We study a generalized higher-order nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation in an optical fiber or a planar waveguide.We obtain the Lax pair and N-fold Darboux transformation(DT)with N being a positive integer.Based on L...We study a generalized higher-order nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation in an optical fiber or a planar waveguide.We obtain the Lax pair and N-fold Darboux transformation(DT)with N being a positive integer.Based on Lax pair obtained by us,we derive the infinitely-many conservation laws.We give the bright one-,two-,and N-soliton solutions,and the first-,second-,and Nth-order breather solutions based on the N-fold DT.We conclude that the velocities of the bright solitons are influenced by the distributed gain function,g(z),and variable coefficients in equation,h1(z),p1(z),r1(z),and s1(z)via the asymptotic analysis,where z represents the propagation variable or spatial coordinate.We also graphically observe that:the velocities of the first-and second-order breathers will be affected by h1(z),p1(z),r1(z),and s1(z),and the background wave depends on g(z).展开更多
Microwave brightness temperature(TB)can be used to retrieve lake ice thickness in the Arctic and subarctic regions.However,the accuracy of the retrieval is affected by the physical properties of lake ice.To improve th...Microwave brightness temperature(TB)can be used to retrieve lake ice thickness in the Arctic and subarctic regions.However,the accuracy of the retrieval is affected by the physical properties of lake ice.To improve the understanding of how lake ice affects TB,numerical modeling was applied.This study combined a physical thermodynamic ice model HIGHTSI with a microwave radiation transfer model SMRT to simulate the TB and lake ice evolution in 2002-2011 in Hulun Lake,China.The reanalyzed meteorological data were used as atmospheric forcing.The ice season was divided into the growth period,the slow growth period,and the ablation period.The simulations revealed that TB was highly sensitive to ice thickness during the ice season,especially vertical polarization measurement at 18.7 GHz.The quadratic polynomial fit for ice thickness to TB outperformed the linear fit,regardless of whether lake ice contained bubbles or not.A comparison of the simulated TB with space-borne TB showed that the simulated TB had the best accuracy during the slow growth period,with a minimum RMSE of 4.6 K.The results were influenced by the bubble radius and salinity.These findings enhance comprehension of the interaction between lake ice properties(including ice thickness,bubbles,and salinity)and TB during ice seasons,offering insights to sea ice in the Arctic and subarctic freshwater observations.展开更多
The effects of the gravitational redshift of gravitons upon spiral galaxy rotation energy are compared to the standard mass to light analyses in obtaining rotation curves. The derivation of the total baryonic matter c...The effects of the gravitational redshift of gravitons upon spiral galaxy rotation energy are compared to the standard mass to light analyses in obtaining rotation curves. The derivation of the total baryonic matter compares well with the standard theory and the rotation velocity is matched to a high precision. The stellar mass distributions obtained from the fit with graviton energy loss are used to derive the surface brightness magnitudes for the galaxies, which agree well with the observed measurements. In a new field of investigation, the graviton theory is applied to the observations of gravitational lenses. The results of these applications of the theory suggest that it can augment the standard methods and may eliminate the need for dark matter.展开更多
The electrodeposition behaviors of nickel on glassy carbon（GC） and carbon steel（CS） electrodes were investigated in the14.3%-85.7%（mole fraction） betaine.HCl ethylene glycol（EG） ionic liquid using cyclic volta...The electrodeposition behaviors of nickel on glassy carbon（GC） and carbon steel（CS） electrodes were investigated in the14.3%-85.7%（mole fraction） betaine.HCl ethylene glycol（EG） ionic liquid using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry.The results indicated that the reduction of Ni（Ⅱ） on CS electrode via a diffusion-controlled quasi-reversible process was much more facile and easier than that occurred on GC electrode,which followed a diffusion-controlled three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation and growth.Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe that the deposit was dense and contained fine crystallites with average size of（80±4） nm.Energy dispersive spectrometer analysis showed that the obtained deposit was metallic nickel.X-ray diffraction spectroscopy indicated that（111） plane was the most preferred crystal orientation.The nickel deposit was luminous and bright,and had good adhesion with the CS substrate.展开更多
