Plexiform angiomyxoid myofibroblastic tumor of the stomach is a unique mesenchymal tumor that we first described in 2007.The tumor is very rare,and to date,only 18 cases confirmed by immunohistochemistry have been rep...Plexiform angiomyxoid myofibroblastic tumor of the stomach is a unique mesenchymal tumor that we first described in 2007.The tumor is very rare,and to date,only 18 cases confirmed by immunohistochemistry have been reported in the literature.The patients' ages ranged from 7 to 75 years(mean,43 years),and the male-to-female ratio was approximately 1:1.Representative clinical symptoms are ulceration,associated upper gastrointestinal bleeding(hematemesis),and anemia.The tumors are located at the antrum in all cases,and grossly,the tumor is whitish to brownish or reddish,and forms a lobulated submucosal or transmural mass.Microscopically,the tumor is characterized by a plexiform growth pattern,the proliferation of cytologically bland spindle cells,and a myxoid stroma that is rich in small vessels and positive for Alcian blue stain.Immunohistochemically,the tumor cells are positive for α-smooth muscle actin and negative for KIT and CD34.Differential diagnoses include gastrointestinal stromal tumor and other mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.Some authors proposed that this tumor should be designated as "plexiform fibromyxoma",but this designation might cause confusion.The tumor is probably benign and thus far,neither recurrence nor metastasis has been reported.展开更多
Myofibroblasts,recognized classically by-smooth muscle actin(-SMA)expression,play a key role in the wound-healing process,promoting wound closure and matrix deposition.Although a body of evidence shows that keratinocy...Myofibroblasts,recognized classically by-smooth muscle actin(-SMA)expression,play a key role in the wound-healing process,promoting wound closure and matrix deposition.Although a body of evidence shows that keratinocytes explanted onto a wound bed promote closure of a skin injury,the underlying mechanisms are not well understood.The basal layer of epidermis is rich in undifferentiated keratinocytes(UKs).We showed that UKs injected into granulation tissue could switch into-SMA positive cells,and accelerate the rate of skin wound healing.In addition,when the epidermis sheets isolated from foreskin cover up the wound bed or are induced in vitro,keratinocytes located at the basal layers or adjacent sites were observed to convert into myofibroblast-like cells.Thus,UKs have a potential for myofibroblastic transition,which provides a novel mechanism by which keratinocyte explants accelerate skin wound healing.展开更多
Angiogenesis is a dynamic,hypoxia-stimulated and growth factor-dependent process,and is currently referred to as the formation of new vessels from preexisting blood vessels.Experimental and clinical studies have unequ...Angiogenesis is a dynamic,hypoxia-stimulated and growth factor-dependent process,and is currently referred to as the formation of new vessels from preexisting blood vessels.Experimental and clinical studies have unequivocally reported that hepatic angiogenesis,irrespective of aetiology,occurs in conditions of chronic liver diseases(CLDs) characterized by perpetuation of cell injury and death,inflammatory response and progressive fibrogenesis.Angiogenesis and related changes in liver vascular architecture,that in turn concur to increase vascular resistance and portal hypertension and to decrease parenchymal perfusion,have been proposed to favour fibrogenic progression of the disease towards the end-point of cirrhosis.Moreover,hepatic angiogenesis has also been proposed to modulate the genesis of portal-systemic shunts and increase splanchnic blood flow,thus potentially affecting complications of cirrhosis.Hepatic angiogenesis is also crucial for the growth and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.Recent literature has identified a number of cellular and molecular mechanisms governing the cross-talk between angiogenesis and fibrogenesis,with a specifi c emphasis on the crucial role of hypoxic conditions and hepatic stellate cells,particularly when activated to the myofibroblast-like pro-fibrogenic.Experimental anti-angiogenic therapy has been proven to be effective in limiting the progression of CLDs in animal models.From a clinical point of view,anti-angiogenic therapy is currently emerging as a new pharmacologic intervention in patients with advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis.展开更多
目的：探讨中药骨碎补对体外培养的人的牙髓、牙龈、牙周膜成纤维细胞增殖的影响。方法采用组织块法外培养人牙髓、牙龈、牙周膜成纤维细胞，取第4、5代培养细胞随机分为实验组和对照组，实验组加不同浓度的骨碎补，对照组只加培养液。...目的：探讨中药骨碎补对体外培养的人的牙髓、牙龈、牙周膜成纤维细胞增殖的影响。方法采用组织块法外培养人牙髓、牙龈、牙周膜成纤维细胞，取第4、5代培养细胞随机分为实验组和对照组，实验组加不同浓度的骨碎补，对照组只加培养液。通过HE染色观察其对牙髓、牙龈、牙周膜成纤维细胞的形态、结构及生长增殖的影响，通过MTT法和考马斯亮蓝法对实验组和对照组的细胞生长情况和总蛋白合成的检测。结果①在10-1000μg/ml浓度范围内骨碎补对人牙髓、牙龈、牙周膜成纤维细胞均有促增殖作用（ P ＜0.05），尤以100μg/ml浓度最为明显（ P ＜0.01）；②总蛋白测定结果显示在骨碎补浓度为10μg/ml时，对照组与其总蛋白含量差异无统计学意义（ P ＞0.05），实验组细胞总蛋白含量随骨碎补浓度增加高于对照组（ P ＜0.05），尤以500μg/ml骨碎补浓度组作用牙髓成纤维细胞最佳；而100μg/ml骨碎补浓度组作用牙龈、牙周膜成纤维细胞最显著。结论骨碎补在有效作用浓度范围内，其促增殖效应和总蛋白含量与骨碎补浓度呈剂量依赖关系，随着浓度的增加促增殖作用增强、总蛋白含量增加，浓度达到最大作用后，随着浓度增加作用反而呈现减弱趋势。展开更多
