Levilactobacillus brevis FZU0713, a potential probiotic previously isolated from the traditional brewing process of Hongqu rice wine, may have the beneficial effects on improving lipid metabolism. This study aimed to ...Levilactobacillus brevis FZU0713, a potential probiotic previously isolated from the traditional brewing process of Hongqu rice wine, may have the beneficial effects on improving lipid metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo protective effects and possible mechanism of L. brevis FZU0713 on the disturbance of lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats fed a high-fat diet(HFD). Results showed that oral administration of L. brevis FZU0713 could significantly inhibit obesity, ameliorate the lipid metabolism disorder, including serum/liver biochemical parameters and hepatic oxidative stress in HFD-fed rats. Histopathological result also indicated that dietary intervention of L. brevis FZU0713 could reduce the accumulation of lipid droplets in liver induced by 8 weeks HFD feeding. Furthermore, L. brevis FZU0713 intervention significantly increased the fecal levels of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs, including acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate and isovalerate)in HFD-fed rats, which may be closely related to the changes of intestinal microbial composition and metabolic function. Intestinal microbiota profiling by 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that L. brevis FZU0713 intervention significantly altered the relative abundance of Coprococcus, Butyricicoccus, Intestinimonas, Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214 group, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 and UCG-014 at genus levels. Based on Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, serum and liver lipid metabolism related biochemical parameters were positively correlated with genera Ruminococcus, Pediococcus and Lachnospiraceae, but negatively correlated with genera Pseudoflavonifractor, Butyricicoccus and Intestinimonas. Furthermore, liver metabolomics analysis demonstrated that L. brevis FZU0713 had a significant regulatory effect on the composition of liver metabolites in hyperlipidemic rats, especially the levels of some important biomarkers involved in the metabolic pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid, fructose and mannose metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, etc. Additionally, oral administration of L. brevis FZU0713 significantly regulated the mR NA levels of liver genes(including Acat2, Acox1, Hmgcr, Cd36, Srebp-1c and Cyp7a1)involved in lipid metabolism and bile acid homeostasis. In conclusion, our findings provide the evidence that L. brevis FZU0713 has the potential to improve disturbance of lipid metabolism by regulating intestinal microflora and liver metabonomic profile. Therefore, L. brevis FZU0713 may be used as a potential probiotic strain to produce functional food to prevent hyperlipidemia.展开更多
从泰山土壤中分离获得一株对多种动物病原细菌具有强烈拮抗作用的细菌—短短芽孢杆菌(Brevibacillus bre-vis)XDH。采用摇瓶培养法对发酵培养基配方进行了研究。通过单因素试验和均匀设计试验确定了XDH菌株发酵培养基最佳组成为:葡萄糖1...从泰山土壤中分离获得一株对多种动物病原细菌具有强烈拮抗作用的细菌—短短芽孢杆菌(Brevibacillus bre-vis)XDH。采用摇瓶培养法对发酵培养基配方进行了研究。通过单因素试验和均匀设计试验确定了XDH菌株发酵培养基最佳组成为:葡萄糖1.5%、黄豆饼粉3.0%、蛋白胨0.2%、NaC l 0.1%、(NH4)2SO40.5%、CaCO30.6%、MgSO40.6%。发酵液效价达到1456.8μg/mL,比基础培养基效价提高近10倍。展开更多
The aim of the present study was to optimize trypsin inhibitor degradation in soybean meal by solid-state fermentation (SSF) with Lactobacillus brevis and Aspergillus oryzae, and to determine the effect of SSF on ph...The aim of the present study was to optimize trypsin inhibitor degradation in soybean meal by solid-state fermentation (SSF) with Lactobacillus brevis and Aspergillus oryzae, and to determine the effect of SSF on phytic acid, crude protein, crude fat, and amino acid profile. Response surface methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken design was used to optimize SSF. The optimal conditions derived from RSM for L. brevis fermentation were: pH=5. 