The output radiation from the 100μm×1μm aperture of a high power Laser Diode (LD) is efficiently coupled into a 50μm multimode optical fiber.The fiber output of the high power LD with high brightness and high ...The output radiation from the 100μm×1μm aperture of a high power Laser Diode (LD) is efficiently coupled into a 50μm multimode optical fiber.The fiber output of the high power LD with high brightness and high power density is achieved.The power density is up to 3 6×104W/cm2 and the coupling efficiency is 70%.The extreme divergence and the astigmatism of high power LDs require the optics with complex lens structures and high performance.A double-curved lens with two crossed cylindrical lenses structured on both sides of the glass substrate is used in the coupling system.展开更多
The synthesis and characterization of a novel fluorophore(1), with potential application as an optical brightener are reported. This compound was prepared by reacting 4,4-diaminostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid with cyanu...The synthesis and characterization of a novel fluorophore(1), with potential application as an optical brightener are reported. This compound was prepared by reacting 4,4-diaminostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid with cyanuric chloride in the presence of Na2CO3 followed by the addition of trityl aniline. Solution and solid state fluorescence demonstrated a strong blue/purple emission centered at 450 nm. 1H-NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry analysis, elemental analysis, and DOSY-NMR were used for the characterization of the fluorophore.展开更多
Landsat TM data(June 23,1988,May 6,2007) and Landsat ETM+data(May 10,2000) of Neijiang City,Sichuan Province was taken as the data source,brightness temperature of the study area was obtained by using TM/ETM+thermal i...Landsat TM data(June 23,1988,May 6,2007) and Landsat ETM+data(May 10,2000) of Neijiang City,Sichuan Province was taken as the data source,brightness temperature of the study area was obtained by using TM/ETM+thermal infrared wave,and also normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) was calculated.NDVI of the study area on June 23,1988,May 6,2007,and May 10,2000 was respectively obtained by using Band Math,the least square fitting was adopted to simulate the correlation between surface temperature and vegetation cover.Moreover,linear regression analysis of the correlation between vegetation cover and NDVI was carried out in Excel.The results showed that(a) most of the constructed area has a low NDVI value because there are large areas of hard surface such as buildings and roads,but less vegetation cover;(b) the quarters with better vegetation cover have higher NDVI values;the Tuojiang River has a negative NDVI value;rural areas have better vegetation cover and higher NDVI values.Brightness temperature and vegetation cover has distinct negative correlation,specifically,the higher the vegetation cover is,the lower the surface temperature is,and vice versa.展开更多
Data from a long term measurement of Micro Rain Radar （MRR） at a mountain site （Daegwallyeong, DG, one year period of 2005） and a coastal site （Haenam, HN, three years 2004-2006） in South Korea were analyzed to ...Data from a long term measurement of Micro Rain Radar （MRR） at a mountain site （Daegwallyeong, DG, one year period of 2005） and a coastal site （Haenam, HN, three years 2004-2006） in South Korea were analyzed to compare the MRR measured bright band characteristics of stratiform precipitation at the two sites. On average, the bright band was somewhat thicker and the sharpness （average gradient of reflectivity above and below the reflectivity peak） was slightly weaker at DG, compared to those values at HN. The peak reflectivity itself was twice as strong and the relative location of the peak reflectivity within the bright band was higher at HN than at DG. Importantly, the variability of these values was much larger at HN than at DG. The key parameter to cause these differences is suggested to be the difference of the snow particle densities at the two sites, which is related to the degree of riming. Therefore, it is speculated that the cloud microphysical processes at HN may have varied significantly from un-rimed snow growth, producing low density snow particles, to the riming of higher density particles, while snow particle growth at DG was more consistently affected by the riming process, and therefore high density snow particles. Forced uplifting of cloudy air over the mountain area around DG might have resulted in an orographic supercooling effect that led to the enhanced riming of supercooled cloud drops.展开更多