文摘Plexiform angiomyxoid myofibroblastic tumor of the stomach is a unique mesenchymal tumor that we first described in 2007.The tumor is very rare,and to date,only 18 cases confirmed by immunohistochemistry have been reported in the literature.The patients' ages ranged from 7 to 75 years(mean,43 years),and the male-to-female ratio was approximately 1:1.Representative clinical symptoms are ulceration,associated upper gastrointestinal bleeding(hematemesis),and anemia.The tumors are located at the antrum in all cases,and grossly,the tumor is whitish to brownish or reddish,and forms a lobulated submucosal or transmural mass.Microscopically,the tumor is characterized by a plexiform growth pattern,the proliferation of cytologically bland spindle cells,and a myxoid stroma that is rich in small vessels and positive for Alcian blue stain.Immunohistochemically,the tumor cells are positive for α-smooth muscle actin and negative for KIT and CD34.Differential diagnoses include gastrointestinal stromal tumor and other mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.Some authors proposed that this tumor should be designated as "plexiform fibromyxoma",but this designation might cause confusion.The tumor is probably benign and thus far,neither recurrence nor metastasis has been reported.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(3127082,81230061,81121004,81201479)National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB518103,2012CB518105)National High Technology Research and Development Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2011AA020113,2012AA020502,2013AA020105)
文摘Myofibroblasts,recognized classically by-smooth muscle actin(-SMA)expression,play a key role in the wound-healing process,promoting wound closure and matrix deposition.Although a body of evidence shows that keratinocytes explanted onto a wound bed promote closure of a skin injury,the underlying mechanisms are not well understood.The basal layer of epidermis is rich in undifferentiated keratinocytes(UKs).We showed that UKs injected into granulation tissue could switch into-SMA positive cells,and accelerate the rate of skin wound healing.In addition,when the epidermis sheets isolated from foreskin cover up the wound bed or are induced in vitro,keratinocytes located at the basal layers or adjacent sites were observed to convert into myofibroblast-like cells.Thus,UKs have a potential for myofibroblastic transition,which provides a novel mechanism by which keratinocyte explants accelerate skin wound healing.
文摘Angiogenesis is a dynamic,hypoxia-stimulated and growth factor-dependent process,and is currently referred to as the formation of new vessels from preexisting blood vessels.Experimental and clinical studies have unequivocally reported that hepatic angiogenesis,irrespective of aetiology,occurs in conditions of chronic liver diseases(CLDs) characterized by perpetuation of cell injury and death,inflammatory response and progressive fibrogenesis.Angiogenesis and related changes in liver vascular architecture,that in turn concur to increase vascular resistance and portal hypertension and to decrease parenchymal perfusion,have been proposed to favour fibrogenic progression of the disease towards the end-point of cirrhosis.Moreover,hepatic angiogenesis has also been proposed to modulate the genesis of portal-systemic shunts and increase splanchnic blood flow,thus potentially affecting complications of cirrhosis.Hepatic angiogenesis is also crucial for the growth and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.Recent literature has identified a number of cellular and molecular mechanisms governing the cross-talk between angiogenesis and fibrogenesis,with a specifi c emphasis on the crucial role of hypoxic conditions and hepatic stellate cells,particularly when activated to the myofibroblast-like pro-fibrogenic.Experimental anti-angiogenic therapy has been proven to be effective in limiting the progression of CLDs in animal models.From a clinical point of view,anti-angiogenic therapy is currently emerging as a new pharmacologic intervention in patients with advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis.
文摘目的：探讨中药骨碎补对体外培养的人的牙髓、牙龈、牙周膜成纤维细胞增殖的影响。方法采用组织块法外培养人牙髓、牙龈、牙周膜成纤维细胞，取第4、5代培养细胞随机分为实验组和对照组，实验组加不同浓度的骨碎补，对照组只加培养液。通过HE染色观察其对牙髓、牙龈、牙周膜成纤维细胞的形态、结构及生长增殖的影响，通过MTT法和考马斯亮蓝法对实验组和对照组的细胞生长情况和总蛋白合成的检测。结果①在10-1000μg/ml浓度范围内骨碎补对人牙髓、牙龈、牙周膜成纤维细胞均有促增殖作用（ P ＜0.05），尤以100μg/ml浓度最为明显（ P ＜0.01）；②总蛋白测定结果显示在骨碎补浓度为10μg/ml时，对照组与其总蛋白含量差异无统计学意义（ P ＞0.05），实验组细胞总蛋白含量随骨碎补浓度增加高于对照组（ P ＜0.05），尤以500μg/ml骨碎补浓度组作用牙髓成纤维细胞最佳；而100μg/ml骨碎补浓度组作用牙龈、牙周膜成纤维细胞最显著。结论骨碎补在有效作用浓度范围内，其促增殖效应和总蛋白含量与骨碎补浓度呈剂量依赖关系，随着浓度的增加促增殖作用增强、总蛋白含量增加，浓度达到最大作用后，随着浓度增加作用反而呈现减弱趋势。
