In-situ defect passivation assisted three-step printing of efficient and stable formamidine-lead bromide solar cells

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)emerge as the most promising photovoltaics(PV)for their high performance and potential convenient cost-effective production routes comparing to the sophomore PV technologies.The printed PSCs with simplified device architecture and fabrication procedures could further enhance the competitive strength of PSC technology.In this work,we present an in-situ defect passivation(ISDP)assisted full-printing of high performance formamidine-lead bromide(FAPbBr_(3))PSCs.Only three rapid printing steps are involved for electron transporting layer(ETL),perovskite and carbon to form a complete solar cell on the low-cost fluorine-doped tin oxide(FTO)substrate.Long-chain polymer monomethyl ether polyethylene glycol is particularly utilized as the ISDP passivator,leading to conformal coating on the rough FTO and defect passivation for both ETL and perovskite during printing.A high efficiency of 10.85%(certified 10.14%)and a high V_(oc)up to 1.57 V are achieved for the printed device.The unencapsulated PSCs maintain above 90%of the initial efficiency after continuously heating at 85℃for 1000 h and over 80%of the efficiency after the maximum power point tracking for 3500 h.The fully printed semitransparent PSCs with carbon grids(CGs)show average visible light transmittance over 33%and an efficiency of 8.81%.

Clinical Efficacy Analysis of Tiotropium Bromide Combined with Budesonide and Formoterol Inhalation in Treating COPD

Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy of tiotropium bromide(TB)combined with budesonide formoterol(BUD/FM)inhalation in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:62 COPD patients admitted to the hospital between June 2020 and December 2022 were selected as samples for this study.The patients were divided into a combination group and a conventional group using the random number table method,with 31 cases in each group.The patients in the combination group were treated with TB combined with BUD/FM inhalation,whereas the patients in the conventional group were treated with BUD/FM inhalation only.The treatment efficacy and changes in lung function indicators of both groups were compared.Results:The total efficacy of treatment in the combined group was higher than that in the conventional group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no difference in pulmonary function indicators between the two groups(P>0.05).After three months of treatment,all lung function indicators of the combined group were higher than those of the conventional group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Combining TB with BUD/FM inhalation therapy increases the efficacy of treatment for patients with COPD.Besides,it also improves lung function and leads to a better prognosis.

CTAB改性Cu-BTC材料的合成及其吸附分离二甲苯异构体的性能

通过水热法合成Cu-BTC晶体的过程中添加十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB),通过调节CTAB的添加量对吸附材料的形貌和孔结构进行改性,改性后的Cu-BTC材料与原Cu-BTC相比,其对对二甲苯(PX)的静态吸附量明显提高,且高于间二甲苯(MX)和邻二甲苯(OX),从而提高了异构体的吸附选择性。研究了二甲苯异构体在Cu-BTC-CTAB材料上的静态吸附性能和吸附动力学性能。在298K、318K和338K温度下进行了一系列二甲苯有机蒸气吸附平衡实验,得到了静态吸附速率曲线和吸附等温线。改性材料中CTAB添加量为0.08%的Cu-BTC-CTAB样品对PX的吸附量和选择性最优。动力学研究表明,二甲苯异构体在Cu-BTC-CTAB上的吸附过程可以用一级动力学模型来描述。

CTAB/SDBS水基囊泡相磁流体制备及稳定性研究

以阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTAB)和阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为原料复配自发形成囊泡相,并以其为微反应器,Fe^(2+)和Fe^(3+)在囊泡内发生反应,得到平均粒径为20m的Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米晶囊泡分散液作为水基磁流体。采用广角X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、磁滞回线(VSM)等对合成的Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米晶以及磁流体进行分析表征。结果表明,以合适的阴阳离子表面活性剂获得的囊泡相为微反应器形成的水基囊泡相磁流体,在室温稳定性优良,静置60h其稳定性系数仍然可达97%。在磁场反复作用后,囊泡相水基磁流体仍具有良好的稳定性,其中的Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米粒子颗粒均匀,具有超顺磁性特征,磁饱和度达到59emu/g。