High-brightness and color-stable two-wavelength hybrid white organic light emitting diodes （HWOLEDs） with the configuration of indium tin oxide （ITO）/ N, N, N, N-tetrakis（4-methoxyphenyl）-benzidine （MeO-TPD）：...High-brightness and color-stable two-wavelength hybrid white organic light emitting diodes （HWOLEDs） with the configuration of indium tin oxide （ITO）/ N, N, N, N-tetrakis（4-methoxyphenyl）-benzidine （MeO-TPD）： tetrafluoro-tetracyanoqino dimethane （F4-TCNQ）/N,N-di（naphthalene-1-yl）-N,N-diphenyl-benzidine （NPB）/ 4,4-N,N-dicarbazolebiphenyl （CBP）： iridium （III） diazine complexes （MPPZ） 2 Ir（acac）/NPB/2-methyl-9,10-di（2-naphthyl）anthracene （MADN）： p-bis（p-N,N-di-phenyl-aminostyryl）benzene （DSA-ph）/bis（10-hydroxybenzo[h] quino-linato）beryllium complex （Bebq2）/LiF/Al have been fabricated and characterized. The optimal brightness of the device is 69932 cd/m2 at a voltage of 13 V, and the Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage （CIE） chromaticity coordinates are almost constant during a large voltage change of 6–12 V. Furthermore, a current efficiency of 15.3 cd/A at an illumination-relevant brightness of 1000 cd/m2 is obtained, which rolls off slightly to 13.0 cd/A at an ultra high brightness of 50000 cd/m2. We attribute this great performance to wisely selecting an appropriate spacer together with effectively utilizing the combinations of exciton-harvested orange-phosphorescence/blue-fluorescence in the device. Undoubtedly, this is one of the most exciting results in two-wavelength HWOLEDs up to now.展开更多
With such significant advantages as all-day observation, penetrability and all-weather coverage, passive mi-crowave remote sensing technique has been widely applied in the research of global environmental change. As t...With such significant advantages as all-day observation, penetrability and all-weather coverage, passive mi-crowave remote sensing technique has been widely applied in the research of global environmental change. As the sat-ellite-based passive microwave remote sensor, the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing Sys-tem (AMSR-E) loaded on NASA's (National Aeronautics and Space Administration of USA) Aqua satellite has been popularly used in the field of microwave observation. The Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI) loaded on the Chi-nese FengYun-3A (FY-3A) satellite is an AMSR-E-like conical scanning microwave sensor, but there are few reports about MWRI data. This paper firstly proposed an optimal spatial position matching algorithm from rough to exact for the position matching between AMSR-E and MWRI data, then taking Northeast China as an example, comparatively analyzed the microwave brightness temperature data derived from AMSR-E and MWRI. The results show that when the antenna footprints of the two sensors are filled with either full water, or full land, or mixed land and water with ap-proximate proportion, the errors of brightness temperature between AMSR-E and MWRI are usually in the range from -10 K to +10 K. In general, the residual values of brightness temperature between the two microwave sensors with the same spatial resolution are in the range of ±3 K. Because the spatial resolution of AMSR-E is three times as high as that of MWRI, the results indicate that the quality of MWRI data is better. The research can provide useful information for the MWRI data application and microwave unmixing method in the future.展开更多
Face anti-spoofing is a relatively important part of the face recognition system,which has great significance for financial payment and access control systems.Aiming at the problems of unstable face alignment,complex ...Face anti-spoofing is a relatively important part of the face recognition system,which has great significance for financial payment and access control systems.Aiming at the problems of unstable face alignment,complex lighting,and complex structure of face anti-spoofing detection network,a novel method is presented using a combination of convolutional neural network and brightness equalization.Firstly,multi-task convolutional neural network(MTCNN)based on the cascade of three convolutional neural networks(CNNs),P-net,R-net,and O-net are used to achieve accurate positioning of the face,and the detected face bounding box is cropped by a specified multiple,then brightness equalization is adopted to perform brightness compensation on different brightness areas of the face image.Finally,data features are extracted and classification is given by utilizing a 12-layer convolution neural network.Experiments of the proposed algorithm were carried out on CASIA-FASD.The results show that the classification accuracy is relatively high,and the half total error rate(HTER)reaches 1.02%.展开更多
This paper presents a serial synchronous scanning mode in fiat panel display （FPD） by adding a latch buffer between the serializer and the driving buffer. Comparing with conventional techniques, the proposed structu...This paper presents a serial synchronous scanning mode in fiat panel display （FPD） by adding a latch buffer between the serializer and the driving buffer. Comparing with conventional techniques, the proposed structure can efficiently reduce the brightness loss and improve the transmission performance. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the ratio between the lightest weight display time and the relative transmission time is a tradeoff between brightness loss and transmission efficiency.展开更多
