病因素分析,为防治幽门螺旋杆菌感染提供科学依据。方法采用整体分层随机抽样法,对528名参检人员应用碳^(14)-尿素呼气试验(^(14)C-UBT)进行Hp检测,并对参检人员进行问卷调查的方式,分析影响Hp感染的高危因素。结果五指山市人群总感染率为42%。年龄(χ^(2)=7.312,P=0.032)、共用餐具(χ^(2)=6.363,P=0.024)、便后洗手习惯(χ^(2)=6.438,P=0.023),进食瓜果蔬菜(χ^(2)=8.438,P=0.014)和睡眠质量好(χ^(2)=12.638,P=0.049)与Hp感染有相关性。二元logistic回归分析后,年龄(β=0.583)、共用餐具(β=0.438)、睡眠状态好(β=0.193)和进食瓜果蔬菜(β=0.467)是影响Hp感染的独立相关因素。结论五指山市幽门螺旋杆菌感染率为42%,低于全国平均水平。中年人群和共用餐具是影响Hp感染的独立危险因素,进食瓜果蔬菜和睡眠质量好是Hp感染的独立保护因素。

琼海市自然人群幽门螺杆菌感染的流行病学调查

目的对琼海市自然人群进行幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)感染的流行病学调查,为本地区H.pylori的防治提供参考。方法采用整体分层随机抽样的方法选取琼海市四个镇共535名居民进行问卷调查和尿素^(14)C呼气试验,计算人群感染率,并分析感染相关危险因素。结果琼海市人群总感染率为42.8%。家庭月收入(χ^(2)=5.063,P=0.027)、进食瓜果蔬菜(χ^(2)=8.268,P=0.004)、便后洗手习惯(χ^(2)=6.389,P=0.015)和运动习惯(χ^(2)=5.164,P=0.028)与H.pylori感染有相关性。二元logistic回归分析后,家庭月收入较低(β=0.427)、定期锻炼(β=0.484)和进食瓜果蔬菜(β=0.617)是影响H.pylori感染的独立相关因素。结论琼海市的H.pylori感染率较全国平均水平低。家庭月收入较低是影响H.pylori感染的独立危险因素,定期锻炼和进食瓜果蔬菜是H.pylori感染的独立保护因素。

^(14)C尿素呼气试验在诊断幽门螺杆菌感染中的临床价值

目的分析^(14)C尿素呼气试验(^(14)C-UBT)在幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染诊断中的应用价值。方法本项研究于2019年6月正式启动,截止时间是2022年6月。选用此时间段到医院接受就诊的上腹部不适患者200例为研究对象,均接受快速尿素酶试验(RUT)和^(14)C-UBT,以活体组织检查为诊断金标准,对比观察两组诊断方法应用价值。结果200例患者中,经病理检查确诊有181例,比较两组检测方法对慢性胃炎、十二指肠炎、消化性溃疡等疾病的诊断阳性率,对比两组检测方法对胃癌、胃息肉、慢性胃炎的阳性检出率,结果无显著差异(P>0.05);在十二指肠炎、消化性溃疡阳性率诊断上,^(14)C-UBT阳性检出率高,组间数据比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);比较两组诊断方式的诊断效能,包括对疾病的诊断灵敏度、准确度等,^(14)C-UBT检测方法具有更好的诊断效能(P<0.05)。结论^(14)C-UBT和RUT是诊断HP感染的有效检测手段,但前者能有效提高Hp检出率,且诊断效能较为显著,能够为患者后续诊治提供更多的指导依据,临床值得推广应用。

山东临朐县农村幽门螺杆菌感染的初步调查

采用１３Ｃ－尿素呼气试验方法对山东临朐县４０～６９岁２１８例村民进行了幽门螺杆菌（ＨＰ）感染的初步流行病学调查，并将此结果与胃镜下的病理变化作了比较。结果发现，总ＨＰ感染率为７１．１０％，肾性为６９．４９％，女性为７３．００％。重度萎缩性胃炎患者ＨＰ感染率显著高于轻度萎缩性胃炎患者（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＨＰ阳性者自觉胃部症状发生率高于ＨＰ阴性组。