DES+CTAB复配驱油剂体系提高低渗致密砂岩油藏采收率机理

针对低渗致密油藏注水困难、采收率低等问题,利用尿素基深共晶溶剂(DES)与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)复配的驱油剂体系,对驱油剂在低渗致密油藏中的降压增注和提高采收率机理进行了研究。研究结果表明:①驱油剂体系可以将油水界面张力降低至10^(-3)mN/m以下,大大提高了洗油效率;②驱油剂体系可有效抑制黏土矿物水化,避免了低渗致密砂岩中黏土矿物水化膨胀带来的流体敏感性损害;③驱油剂体系可对砂岩表面进行界面修饰,驱油剂溶液浸泡后样品的油相接触角由25.8°增加至61.4°,亲水性增强,亲油性减弱,有助于吸附在岩石孔隙壁面的油膜脱落;④超前注入驱油剂的注入压力降低率平均为79.64%,采收率平均为50.96%,远大于常规水驱(一次注水→注驱油剂驱→二次注水)的采收率。

改良CTAB法提取不同作物总RNA技术研究

为提高操作效率,本研究开发出一种简洁有效的作物总RNA提取方法。研究以油菜、棉花、花生、小麦、马铃薯、玉米、大豆、西葫芦等作物的不同组织为试材,通过CTAB法、改良CTAB法及TanSzol Reagent试剂盒法提取总RNA,检测结果发现,经过改良后的CTAB法提取的总RNA质量较高。在油菜花瓣、小麦、花生、西葫芦叶片中,该方法获得了较高的总RNA得率,分别为24.5、23.7、26.4、17.35μg/mL;OD260/280和OD260/230值分别为1.90、1.73、1.72、1.80和2.10、1.50、2.01、1.70。综合比较以上3种方法,改良后的CTAB法适用于油菜、小麦、花生、西葫芦等作物的总RNA提取,为后续分子生物学检测奠定了基础。

CH_(4)水合物在SDS和CTAB溶液中的生成特性研究

为探究不同促进剂在甲烷水合物生成过程的微观作用机理,选取动力学促进剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和热力学促进剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作为添加剂,采用分子动力学方法研究其对甲烷水合物生成速率的影响.通过分析势能变化、均方位移、径向分布函数、分子簇生长速率,发现质量分数为0.9%SDS、1.2%SDS、1.2%CTAB、1.6%CTAB的溶液均可促进水合物生成.质量分数为1.2%的SDS溶液水合物生长速率最快,且SDS促进效果优于CTAB.通过分析甲烷分子密度分布云图,发现呈阴性的SDS分子头部基团吸附了大量甲烷分子,水分子受挤压向中间聚集;CTAB含氮的头部基团朝向均相溶液,包含在不稳定的水合物笼中,形成半笼型水合物.相比之下,CTAB溶液中水合物含气率更高.

Azoximer bromide and hydroxyapatite:promising immune adjuvants in cancer

Immune adjuvants are immune modulators that have been developed in the context of infectious vaccinations.There is currently a growing interest in immune adjuvants due to the development of immunotherapy against cancers.Immune adjuvant mechanisms of action are focused on the initiation and amplification of the inflammatory response leading to the innate immune response,followed by the adaptive immune response.The main activity lies in the support of antigen presentation and the maturation and functions of dendritic cells.Most immune adjuvants are associated with a vaccine or incorporated into the new generation of m RNA vaccines.Few immune adjuvants are used as drugs.Hydroxyapatite(HA)ceramics and azoximer bromide(AZB)are overlooked molecules that were used in early clinical trials,which demonstrated clinical efficacy and excellent tolerance profiles.HA combined in an autologous vaccine was previously developed in the veterinary field for use in canine spontaneous lymphomas.AZB,an original immune modulator derived from a class of heterochain aliphatic polyamines that is licensed in Russia,the Commonwealth of Independent States,and Slovakia for infectious and inflammatory diseases,is and now being developed for use in cancer with promising results.These two immune adjuvants can be combined in various immunotherapy strategies.