Blue emitting electroluminescent diode using PVCz doped with perylene and BBOT as electron transport has been constructed.The emission spectrum is a mixture of spectra of BBOT and perylene.A luminance of as high as 68...Blue emitting electroluminescent diode using PVCz doped with perylene and BBOT as electron transport has been constructed.The emission spectrum is a mixture of spectra of BBOT and perylene.A luminance of as high as 680cd/m^(2)with lumen efficiency more then 0.0281m/W have been obtained.展开更多
HY-2A is the first one of the Chinese HY-2 ocean satellite series carrying a microwave radiometer(RM)to measure sea surface temperature,sea surface wind speed,atmospheric water vapor,cloud liquid water content,and rai...HY-2A is the first one of the Chinese HY-2 ocean satellite series carrying a microwave radiometer(RM)to measure sea surface temperature,sea surface wind speed,atmospheric water vapor,cloud liquid water content,and rain rate.We verified the RM level 1B brightness temperature(T B)to retrieve environmental parameters.In the verification,TB that simulated using the ocean-atmosphere radiative transfer model(RTM)was used as a reference.The total bias and total standard deviation(SD)of the RM level 1B TB,with reference to the RTM simulation,ranged-20.6-4.38 K and 0.7-2.93 K,respectively.We found that both the total bias and the total SD depend on the frequency and polarization,although the values for ascending and descending passes are different.In addition,substantial seasonal variation of the bias was found at all channels.The verification results indicate the RM has some problems regarding calibration,e.g.,correction of antenna spillover and antenna physical emission,especially for the 18.7-GHz channel.Based on error analyses,a statistical recalibration algorithm was designed and recalibration was performed for the RM level 1B TB.Validation of the recalibrated TB indicated that the quality of the recalibrated RM level 1B TB was improved significantly.The bias of the recalibrated T B at all channels was reduced to<0.4 K,seasonal variation was almost eradicated,and SD was diminished(i.e.,the SD of the 18.7-GHz channel was reduced by more than 0.5K).展开更多
Clouds have important effects on the infi＇ared radiances transmission in that the inclusion of cloud effects in data assimilation can not only improve the quality of the assimilated atmospheric parameters greatly, bu...Clouds have important effects on the infi＇ared radiances transmission in that the inclusion of cloud effects in data assimilation can not only improve the quality of the assimilated atmospheric parameters greatly, but also minimize the initial error of cloud parameters by adjusting part of the infrared radiances data. On the basis of the Grapes-3D-var （Global and Regional Assimilation and Prediction Enhanced System）, cloud liquid water, cloud ice water and cloud cover are added as the governing variables in the assimilation. Under the conditions of clear sky, partly cloudy cover and totally cloudy cover, the brightness temperature of 16 MODIS channels are assimilated respectively in ideal tests. Results show that when the simulated background brightness temperatures are lower than the observation, the analyzed field will increase the simulated brightness temperature by increasing its temperature and reducing its moisture, cloud liquid water, cloud ice water, and cloud cover. The simulated brightness temperature can be reduced if adjustment is made in the contrary direction. The adjustment of the temperature and specific humidity under the clear sky conditions conforms well to the design of MODIS channels, but it is weakened for levels under cloud layers. The ideal tests demonstrate that by simultaneously adding both cloud parameters and atmospheric parameters as governing variables during the assimilation of infrared radiances, both the cloud parameters and atmospheric parameters can be adjusted using the observed infrared radiances and conventional meteorological elements to make full use of the infrared observations.展开更多
基金Project supported by the the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2023MS163).
文摘We study a generalized higher-order nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation in an optical fiber or a planar waveguide.We obtain the Lax pair and N-fold Darboux transformation(DT)with N being a positive integer.Based on Lax pair obtained by us,we derive the infinitely-many conservation laws.We give the bright one-,two-,and N-soliton solutions,and the first-,second-,and Nth-order breather solutions based on the N-fold DT.We conclude that the velocities of the bright solitons are influenced by the distributed gain function,g(z),and variable coefficients in equation,h1(z),p1(z),r1(z),and s1(z)via the asymptotic analysis,where z represents the propagation variable or spatial coordinate.We also graphically observe that:the velocities of the first-and second-order breathers will be affected by h1(z),p1(z),r1(z),and s1(z),and the background wave depends on g(z).
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant no.2022ZD0117202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.42101389)CAS President's International Fellowship Initiative(Grant no.2021VTA0007).