1; inoculum size=10%; duration=72 h; substrate to water ratio=1.5. The minimum content of trypsin inhibitors was 6.4 mg g^-1 dry matter. The optimal conditions derived from RSM for A. oryzae fermentation were: substrate to water ratio= 0.8 1; inoculum size=4%; duration=120 h. The minimum content of trypsin inhibitors was 1.6 mg g^-1 dry matter. Both L. brevis and A. oryzae decreased trypsin inhibitors dramatically (57.1 and 89.2% respectively). L. brevis fermentation did not affect phytic acid (0.4%) and crude fat (5.2%) considerably, whereas A. oryzae fermentation degraded phytic acid (34.8%) and crude fat (22.0%) contents to a certain extent. Crude protein content was increased after both fermentation (6.4 and 12.9% for L. brevis and A. oryzae respectively). Urease activity was reduced greatly (83.3 and 58.3% for L. brevis and A. oryzae respectively). In conclusion, SSF with A. oryzae and L. brevis reduced trypsin inhibitor content and modified major macronutrients in soybean meal.展开更多
Dawazisaurus brevis(gen. et sp. nov.) is a newly discovered Triassic marine reptile, represented by a complete skeleton from Member II of the Guanling Formation of Luoping, Yunnan Province, China. This paper aims to...Dawazisaurus brevis(gen. et sp. nov.) is a newly discovered Triassic marine reptile, represented by a complete skeleton from Member II of the Guanling Formation of Luoping, Yunnan Province, China. This paper aims to(1) present a thorough description of the species,(2) make a detailed comparison to demonstrate if the species can be referred to any known sauropterygian taxa, and(3) conduct phylogenetic analyses to establish the internal relationships of the species with other sauropterygians. In addition, the discovery of Dawazisaurus provides a chance not only to test the phylogenetic patterns of the Sauropterygia obtained by previous studies but also to evaluate the previous hypotheses on the origin of the sauropterygian groups at different levels. D. brevis is an eosauropterygian, characterized by a unique combination of derived features such as a pair of large nasals joining in the formation of the internarial septum, a short trunk with 16 dorsal vertebrae; the zygapophyses of the trunk vertebrae very small or weakly developed; the posterior margin of the skull roof deeply V-shaped, and an ossified distal carpal 5. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that D. brevis appears to be more closely related to the Nothosauroidea than the Pistosauroidea within the Eosauropterygia.展开更多
Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)is a natural non-protein functio nal amino acid,which has potential for fermentation industrial production by Lactobacillus brevis.This work investigated the batch fermentation process and...Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)is a natural non-protein functio nal amino acid,which has potential for fermentation industrial production by Lactobacillus brevis.This work investigated the batch fermentation process and developed a kinetic model based on substrate restrictive model established by experimental data from L25(5~6)orthogonal experiments.In this study,the OD600 value of fermentation broth was fixed to constant after reaching its maximum because the microorganism death showed no effect on the enzyme activity of glutamate decarboxylase(GAD).As pH is one of the key parameters in fermentation process,a pH-dependent kinetic model based on radial basis function was developed to enhance the practicality of the model.Furthermore,as to decrease the deviations between the simulated curves and the experimental data,the rolling correction strategy with OD600 values that was measured in real-time was introduced into this work to modify the model.Finally,the accu racy of the rolling corrected and pH-dependent model was validated by good fitness between the simulated curves and data of the initial batch fermentation(pH 5.2).As a result,this pH-dependent kinetic model revealed that the optimal pH for biomass growth is 5.6-5.7 and for GABA production is about 5,respectively.Therefore,the developed model is practical and convenient for the instruction of GABA fermentation production,and it has instructive significance for the industrial scale.展开更多