基于MSEP@CTAB的磁固相萃取结合HPLC-UV法测定环境水和饮品中的苏丹红

目的制备一种有机/无机双功能化磁性纳米复合材料MSEP@CTAB,将其作为磁固相萃取的吸附剂并结合HPLC-UV法检测环境水和饮品中的苏丹红残留。方法以Fe_(3)O_(4)作为磁性纳米粒子,选择海泡石(Sepiolite,SEP)为无机材料对其进行修饰,再采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(cetyltrimethylammonium bromide,CTAB)进行有机改性,得到有机/无机双功能化磁性纳米复合材料MSEP@CTAB;利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、振动样品磁力针和全自动比表面及孔隙度分析仪等对复合材料进行表征;考察并优化磁固相萃取条件。结果在最佳实验条件下,3种苏丹红染料在质量浓度0.5~50 ng·mL^(-1)内线性关系良好(R^(2)≥0.9962),检测限为0.05~0.07 ng·mL^(-1),定量限为0.17~0.23 ng·mL^(-1),日内和日间精密度分别为1.8%~8.8%和2.8%~9.0%。该方法被成功应用于环境水和饮品中3种苏丹红染料的检测,加标回收率为82.5%~108.2%。结论所建立的方法简便、快速、灵敏,为环境水和饮品中痕量苏丹红染料的检测提供了一种可行的策略。

CTAB水溶液浓度对脉动热管传热性能的影响

为了研究十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)对脉动热管(PHP)传热性能的影响,搭建一个铜制PHP实验装置平台,探究不同质量分数(0~0.072%)的CTAB水溶液对PHP的传热性能的影响,实验充液率为50%。结果显示:向水中添加CTAB可以改善PHP内部液塞的脉动频率及传热性能。PHP的传热热阻与加热功率和CTAB的浓度有关,随着加热功率和CTAB浓度的增加而减小。加热功率为20 W时,与纯水PHP相比,质量分数为0.072%的CTAB水溶液具有最大的强化作用率(31.6%);加热功率达到90 W后,向水中添加CTAB对PHP传热的强化作用相对较弱。研究表明,CTAB可以改善PHP的传热性能,并增加其传热效率。

Tiotropium Bromide/Olodaterol Related Acute Cognitive Impairments

Background: The use of anticholinergics has been on the rise. With the increase in population longevity, more medication-related cognitive impairments (ACIs) have been reported. These impairments result in significant morbidities. We present a case that stresses on the importance of being vigilant when prescribing anticholinergic medications, especially in the elderlies. Case Report: A case of ACIs related to the use of tiotropium bromide/olodaterol (Stiolto Respimat) is being reported in a 71-year-old white man with COPD. Treatment with budesonide 180 mcg/actuation, and tiotropium bromide/olodaterol (Stiolto Respimat) inhalers was initiated. Two days after initiating treatment, the patient developed ACIs which manifested by gait imbalance, short-term memory dysfunction, inability to remember his family members, or to take his medications. Tiotropium bromide/olodaterol (Stiolto Respimat) was discontinued. After three days, a full recovery of ACIs was reported. A month later, due to worsening dyspnea, the patient self-resumed the medicine. Similar ACIs were reported within two days of resuming treatment. Tiotropium bromide/olodaterol (Stiolto Respimat) was discontinued indefinitely. Full recovery of ACIs was reported. Conclusion: ACIs should be noted as a significant side effect of tiotropium bromide/olodaterol. Clinicians should be vigilant, when prescribing anticholinergic medications to elderlies.