文摘Microwave brightness temperature(TB)can be used to retrieve lake ice thickness in the Arctic and subarctic regions.However,the accuracy of the retrieval is affected by the physical properties of lake ice.To improve the understanding of how lake ice affects TB,numerical modeling was applied.This study combined a physical thermodynamic ice model HIGHTSI with a microwave radiation transfer model SMRT to simulate the TB and lake ice evolution in 2002-2011 in Hulun Lake,China.The reanalyzed meteorological data were used as atmospheric forcing.The ice season was divided into the growth period,the slow growth period,and the ablation period.The simulations revealed that TB was highly sensitive to ice thickness during the ice season,especially vertical polarization measurement at 18.7 GHz.The quadratic polynomial fit for ice thickness to TB outperformed the linear fit,regardless of whether lake ice contained bubbles or not.A comparison of the simulated TB with space-borne TB showed that the simulated TB had the best accuracy during the slow growth period,with a minimum RMSE of 4.6 K.The results were influenced by the bubble radius and salinity.These findings enhance comprehension of the interaction between lake ice properties(including ice thickness,bubbles,and salinity)and TB during ice seasons,offering insights to sea ice in the Arctic and subarctic freshwater observations.
文摘The effects of the gravitational redshift of gravitons upon spiral galaxy rotation energy are compared to the standard mass to light analyses in obtaining rotation curves. The derivation of the total baryonic matter compares well with the standard theory and the rotation velocity is matched to a high precision. The stellar mass distributions obtained from the fit with graviton energy loss are used to derive the surface brightness magnitudes for the galaxies, which agree well with the observed measurements. In a new field of investigation, the graviton theory is applied to the observations of gravitational lenses. The results of these applications of the theory suggest that it can augment the standard methods and may eliminate the need for dark matter.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China[grant number 2022YFF0801301]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 41575033]+1 种基金the Fengyun Satellite Application Pioneer Project[grant number FY-APP-2022.0111]the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province[grant number BK20231148]。
基金Projects(51274108,21263007,51204080)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2011FA009)supported by the Applied Research Foundation of Yunnan Province,ChinaProject(14118441)supported by the Talents Cultivation Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology,China
文摘The electrodeposition behaviors of nickel on glassy carbon（GC） and carbon steel（CS） electrodes were investigated in the14.3%-85.7%（mole fraction） betaine.HCl ethylene glycol（EG） ionic liquid using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry.The results indicated that the reduction of Ni（Ⅱ） on CS electrode via a diffusion-controlled quasi-reversible process was much more facile and easier than that occurred on GC electrode,which followed a diffusion-controlled three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation and growth.Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe that the deposit was dense and contained fine crystallites with average size of（80±4） nm.Energy dispersive spectrometer analysis showed that the obtained deposit was metallic nickel.X-ray diffraction spectroscopy indicated that（111） plane was the most preferred crystal orientation.The nickel deposit was luminous and bright,and had good adhesion with the CS substrate.
文摘The output radiation from the 100μm×1μm aperture of a high power Laser Diode (LD) is efficiently coupled into a 50μm multimode optical fiber.The fiber output of the high power LD with high brightness and high power density is achieved.The power density is up to 3 6×104W/cm2 and the coupling efficiency is 70%.The extreme divergence and the astigmatism of high power LDs require the optics with complex lens structures and high performance.A double-curved lens with two crossed cylindrical lenses structured on both sides of the glass substrate is used in the coupling system.
文摘The synthesis and characterization of a novel fluorophore(1), with potential application as an optical brightener are reported. This compound was prepared by reacting 4,4-diaminostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid with cyanuric chloride in the presence of Na2CO3 followed by the addition of trityl aniline. Solution and solid state fluorescence demonstrated a strong blue/purple emission centered at 450 nm. 1H-NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry analysis, elemental analysis, and DOSY-NMR were used for the characterization of the fluorophore.
文摘Landsat TM data(June 23,1988,May 6,2007) and Landsat ETM+data(May 10,2000) of Neijiang City,Sichuan Province was taken as the data source,brightness temperature of the study area was obtained by using TM/ETM+thermal infrared wave,and also normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) was calculated.NDVI of the study area on June 23,1988,May 6,2007,and May 10,2000 was respectively obtained by using Band Math,the least square fitting was adopted to simulate the correlation between surface temperature and vegetation cover.Moreover,linear regression analysis of the correlation between vegetation cover and NDVI was carried out in Excel.The results showed that(a) most of the constructed area has a low NDVI value because there are large areas of hard surface such as buildings and roads,but less vegetation cover;(b) the quarters with better vegetation cover have higher NDVI values;the Tuojiang River has a negative NDVI value;rural areas have better vegetation cover and higher NDVI values.Brightness temperature and vegetation cover has distinct negative correlation,specifically,the higher the vegetation cover is,the lower the surface temperature is,and vice versa.