Previously, we reported that changes induced in autonomic neurotransmission in rats by Lactobacillus brevis SBC8803 may be mediated by serotonin 3 (5-HT3) receptors. In this study, we evaluated the effects of heat-kil...Previously, we reported that changes induced in autonomic neurotransmission in rats by Lactobacillus brevis SBC8803 may be mediated by serotonin 3 (5-HT3) receptors. In this study, we evaluated the effects of heat-killed L. brevis SBC8803 on serotonin (5-HT) releasing from intestinal cells. In the in vitro study, L. brevis SBC8803 stimulated 5-HT release from cultured rat endocrine RIN-14B cells (SBC8803 vs. sterile water;P in vivo study, 2 mg of heat-killed L. brevis SBC8803 was administered using a stomach sonde (feeding needle) to C57BL/6J mice. Analysis of plasma by ELISA showed gradually increase in 5-HT concentrations (0 min vs. 60 min;P ex vivo cultured intestinal loops composed of duodenum and part of the jejunum, from C3H/HeN and C57BL/6J male mice indicated that L. brevis SBC8803 effectively induced 5-HT release (SBC8803 vs. sterile water;P L. brevis SBC8803 may stimulate 5-HT release from mouse intestinal cells such as enterochromaffin cells.展开更多
The therapeutic effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)on diabetes was spread as one of the alarming epidemics worldwide.The study aims to investigate the function of Lactobacillus brevis KLDS_(1.0727) and KLDS_(1.037...The therapeutic effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)on diabetes was spread as one of the alarming epidemics worldwide.The study aims to investigate the function of Lactobacillus brevis KLDS_(1.0727) and KLDS_(1.0373) strains as glutamic acid decarboxylase 65(GAD65)carriers capable of generating GABA by comparing in vitro free and freeze-dried models and GABA intervention in vivo.PCR amplification of gad and in vitro i.e.,(growth rate,viability at different pH,bile tolerance,and survivability in simulated gastric juice)were performed.In vivo experiments were conducted in 7 groups of C57BL/6J mice.Each group was injected with streptozotocin(Cont_(STZ),INSSTZ,LAC1_(STZ),LAC_(1MFDSTZ),LAC_(2STZ),LAC_(2MFDSTZ))daily except for the control(Cont).One group was injected with insulin(INSSTZ).The body weight and hyperglycemia in the blood were assessed weekly,post-euthanasia blood plasma parameters,insulin,and histological examination were evaluated.Results indicated L.brevis strains demonstrated a great tolerance to bile and simulated gastric juice in vitro(P<0.05).Cont_(STZ) had the highest average glucose level(6.84±6.46)mmol/L while INS_(STZ) expressed dramatically decreed in glucose level and displayed a significant decline in the average of weekly blood glucose(−5.74±3.08)mmol/L.The lowest body weight(ContSTZ)was(19.30±0.25)g.Based on the blood plasma analysis,L.brevis strains improved good cholesterol properties,liver and kidney functions,where most of these parameters fall within the average the reference range and prevent the development of symptoms of type 1 diabetes in vivo.As recommended,L.brevis should be commonly distributed as a postbiotic GABA in pharmaceutical and nutritional applications.展开更多
A constitutive expression vector pHY300-F1gfp was constructed to test the function of a promoter F1 subcloned from a rice epiphyte Bacillus brevis strain DX01. The DX01 cells harboring plasmid pHY300-F1gfp were detect...A constitutive expression vector pHY300-F1gfp was constructed to test the function of a promoter F1 subcloned from a rice epiphyte Bacillus brevis strain DX01. The DX01 cells harboring plasmid pHY300-F1gfp were detected to produce bright green fluorescence. Subsequently, the gfp-tagged B. brevis strain was released into the soil and its survival was investigated by PCR and the detection of green fluorescence. The spatial location of in situ gfp-tagged bacterial cells on the root surface of rice seedlings was visualized. All these results indicated that green fluorescent protein is an ideal molecular marker for detection of the activities of promoter F1, and it is also a reliable probe to monitor specific B. brevis bacteria in the environment.展开更多