Feasibility of Tiotropium Bromide Treatment in Patients with Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome and its Effect on Lung Function

Objective:To explore the feasibility of tiotropium bromide therapy and its effect on the lung function of patients with asthma-COPD overlap syndrome(ACOS).Method:The 58 subjects selected in this study were all ACOS patients admitted to our hospital(Hohhot First Hospital)from October 2020 to October 2022.They were grouped according to the random number table method and divided into a control group(29 cases)and an observation group(29 cases).The control group received routine treatment plus salmeterol-fluticasone powder inhalation treatment,and the observation group received tiotropium bromide treatment.The relevant indicators of the two groups were compared.Results:The total clinical effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group.Besides,the forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1)levels,and ACT scores of the two groups increased after treatment,with the observation group having better results than the control group.The residual volume-total lung capacity ratio(RV/TLC),acute exacerbation frequency,and CAT scores all decreased,with the observation group showing smaller values than the control group.The difference between the results of both groups were significant(P<0.05)Conclusion:Tiotropium bromide has a significant clinical effect in the treatment of ACOS patients and can effectively improve the lung function of patients.

Effects of Combined Inhalation of Budesonide,Formoterol,and Tiotropium Bromide on Arterial Blood Gas and Pulmonary Function Indexes in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Objective:To analyze the effect of combined inhalation of budesonide formoterol and tiotropium bromide on arterial blood gas and pulmonary function indexes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:100 patients with COPD treated from January to December 2022 were selected as observation objects,and were divided into a control group(n=50,in which budesonide and formoterol were administered)and an experimental group(n=50,the treatment drug was budesonide formoterol combined with tiotropium bromide)according to the computer grouping method,and compared the treatment results.Results:(i)Before treatment,there was no difference in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide and partial pressure of oxygen between the control group and the experimental group(P>0.05);after treatment,the partial pressure of carbon dioxide and partial pressure of oxygen in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,with significant differences(P<0.05).(ii)Before treatment,there was no difference in forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1),FEV1/FVC between the control group and the experimental group(P>0.05);after treatment,the FVC,FEV1,and FEV1/FVC in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).(iii)There was no difference in the levels of CRP,IL-6,and TNF-αbetween the control group and the experimental group(P>0.05);after treatment,the levels of CRP,IL-6,and TNF-αin the experimental group were lower than those in the control group,with significant differences(P<0.05).(iv)Compared to the total incidence of adverse reactions in the control group(28.00%),the incidence of total adverse reactions in the experimental group was lower at 10.00%,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combined inhalation of budesonide and formoterol with tiotropium bromide has demonstrated a clear therapeutic efficacy and safety in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.This treatment approach effectively enhances arterial blood gas levels and lung function,showing promising potential for widespread application.

Effect of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide on morphology and porous structure of mesoporous hydroxyapatite

The mesoporous hydroxyapatite （HA） was synthesized by hydrothermal method utilizing cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） as template. The crystalline phase, morphology and porous structure were characterized respectively by different detecting techniques. The results reveal that the particles are highly crystalline hydroxyapatite phase. The surfactant has little influence on the morphology of the crystals, but affects the porous structure obviously. The sample without CTAB has a low surface area not exceeding 33 m^2/g, and no distinct pores can be observed by TEM. While the samples obtained with the surfactant get better parameters. Numerous open-ended pores centered at 2-7 nm spread unequally on the surface of the hydroxyapatite nanorods. The N2 adsorption-desorption experiments show type IV isotherms with distinct hysteresis loops, illustrating the presence of mesoporous structure. When the mole ratio of CTAB to HA is 1：2, the sample has the largest surface area of 97.1 m^2/g and pore volume of 0.466 cm^3/g.

Binding tendency with oligonucleotides and cell toxicity of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide-coated single-walled carbon nanotubes

Functionalized carbon nanotubes （CNTs） were made for the delivery of genes and drugs and CNT-based biosensors. The basis of CNTs is for binding with biomolecules in biomedical applications. The binding tendency with small interfering RNA oligonucleotides and cytotoxicity of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide （CTAB）-coated single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWNTs） were studied. The field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy results show that a SWNT suspension in CTAB solution was well-dispersed and stable. CTAB is the cross-linker between SWNTs and oligonucleotides. The CTAB-coated SWNTs have less cytotoxicity to human umbilical vein endothelial cells than single SWNTs and the cytotoxicity of CTAB-coated SWNTs depended on the concentration of CTAB-coated SWNTs.