基金funded by the Korean Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program under Grant CATER 2006-2307.
文摘Data from a long term measurement of Micro Rain Radar （MRR） at a mountain site （Daegwallyeong, DG, one year period of 2005） and a coastal site （Haenam, HN, three years 2004-2006） in South Korea were analyzed to compare the MRR measured bright band characteristics of stratiform precipitation at the two sites. On average, the bright band was somewhat thicker and the sharpness （average gradient of reflectivity above and below the reflectivity peak） was slightly weaker at DG, compared to those values at HN. The peak reflectivity itself was twice as strong and the relative location of the peak reflectivity within the bright band was higher at HN than at DG. Importantly, the variability of these values was much larger at HN than at DG. The key parameter to cause these differences is suggested to be the difference of the snow particle densities at the two sites, which is related to the degree of riming. Therefore, it is speculated that the cloud microphysical processes at HN may have varied significantly from un-rimed snow growth, producing low density snow particles, to the riming of higher density particles, while snow particle growth at DG was more consistently affected by the riming process, and therefore high density snow particles. Forced uplifting of cloudy air over the mountain area around DG might have resulted in an orographic supercooling effect that led to the enhanced riming of supercooled cloud drops.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2009CB623604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61204087,51173049,U0634003,61036007,and 60937001)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant Nos.2011ZB0002 and 2011ZM0009)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
文摘High-brightness and color-stable two-wavelength hybrid white organic light emitting diodes （HWOLEDs） with the configuration of indium tin oxide （ITO）/ N, N, N, N-tetrakis（4-methoxyphenyl）-benzidine （MeO-TPD）： tetrafluoro-tetracyanoqino dimethane （F4-TCNQ）/N,N-di（naphthalene-1-yl）-N,N-diphenyl-benzidine （NPB）/ 4,4-N,N-dicarbazolebiphenyl （CBP）： iridium （III） diazine complexes （MPPZ） 2 Ir（acac）/NPB/2-methyl-9,10-di（2-naphthyl）anthracene （MADN）： p-bis（p-N,N-di-phenyl-aminostyryl）benzene （DSA-ph）/bis（10-hydroxybenzo[h] quino-linato）beryllium complex （Bebq2）/LiF/Al have been fabricated and characterized. The optimal brightness of the device is 69932 cd/m2 at a voltage of 13 V, and the Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage （CIE） chromaticity coordinates are almost constant during a large voltage change of 6–12 V. Furthermore, a current efficiency of 15.3 cd/A at an illumination-relevant brightness of 1000 cd/m2 is obtained, which rolls off slightly to 13.0 cd/A at an ultra high brightness of 50000 cd/m2. We attribute this great performance to wisely selecting an appropriate spacer together with effectively utilizing the combinations of exciton-harvested orange-phosphorescence/blue-fluorescence in the device. Undoubtedly, this is one of the most exciting results in two-wavelength HWOLEDs up to now.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40971189)Knowledge Innovation Programs of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX2-YW-340)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 20100471276)
文摘With such significant advantages as all-day observation, penetrability and all-weather coverage, passive mi-crowave remote sensing technique has been widely applied in the research of global environmental change. As the sat-ellite-based passive microwave remote sensor, the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing Sys-tem (AMSR-E) loaded on NASA's (National Aeronautics and Space Administration of USA) Aqua satellite has been popularly used in the field of microwave observation. The Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI) loaded on the Chi-nese FengYun-3A (FY-3A) satellite is an AMSR-E-like conical scanning microwave sensor, but there are few reports about MWRI data. This paper firstly proposed an optimal spatial position matching algorithm from rough to exact for the position matching between AMSR-E and MWRI data, then taking Northeast China as an example, comparatively analyzed the microwave brightness temperature data derived from AMSR-E and MWRI. The results show that when the antenna footprints of the two sensors are filled with either full water, or full land, or mixed land and water with ap-proximate proportion, the errors of brightness temperature between AMSR-E and MWRI are usually in the range from -10 K to +10 K. In general, the residual values of brightness temperature between the two microwave sensors with the same spatial resolution are in the range of ±3 K. Because the spatial resolution of AMSR-E is three times as high as that of MWRI, the results indicate that the quality of MWRI data is better. The research can provide useful information for the MWRI data application and microwave unmixing method in the future.