兰州市健康体检人群幽门螺杆菌感染情况调查

背景:幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染与消化性溃疡、胃癌等多种疾病的发生、发展密切相关。我国是Hp感染高发国,平均现症感染率为55%。目的:了解兰州市健康人群的Hp感染情况,为当地Hp感染的防治提供依据。方法:纳入2014年5月—2015年7月在兰州军区兰州总医院参加体检的健康成人3 239例,采用^(13)C-尿素呼气试验检测Hp感染情况。结果:3 239例受检者的Hp总体感染率为51.8%(1 679/3 239),其中男性和女性感染率分别为52.5%(1 197/2 279)和50.2%(482/960),总体和分年龄段男女性感染率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄段组间Hp感染率差异显著(P<0.05),41~60岁年龄段组感染率最高。结论:兰州市健康人群Hp现症感染率为51.8%,是一个不容忽视的公共卫生问题。Hp感染率随年龄增长而逐渐增高,与性别则无明显关联。

军事应激与入伍新兵胃部幽门螺杆菌感染的关系研究

目的探讨新兵入伍军事训练前后胃部幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染情况。方法抽取某部新兵集训基地参加入伍军事训练的新兵60名,分别在军训前和军训后对其进行症状自评量表(SCL-90)问卷调查、血清皮质醇(COR)检测、HP抗体检测和14C呼气试验。结果入伍新兵军训前SCL-90总均分及各因子分与中国常模比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),军训后SCL-90总均分以及躯体化、抑郁、偏执因子分较中国常模升高(P<0.05)。军训后血清COR水平和14C呼气试验值均较军训前升高(P<0.05),军训前后HP阳性率无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论军事应激可致入伍新兵胃部HP定植量增加,感染加重。

健康体检人群中幽门螺旋杆菌感染现状的调查及分析

目的：调查分析健康体检人群幽门螺旋杆菌（ Hp）感染状况，分析其相关的影响因素，并提出相应的对策措施。方法采用回顾分析与查阅资料的方法。选取我院2014年7月－2015年7月健康体检的南京市某社区居民150例为研究对象。体检方法为碳13-尿素呼气试验，并结合我院自制的调查问卷表格操作实施。结果①健康体检人群中Hp感染率与人群年龄分布相关。年龄愈大，Hp感染率愈低。32～45岁之间的人群Hp感染阳性率高达88．24％，46～55岁为61．90％，56～65岁为59．57％，66～75岁为54．76％，75岁以上为56．52％。②有嗜烟、酒史的人群，Hp感染率较高。在98例吸烟居民中，阳性率高达73．47％（72／98）。经常喝酒的86例中，阳性率高达80．23％（69／86）。与不吸烟和少量饮酒的人群相比，阳性率分别为26．92％和29．69％，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。③患有高血压与非高血压的人群阳性率无统计学差异。患有糖尿病、冠心病与未患糖尿病、冠心病人群比较，Hp感染率差异有统计学差异（ P＜0．05）。结论健康体检人群中Hp感染率与年龄、吸烟喝酒嗜好、慢性疾病（冠心病、糖尿病）密切相关，为指导临床Hp感染患者的治疗与预防提供了流行病学依据。

应用^(13)C-尿素呼气试验检测成都市健康体检者胃幽门螺杆菌感染情况分析

目的通过应用13C-尿素呼气试验(13C-urea breath test,C-UBT)对成都市健康体检者开展幽门螺杆菌(Helico-bacter pylori,Hp)检测,比较不同年龄、性别和季节之间Hp阳性感染率的差异,探讨Hp感染分布规律。方法采用13C-UBT检测2400例健康体检人群的Hp感染情况,并按年龄、性别和季节分组,进行统计分析。结果 Hp感染率为44.08%,但性别和季节差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而不同年龄组的Hp感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论呼气试验适用于体检人群中Hp感染的检测。应通过健康教育提高人们相关知识水平,从而自觉预防和控制胃部疾病的发生。