We are reporting a case of extensor pollicis longus tendon rupture which did not require tendon transfer owing to the ability of the intact extensor pollicis brevis(EPB) to fully hyperextend the thumb interphalangeal ...We are reporting a case of extensor pollicis longus tendon rupture which did not require tendon transfer owing to the ability of the intact extensor pollicis brevis(EPB) to fully hyperextend the thumb interphalangeal joint. The thumb metacarpophalangeal joint was also able to be fully actively extended by the EPB. Previous anatomical studies have demonstrated that the insertional anatomy of the EPB tendon is highly variable and sometimes inserts onto the extensor hood and distal phalanx, which is likely the mechanism by which our patient was able to fully extend the thumb interphalangeal joint. Despite the potential for the EPB to extend the IP joint of the thumb, virtually all previously reported cases of extensor pollicis longus(EPL) tendon rupture had deficits of thumb IP extension requiring tendon transfer. This case highlights the potential ability of the EPB tendon to completely substitute for the function of the EPL tendon in providing thumb IP joint extension.展开更多
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in Japanese habitual drinkers was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus brevis SBC8803 to alleviate adverse effect of alcohol. Subjects who d...A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in Japanese habitual drinkers was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus brevis SBC8803 to alleviate adverse effect of alcohol. Subjects who drank habitually and had moderately higher levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (50 - 100 IU/L) were enrolled. The levels of transaminases in these subjects were almost within normal levels (aspartate transaminase (AST) <30 IU/L and alanine transaminase (ALT) <40 IU/L). Either the capsules containing placebo (n = 23) or 130 mg (4.0 × 1010 colony-forming units) of live L. brevis SBC8803 (n = 22) per day were administered for the continuous eight weeks (56 days). During the period, the subjects both in test group and placebo groups have kept each drinking behavior as usual. Regarding lipid metabolism, triacylglycerol (TG) levels in the male test group significantly decreased at week 4 as compared with week 0. Biomarkers of hepatocytes-damage;AST and ALT levels showed no significant differences between the pla- cebo and test groups at both weeks 4 and 8. Oxidative stress marker;GGT at weeks 4 was significantly lower in the test group than that in the placebo group (p = 0.017), but not at weeks 8. However, taking a reduced rate of GGT at weeks 8 comparing with that at week 0, that in the test group showed larger value comparing with that in the placebo group. These data about TG and GGT suggest that, although efficacy of L. brevis SBC8803 is limited in this study, intake of the probiotic may alleviate alcoholic influence in lipid metabolism and oxidative stress.展开更多
Objective: To examine the influence of Glyphaea (G.) brevis twig extract on the mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, integrity of the tight junctions between adjacent cells, mitochondria, apoptosis, nucleus and expre...Objective: To examine the influence of Glyphaea (G.) brevis twig extract on the mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, integrity of the tight junctions between adjacent cells, mitochondria, apoptosis, nucleus and expression of inhibin-β, stem cell factor, and androgen binding protein in TM4 Sertoli cells. Methods: TM4 cell line was used in this study as it exhibited properties similar to the Sertoli cells. TM4 Sertoli cells were exposed to G. brevis twig extract (0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 100.0, or 1000.0μg/mL) for 24, 48 and 72 h. Parameters studied included cell viability [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay], mitochondrial membrane potential (tetra methyl rhodamine ethyl ester dye), transepithelial electrical resistance, apoptosis (Annexin V Alexa Fluor?488/propidium iodide assay) and mRNA expression (quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction). Results: G. brevis twig extract had no cytotoxic impact on cell viability, thus, considerably increasing the activity of mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzyme after 24 and 72 h exposure. Transepithelial electrical resistance values revealed substantial (P<0.05) rise in treated groups, especially after 72 h of treatment. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in mitochondrial depolarization of TM4 Sertoli cells exposed to G. brevis twig extract when compared to controls. In addition, G. brevis twig extract significantly reduced necrosis and apoptosis of TM4 Sertoli cells when compared to control. Nevertheless, fluorescence microscopy revealed that the nuclei were egg-shaped and marked uniformly with consistent cell shape at the middle of the TM4 Sertoli cells. Significant stimulatory effects were observed on mRNA levels of inhibin-β, androgen binding protein and stem cell factor. Conclusions: G. brevis twig extract may increase the secretory roles of TM4 Sertoli cells, cells proliferation, as well as cell-cell tight junction integrity. Thus, G. brevis twig may enhance spermatogenesis.展开更多