Cu(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ)Complexation with Acid Alizarine Blue B in the Presence of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide

The coordination reactions of Cu（Ⅱ） and Ni（Ⅱ） with acid alizarine blue B （AABB） in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） micelle were investigated using the microsurface adsorptionspectral correction technique （MSASC）. The aggregation of AABB on CTAB followed the Langmuir isothermal adsorption law. The enrichment of AABB on CTAB sensitized the complexation between Cu（Ⅱ） or Ni（Ⅱ）and AABB. The binding ratio of AABB to CTAB was 1：2.5, and monomeric aggregate, AABB2CTAB5, was formed with an adsorption constant of 5.95×10^5 at 20 ℃ or 2.48×10^5 at 40 ℃. In the ternary complexation, the ratio of AABB：Cu and AABB：Ni were 1：1 and 1：2.5, respectively. Two types of aggregates, Cu2.AABB2·CTAB80 and Ni5.AABB2.CTAB80, were formed.

CTAB包埋钒取代Keggin型多金属氧簇复合物催化氧化脱硫性能

通过不同钒取代的Keggin型多金属氧酸盐[PMo_(12-x)V_(x)O_(40)]^((3+x)-)(X=1,2,3,8)(简写为PMoV)与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵[(C_(16)H_(33))N(CH_(3))_(3)](CTAB)反应生成四种固体催化剂CTAB-PMo_(12-x)V_(x),比较了四种复合物的催化氧化脱硫性能。实验结果表明催化剂CTAB-PMo_(11)V_(1)的脱硫效果最佳,在6小时内能将模拟油中500ppm的BT、DBT及其衍生物完全转化。对CTAB-PMo_(11)V_(1)进行了FT-IR、XRD和SEM等表征。另外,对影响催化剂氧化脱硫效率的各种因素、催化剂的稳定性及反应机理也进行了探讨。

Water-lithium bromide-lithium nitrate三元工质双效吸收式制冷循环的研究

比较了水-溴化锂-硝酸锂三元工质与传统的水-溴化锂工质的双效吸收式制冷循环,分析了直燃型双效制冷系统。结果表明:采用新工质后,系统的热力系数COP有了明显的提高,其它表征系统热力性能的经济指标也均有不同程度的改善,尤其在直燃型双效冷热水机组中有明显的优势,热力系数COP提高约30%,溶液循环倍率降低12%。因此,该新工质与传统的水-溴化锂工质相比,具有较好的热力性能。

CO_2 capture from binary mixture via forming hydrate with the help of tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide

Hydrate formation rate and separation effect on the capture of CO2 from binary mixture via forming hydrate with 5 wt% tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide （TBAB） solution were studied. The results showed that the induction time was 5 min, and the hydrate formation process finished in 1 h at 4.5 ℃ and 4.01 MPa. The hydrate formation rate constant reached the maximum of 1.84× 10^-7 molZ/（s.J） with the feed pressure of 7.30 MPa. The CO2 recovery was about 45 % in the feed pressure range from 4.30 to 7.30 MPa. Under the feed pressure of 4.30 MPa, the maximum separation factor and CO2 concentration in hydrate phase were 7.3 and 38.2 mol%, respectively. The results demonstrated that TBAB accelerated hydrate formation and enriched CO2 in hydrate phase under the gentle condition.

Time-sliced Velocity Map Imaging Study on Photodissociation of Neopentyl Bromide and Tert-pentyl Bromide at 234 nm

We present a first velocity map imaging study on the 234 nm photodissociation dynamics of two carbon-chain branched alkyl bromides, neopentyl bromide （denoted as NPB） and tert- pentyl bromide （denoted as TPB）. Unlike the 234 nm photodissociation of the unbranched n-C5H11Br molecule where only a direct fission of the C-Br bond is involved, the branched NPB and TPB molecules exhibit one and two more independent dissociation pathways with much energy being decayed via an extensive excitation of the bending modes of the parent molecules prior to the C-Br bond fission. This observation strongly suggests that the dissociation coordinate for the two carbon-chain branched molecules is no longer solely ascribed to the C-Br stretching mode but rather a combination of the bending-stretching modes.