急性心肌梗死患者幽门螺杆菌感染情况及其与上消化道出血的相关性

目的探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染情况及其与上消化道出血的相关性。方法通过13C-尿素呼气试验检测160例AMI患者(AMI组)及50例无明确冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)史患者(对照组)的HP感染率,观察AMI患者上消化道出血的发生率,并分析HP感染与上消化道出血的相关性。同时对160例AMI患者随访3个月,记录随访期间的主要心脏不良事件和上消化道出血事件。结果 AMI组90例(56%,90/160)患者检出HP阳性,明显高于对照组(42%,21/50)(P<0.05)。HP感染与AMI患者的年龄、性别、吸烟史、高血压病史、糖尿病史等冠心病危险因素无关(P>0.05),HP阳性组与HP阴性组比较,三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、超敏C-反应蛋白及纤维蛋白原等差异亦均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。5%(8/160)AMI患者在住院期间发生了上消化道出血。HP阳性与HP阴性AMI患者上消化道出血的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),随访期间的主要心脏不良事件和上消化道出血事件差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 HP感染与冠心病相关,但HP感染不能预测上消化道出血的风险,HP感染与AMI患者3个月的预后无明显相关性。

鄂尔多斯市10092例消化科门诊患者幽门螺杆菌感染状况分析

目的了解鄂尔多斯市人群幽门螺杆菌感染情况。方法选择2012年1月～2015年1月在我院门诊行14C－尿素呼气试验的10092例患者进行统计分析。结果10092例患者Hp感染率为45．76％，其中男性感染率为46．58％，女性感染率为44．98％，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。2012～2015年本地区Hp感染无上升，但根除率降低。结论鄂尔多斯市Hp感染率略低于全国平均感染率，根除率有逐年下降的趋势。

两种^(13)C-尿素呼气试验试剂诊断幽门螺杆菌感染临床可靠性比较

背景:13C鄄尿素呼气试验快捷、无创伤,敏感性和特异性高,在临床上被广泛应用于幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)感染的检测。从加拿大进口的13C鄄尿素试剂已获得国家食品药品监督管理局许可并应用于临床。目的:与加拿大进口的13C鄄尿素试剂进行比较,评估美国Isotec公司生产的13C鄄尿素试剂用于诊断H.pylori感染的临床可靠性。方法:114例因上消化道症状接受胃镜检查者随机分为A、B两组,取胃窦活检标本分别作快速尿素酶试验、组织学检查和H.pylori培养,三项中有两项或以上阳性,或H.pylori培养单项阳性判为H.pylori感染,否则判为无H.pylori感染,以此作为诊断H.pylori感染的金标准。A组使用加拿大进口的13C鄄尿素试剂,B组使用美国Isotec公司生产的13C鄄尿素试剂,分别进行13C鄄尿素呼气试验。根据金标准分别计算和比较两组13C鄄尿素呼气试验的准确性、敏感性、特异性和阳性预测值、阴性预测值。结果:A组13C鄄尿素呼气试验诊断H.pylori感染的准确性为92.8%,敏感性为94.1%,特异性为90.9%,阳性预测值为94.1%,阴性预测值为90.9%;B组准确性为98.3%,敏感性为96.9%,特异性为100%,阳性预测值为100%,阴性预测值为96.3%。两组上述各项指标均无显著差异。结论:A组和B组13C鄄尿素呼气试验诊断H.pylori感染的准确性、敏感性。

^(14)C呼气试验与快速尿素酶试验检测幽门螺杆菌感染的对比研究

目的:探讨14C呼气试验和快速尿素酶试验两种方法对幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)感染的诊断价值。方法:107例有消化道症状的患者,分别用14C呼气试验和快速尿素酶试验两种方法进行检测,比较两种方法对H.pylori检测符合率及灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。结果:两种方法对H.pylori感染的检出率分别为92.0%和89.8%,但差异无统计学意义。14C呼气试验的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为92.7%、88.0%、93.8%和84.6%。快速尿素酶试验灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为87.8%、80.0%、91.1%和71.4%。结论:14C呼气试验和快速尿素酶试验对H.pylori感染的诊断均有很高的敏感性和特异性,是临床上用于H.pylori感染诊断的可靠方法。