A new flavonoid, acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (1), together with four known flavonoids, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (2), acacetin (3), acace...A new flavonoid, acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (1), together with four known flavonoids, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (2), acacetin (3), acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide (4) and genkwanin-5-O-primveroside (5) were isolated from the leaves of Glyphaea brevis. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques. The isolated compounds (1 - 5) were tested for their antioxidant activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The tested compounds showed slight negative antioxidant activities against DPPH radicals.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31601466)funding from Outstanding Talent of “Qishan Scholar” of Fuzhou University (GXRC21049)Outstanding Young Scientific Talents of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (XJQ201607)。
文摘Levilactobacillus brevis FZU0713, a potential probiotic previously isolated from the traditional brewing process of Hongqu rice wine, may have the beneficial effects on improving lipid metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo protective effects and possible mechanism of L. brevis FZU0713 on the disturbance of lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats fed a high-fat diet(HFD). Results showed that oral administration of L. brevis FZU0713 could significantly inhibit obesity, ameliorate the lipid metabolism disorder, including serum/liver biochemical parameters and hepatic oxidative stress in HFD-fed rats. Histopathological result also indicated that dietary intervention of L. brevis FZU0713 could reduce the accumulation of lipid droplets in liver induced by 8 weeks HFD feeding. Furthermore, L. brevis FZU0713 intervention significantly increased the fecal levels of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs, including acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate and isovalerate)in HFD-fed rats, which may be closely related to the changes of intestinal microbial composition and metabolic function. Intestinal microbiota profiling by 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that L. brevis FZU0713 intervention significantly altered the relative abundance of Coprococcus, Butyricicoccus, Intestinimonas, Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214 group, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 and UCG-014 at genus levels. Based on Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, serum and liver lipid metabolism related biochemical parameters were positively correlated with genera Ruminococcus, Pediococcus and Lachnospiraceae, but negatively correlated with genera Pseudoflavonifractor, Butyricicoccus and Intestinimonas. Furthermore, liver metabolomics analysis demonstrated that L. brevis FZU0713 had a significant regulatory effect on the composition of liver metabolites in hyperlipidemic rats, especially the levels of some important biomarkers involved in the metabolic pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid, fructose and mannose metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, etc. Additionally, oral administration of L. brevis FZU0713 significantly regulated the mR NA levels of liver genes(including Acat2, Acox1, Hmgcr, Cd36, Srebp-1c and Cyp7a1)involved in lipid metabolism and bile acid homeostasis. In conclusion, our findings provide the evidence that L. brevis FZU0713 has the potential to improve disturbance of lipid metabolism by regulating intestinal microflora and liver metabonomic profile. Therefore, L. brevis FZU0713 may be used as a potential probiotic strain to produce functional food to prevent hyperlipidemia.