基金Project(61671204)supported by National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2016WK2001)supported by Hunan Provincial Key R&D Plan,China。
文摘Face anti-spoofing is a relatively important part of the face recognition system,which has great significance for financial payment and access control systems.Aiming at the problems of unstable face alignment,complex lighting,and complex structure of face anti-spoofing detection network,a novel method is presented using a combination of convolutional neural network and brightness equalization.Firstly,multi-task convolutional neural network(MTCNN)based on the cascade of three convolutional neural networks(CNNs),P-net,R-net,and O-net are used to achieve accurate positioning of the face,and the detected face bounding box is cropped by a specified multiple,then brightness equalization is adopted to perform brightness compensation on different brightness areas of the face image.Finally,data features are extracted and classification is given by utilizing a 12-layer convolution neural network.Experiments of the proposed algorithm were carried out on CASIA-FASD.The results show that the classification accuracy is relatively high,and the half total error rate(HTER)reaches 1.02%.
基金Project supported by the Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology （Grant Nos.055207041, 047062012）
文摘This paper presents a serial synchronous scanning mode in fiat panel display （FPD） by adding a latch buffer between the serializer and the driving buffer. Comparing with conventional techniques, the proposed structure can efficiently reduce the brightness loss and improve the transmission performance. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the ratio between the lightest weight display time and the relative transmission time is a tradeoff between brightness loss and transmission efficiency.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Blue emitting electroluminescent diode using PVCz doped with perylene and BBOT as electron transport has been constructed.The emission spectrum is a mixture of spectra of BBOT and perylene.A luminance of as high as 680cd/m^(2)with lumen efficiency more then 0.0281m/W have been obtained.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC1401001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41501417,41406204)
文摘HY-2A is the first one of the Chinese HY-2 ocean satellite series carrying a microwave radiometer(RM)to measure sea surface temperature,sea surface wind speed,atmospheric water vapor,cloud liquid water content,and rain rate.We verified the RM level 1B brightness temperature(T B)to retrieve environmental parameters.In the verification,TB that simulated using the ocean-atmosphere radiative transfer model(RTM)was used as a reference.The total bias and total standard deviation(SD)of the RM level 1B TB,with reference to the RTM simulation,ranged-20.6-4.38 K and 0.7-2.93 K,respectively.We found that both the total bias and the total SD depend on the frequency and polarization,although the values for ascending and descending passes are different.In addition,substantial seasonal variation of the bias was found at all channels.The verification results indicate the RM has some problems regarding calibration,e.g.,correction of antenna spillover and antenna physical emission,especially for the 18.7-GHz channel.Based on error analyses,a statistical recalibration algorithm was designed and recalibration was performed for the RM level 1B TB.Validation of the recalibrated TB indicated that the quality of the recalibrated RM level 1B TB was improved significantly.The bias of the recalibrated T B at all channels was reduced to<0.4 K,seasonal variation was almost eradicated,and SD was diminished(i.e.,the SD of the 18.7-GHz channel was reduced by more than 0.5K).
基金Speical Scientific Research Project for Public Welfare (Meteorological) Industry (GYHY200906002)Project of National Natural Science Foundation (41075083)
文摘Clouds have important effects on the infi＇ared radiances transmission in that the inclusion of cloud effects in data assimilation can not only improve the quality of the assimilated atmospheric parameters greatly, but also minimize the initial error of cloud parameters by adjusting part of the infrared radiances data. On the basis of the Grapes-3D-var （Global and Regional Assimilation and Prediction Enhanced System）, cloud liquid water, cloud ice water and cloud cover are added as the governing variables in the assimilation. Under the conditions of clear sky, partly cloudy cover and totally cloudy cover, the brightness temperature of 16 MODIS channels are assimilated respectively in ideal tests. Results show that when the simulated background brightness temperatures are lower than the observation, the analyzed field will increase the simulated brightness temperature by increasing its temperature and reducing its moisture, cloud liquid water, cloud ice water, and cloud cover. The simulated brightness temperature can be reduced if adjustment is made in the contrary direction. The adjustment of the temperature and specific humidity under the clear sky conditions conforms well to the design of MODIS channels, but it is weakened for levels under cloud layers. The ideal tests demonstrate that by simultaneously adding both cloud parameters and atmospheric parameters as governing variables during the assimilation of infrared radiances, both the cloud parameters and atmospheric parameters can be adjusted using the observed infrared radiances and conventional meteorological elements to make full use of the infrared observations.