文摘从泰山土壤中分离获得一株对多种动物病原细菌具有强烈拮抗作用的细菌—短短芽孢杆菌(Brevibacillus bre-vis)XDH。采用摇瓶培养法对发酵培养基配方进行了研究。通过单因素试验和均匀设计试验确定了XDH菌株发酵培养基最佳组成为:葡萄糖1.5%、黄豆饼粉3.0%、蛋白胨0.2%、NaC l 0.1%、(NH4)2SO40.5%、CaCO30.6%、MgSO40.6%。发酵液效价达到1456.8μg/mL,比基础培养基效价提高近10倍。
基金supported by a research project of the Science and Technology Key Group in Zhejiang Provincethe research projects from the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province,China (2009C12068)
文摘The aim of the present study was to optimize trypsin inhibitor degradation in soybean meal by solid-state fermentation (SSF) with Lactobacillus brevis and Aspergillus oryzae, and to determine the effect of SSF on phytic acid, crude protein, crude fat, and amino acid profile. Response surface methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken design was used to optimize SSF. The optimal conditions derived from RSM for L. brevis fermentation were: pH=5. 1; inoculum size=10%; duration=72 h; substrate to water ratio=1.5. The minimum content of trypsin inhibitors was 6.4 mg g^-1 dry matter. The optimal conditions derived from RSM for A. oryzae fermentation were: substrate to water ratio= 0.8 1; inoculum size=4%; duration=120 h. The minimum content of trypsin inhibitors was 1.6 mg g^-1 dry matter. Both L. brevis and A. oryzae decreased trypsin inhibitors dramatically (57.1 and 89.2% respectively). L. brevis fermentation did not affect phytic acid (0.4%) and crude fat (5.2%) considerably, whereas A. oryzae fermentation degraded phytic acid (34.8%) and crude fat (22.0%) contents to a certain extent. Crude protein content was increased after both fermentation (6.4 and 12.9% for L. brevis and A. oryzae respectively). Urease activity was reduced greatly (83.3 and 58.3% for L. brevis and A. oryzae respectively). In conclusion, SSF with A. oryzae and L. brevis reduced trypsin inhibitor content and modified major macronutrients in soybean meal.
基金supported by research grants from the NMNS and the National Science CouncilTaiwan(NSC-95-2116-M-178-001)(to Y.-n.C)+1 种基金from the CMN(RCP09 to X.-c.W)from Tokyo Gakugei University(to T.S)
文摘Dawazisaurus brevis(gen. et sp. nov.) is a newly discovered Triassic marine reptile, represented by a complete skeleton from Member II of the Guanling Formation of Luoping, Yunnan Province, China. This paper aims to(1) present a thorough description of the species,(2) make a detailed comparison to demonstrate if the species can be referred to any known sauropterygian taxa, and(3) conduct phylogenetic analyses to establish the internal relationships of the species with other sauropterygians. In addition, the discovery of Dawazisaurus provides a chance not only to test the phylogenetic patterns of the Sauropterygia obtained by previous studies but also to evaluate the previous hypotheses on the origin of the sauropterygian groups at different levels. D. brevis is an eosauropterygian, characterized by a unique combination of derived features such as a pair of large nasals joining in the formation of the internarial septum, a short trunk with 16 dorsal vertebrae; the zygapophyses of the trunk vertebrae very small or weakly developed; the posterior margin of the skull roof deeply V-shaped, and an ossified distal carpal 5. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that D. brevis appears to be more closely related to the Nothosauroidea than the Pistosauroidea within the Eosauropterygia.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21621004,22078239)the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Basic Research Cooperation Project(B2021210008)+1 种基金Tianjin Synthetic Biotechnology Innovation Capacity Improvement Project(TSBICIP-KJGG-004)the Tianjin Development Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship(2018)。
文摘Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)is a natural non-protein functio nal amino acid,which has potential for fermentation industrial production by Lactobacillus brevis.This work investigated the batch fermentation process and developed a kinetic model based on substrate restrictive model established by experimental data from L25(5~6)orthogonal experiments.In this study,the OD600 value of fermentation broth was fixed to constant after reaching its maximum because the microorganism death showed no effect on the enzyme activity of glutamate decarboxylase(GAD).As pH is one of the key parameters in fermentation process,a pH-dependent kinetic model based on radial basis function was developed to enhance the practicality of the model.Furthermore,as to decrease the deviations between the simulated curves and the experimental data,the rolling correction strategy with OD600 values that was measured in real-time was introduced into this work to modify the model.Finally,the accu racy of the rolling corrected and pH-dependent model was validated by good fitness between the simulated curves and data of the initial batch fermentation(pH 5.2).As a result,this pH-dependent kinetic model revealed that the optimal pH for biomass growth is 5.6-5.7 and for GABA production is about 5,respectively.Therefore,the developed model is practical and convenient for the instruction of GABA fermentation production,and it has instructive significance for the industrial scale.
文摘Previously, we reported that changes induced in autonomic neurotransmission in rats by Lactobacillus brevis SBC8803 may be mediated by serotonin 3 (5-HT3) receptors. In this study, we evaluated the effects of heat-killed L. brevis SBC8803 on serotonin (5-HT) releasing from intestinal cells. In the in vitro study, L. brevis SBC8803 stimulated 5-HT release from cultured rat endocrine RIN-14B cells (SBC8803 vs. sterile water;P in vivo study, 2 mg of heat-killed L. brevis SBC8803 was administered using a stomach sonde (feeding needle) to C57BL/6J mice. Analysis of plasma by ELISA showed gradually increase in 5-HT concentrations (0 min vs. 60 min;P ex vivo cultured intestinal loops composed of duodenum and part of the jejunum, from C3H/HeN and C57BL/6J male mice indicated that L. brevis SBC8803 effectively induced 5-HT release (SBC8803 vs. sterile water;P L. brevis SBC8803 may stimulate 5-HT release from mouse intestinal cells such as enterochromaffin cells.
基金supported by grant from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFE0120500).
文摘The therapeutic effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)on diabetes was spread as one of the alarming epidemics worldwide.The study aims to investigate the function of Lactobacillus brevis KLDS_(1.0727) and KLDS_(1.0373) strains as glutamic acid decarboxylase 65(GAD65)carriers capable of generating GABA by comparing in vitro free and freeze-dried models and GABA intervention in vivo.PCR amplification of gad and in vitro i.e.,(growth rate,viability at different pH,bile tolerance,and survivability in simulated gastric juice)were performed.In vivo experiments were conducted in 7 groups of C57BL/6J mice.Each group was injected with streptozotocin(Cont_(STZ),INSSTZ,LAC1_(STZ),LAC_(1MFDSTZ),LAC_(2STZ),LAC_(2MFDSTZ))daily except for the control(Cont).One group was injected with insulin(INSSTZ).The body weight and hyperglycemia in the blood were assessed weekly,post-euthanasia blood plasma parameters,insulin,and histological examination were evaluated.Results indicated L.brevis strains demonstrated a great tolerance to bile and simulated gastric juice in vitro(P<0.05).Cont_(STZ) had the highest average glucose level(6.84±6.46)mmol/L while INS_(STZ) expressed dramatically decreed in glucose level and displayed a significant decline in the average of weekly blood glucose(−5.74±3.08)mmol/L.The lowest body weight(ContSTZ)was(19.30±0.25)g.Based on the blood plasma analysis,L.brevis strains improved good cholesterol properties,liver and kidney functions,where most of these parameters fall within the average the reference range and prevent the development of symptoms of type 1 diabetes in vivo.As recommended,L.brevis should be commonly distributed as a postbiotic GABA in pharmaceutical and nutritional applications.
基金Item supported by the McKnight founda-tion and science and technology commission of Shanghai (No.KBH1322093)
文摘A constitutive expression vector pHY300-F1gfp was constructed to test the function of a promoter F1 subcloned from a rice epiphyte Bacillus brevis strain DX01. The DX01 cells harboring plasmid pHY300-F1gfp were detected to produce bright green fluorescence. Subsequently, the gfp-tagged B. brevis strain was released into the soil and its survival was investigated by PCR and the detection of green fluorescence. The spatial location of in situ gfp-tagged bacterial cells on the root surface of rice seedlings was visualized. All these results indicated that green fluorescent protein is an ideal molecular marker for detection of the activities of promoter F1, and it is also a reliable probe to monitor specific B. brevis bacteria in the environment.
文摘We are reporting a case of extensor pollicis longus tendon rupture which did not require tendon transfer owing to the ability of the intact extensor pollicis brevis(EPB) to fully hyperextend the thumb interphalangeal joint. The thumb metacarpophalangeal joint was also able to be fully actively extended by the EPB. Previous anatomical studies have demonstrated that the insertional anatomy of the EPB tendon is highly variable and sometimes inserts onto the extensor hood and distal phalanx, which is likely the mechanism by which our patient was able to fully extend the thumb interphalangeal joint. Despite the potential for the EPB to extend the IP joint of the thumb, virtually all previously reported cases of extensor pollicis longus(EPL) tendon rupture had deficits of thumb IP extension requiring tendon transfer. This case highlights the potential ability of the EPB tendon to completely substitute for the function of the EPL tendon in providing thumb IP joint extension.
文摘A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in Japanese habitual drinkers was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus brevis SBC8803 to alleviate adverse effect of alcohol. Subjects who drank habitually and had moderately higher levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (50 - 100 IU/L) were enrolled. The levels of transaminases in these subjects were almost within normal levels (aspartate transaminase (AST) <30 IU/L and alanine transaminase (ALT) <40 IU/L). Either the capsules containing placebo (n = 23) or 130 mg (4.0 × 1010 colony-forming units) of live L. brevis SBC8803 (n = 22) per day were administered for the continuous eight weeks (56 days). During the period, the subjects both in test group and placebo groups have kept each drinking behavior as usual. Regarding lipid metabolism, triacylglycerol (TG) levels in the male test group significantly decreased at week 4 as compared with week 0. Biomarkers of hepatocytes-damage;AST and ALT levels showed no significant differences between the pla- cebo and test groups at both weeks 4 and 8. Oxidative stress marker;GGT at weeks 4 was significantly lower in the test group than that in the placebo group (p = 0.017), but not at weeks 8. However, taking a reduced rate of GGT at weeks 8 comparing with that at week 0, that in the test group showed larger value comparing with that in the placebo group. These data about TG and GGT suggest that, although efficacy of L. brevis SBC8803 is limited in this study, intake of the probiotic may alleviate alcoholic influence in lipid metabolism and oxidative stress.
文摘Objective: To examine the influence of Glyphaea (G.) brevis twig extract on the mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, integrity of the tight junctions between adjacent cells, mitochondria, apoptosis, nucleus and expression of inhibin-β, stem cell factor, and androgen binding protein in TM4 Sertoli cells. Methods: TM4 cell line was used in this study as it exhibited properties similar to the Sertoli cells. TM4 Sertoli cells were exposed to G. brevis twig extract (0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 100.0, or 1000.0μg/mL) for 24, 48 and 72 h. Parameters studied included cell viability [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay], mitochondrial membrane potential (tetra methyl rhodamine ethyl ester dye), transepithelial electrical resistance, apoptosis (Annexin V Alexa Fluor?488/propidium iodide assay) and mRNA expression (quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction). Results: G. brevis twig extract had no cytotoxic impact on cell viability, thus, considerably increasing the activity of mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzyme after 24 and 72 h exposure. Transepithelial electrical resistance values revealed substantial (P<0.05) rise in treated groups, especially after 72 h of treatment. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in mitochondrial depolarization of TM4 Sertoli cells exposed to G. brevis twig extract when compared to controls. In addition, G. brevis twig extract significantly reduced necrosis and apoptosis of TM4 Sertoli cells when compared to control. Nevertheless, fluorescence microscopy revealed that the nuclei were egg-shaped and marked uniformly with consistent cell shape at the middle of the TM4 Sertoli cells. Significant stimulatory effects were observed on mRNA levels of inhibin-β, androgen binding protein and stem cell factor. Conclusions: G. brevis twig extract may increase the secretory roles of TM4 Sertoli cells, cells proliferation, as well as cell-cell tight junction integrity. Thus, G. brevis twig may enhance spermatogenesis.
文摘A new flavonoid, acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (1), together with four known flavonoids, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (2), acacetin (3), acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide (4) and genkwanin-5-O-primveroside (5) were isolated from the leaves of Glyphaea brevis. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques. The isolated compounds (1 - 5) were tested for their antioxidant activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The tested compounds showed slight negative antioxidant activities against DPPH radicals.