记述了河北蔚县中侏罗统乔儿涧组的8种苔藓植物化石:Hepaticites elegans sp. nov., H. hebeiensis sp. nov., H. sp., cf. H. solenotus, Riccardiopsis hsüi gen. et sp. nov., Metzgerites yuxianensis gen. et sp. nov., M. ex...记述了河北蔚县中侏罗统乔儿涧组的8种苔藓植物化石:Hepaticites elegans sp. nov., H. hebeiensis sp. nov., H. sp., cf. H. solenotus, Riccardiopsis hsüi gen. et sp. nov., Metzgerites yuxianensis gen. et sp. nov., M. exhibens g1n. et sp. nov., Marchantiolites sulcatus sp. nov.。通过扫描电镜和显微镜对这些化石的形态特征和细胞构造的观察和研究,发现有些属种与现代苔纲的某些科属具有一定的亲缘关系;此外对本区苔藓植物化石的生态型、古地理、古气候等问题也作了初步探讨。展开更多
[目的]以18种具有代表性的苔藓植物的叶绿体rbcL基因为研究对象,利用生物信息学方法探究其碱基组成及密码子使用特征,并用不同方法进行聚类分析。[方法]运用密码子偏性分析软件Codon W 1.4.2、碱基组成分析软件DNA star及EMBOSS的CUSP...[目的]以18种具有代表性的苔藓植物的叶绿体rbcL基因为研究对象,利用生物信息学方法探究其碱基组成及密码子使用特征,并用不同方法进行聚类分析。[方法]运用密码子偏性分析软件Codon W 1.4.2、碱基组成分析软件DNA star及EMBOSS的CUSP程序探究18种苔藓植物的密码子使用特征,用EBI的Clustal W模块和SPSS分别基于蛋白编码区(Codoning DNA sequence,CDS)核酸序列和同义密码子相对使用度(relative synonymous codon usage,RSCU)进行聚类分析。[结果]各物种rbcL基因AT含量较高;RSCU>1的密码子多以A/T结尾;18种苔藓植物之间氨基酸对密码子的选择具有较强的相似性;聚类分析中,基于CDS核酸序列的聚类基本反应真实的系统发育分类,而基于RSCU的聚类与其不一致。[结论]rbcL基因偏好使用以A/T结尾的密码子,本文分析的18种苔藓植物在进化上具有较近的进化关系,但基于CDS核酸序列的聚类和基于RSCU的聚类结果不一致,可能是由于进化过程中个别基因发生了突变。展开更多
以比较形态解剖学方法,对苔纲(Hepaticae)植物雌性生殖苞的结构及其不同成分起源进行了研究。首次把苔纲雌性生殖苞(Perichaetium)分为蒴帽型(Calyptra type)、蒴萼型(Perianth type)、鞘萼型(Coelocaule-peri-anth type)、茎鞘型(Coelo...以比较形态解剖学方法,对苔纲(Hepaticae)植物雌性生殖苞的结构及其不同成分起源进行了研究。首次把苔纲雌性生殖苞(Perichaetium)分为蒴帽型(Calyptra type)、蒴萼型(Perianth type)、鞘萼型(Coelocaule-peri-anth type)、茎鞘型(Coelocaule type)、蒴囊型(Perigynium type)、总苞型(Involucre type)和托生总苞型(Carpoceph-alum involucre type)等雌苞类型,并指明其中蒴帽型雌苞(Perichaetium of calyptra type of Hepaticae)最简单,为演化原始类群,托生总苞型雌苞(Perichaetium of carpocephalum involucre type of Hepaticae)演化最高级。还首次提出了雌苞演化示意图和"苞图式"表示苔类的雌苞结构。展开更多
The antimicrobial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of 11 Bryophyta species and 9 Marchantiophyta species collected in Latvia was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus. Th...The antimicrobial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of 11 Bryophyta species and 9 Marchantiophyta species collected in Latvia was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus. The extract of Lophocolea heterophylla inhibited the growth of B. cereus, but none of the tested extracts inhibited the growth of E. coli. 70% of bryophyte species demonstrated certain activity in relation to S. aureus. In general, 73% of ethanolic extracts and 39% of aqueous extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus. The highest degree of antibacterial activity against S. aureus was shown by the ethanolic extract of Dicranum scoparium and aqueous extracts of Atrichum undulatum and Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus. The bactericidal action was not ascertained. For the first time antimicrobial activity has been proved for three moss species—Eurhynchium angustirete, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus and Rhodobryum roseum, and for two liverwort species Frullania dilatata and Lophocolea heterophylla. Qualitative and quantitative differences of plant extracts were evaluated by FT-IR spectra.展开更多
文摘记述了河北蔚县中侏罗统乔儿涧组的8种苔藓植物化石:Hepaticites elegans sp. nov., H. hebeiensis sp. nov., H. sp., cf. H. solenotus, Riccardiopsis hsüi gen. et sp. nov., Metzgerites yuxianensis gen. et sp. nov., M. exhibens g1n. et sp. nov., Marchantiolites sulcatus sp. nov.。通过扫描电镜和显微镜对这些化石的形态特征和细胞构造的观察和研究,发现有些属种与现代苔纲的某些科属具有一定的亲缘关系;此外对本区苔藓植物化石的生态型、古地理、古气候等问题也作了初步探讨。
文摘[目的]以18种具有代表性的苔藓植物的叶绿体rbcL基因为研究对象,利用生物信息学方法探究其碱基组成及密码子使用特征,并用不同方法进行聚类分析。[方法]运用密码子偏性分析软件Codon W 1.4.2、碱基组成分析软件DNA star及EMBOSS的CUSP程序探究18种苔藓植物的密码子使用特征,用EBI的Clustal W模块和SPSS分别基于蛋白编码区(Codoning DNA sequence,CDS)核酸序列和同义密码子相对使用度(relative synonymous codon usage,RSCU)进行聚类分析。[结果]各物种rbcL基因AT含量较高;RSCU>1的密码子多以A/T结尾;18种苔藓植物之间氨基酸对密码子的选择具有较强的相似性;聚类分析中,基于CDS核酸序列的聚类基本反应真实的系统发育分类,而基于RSCU的聚类与其不一致。[结论]rbcL基因偏好使用以A/T结尾的密码子,本文分析的18种苔藓植物在进化上具有较近的进化关系,但基于CDS核酸序列的聚类和基于RSCU的聚类结果不一致,可能是由于进化过程中个别基因发生了突变。
文摘以比较形态解剖学方法,对苔纲(Hepaticae)植物雌性生殖苞的结构及其不同成分起源进行了研究。首次把苔纲雌性生殖苞(Perichaetium)分为蒴帽型(Calyptra type)、蒴萼型(Perianth type)、鞘萼型(Coelocaule-peri-anth type)、茎鞘型(Coelocaule type)、蒴囊型(Perigynium type)、总苞型(Involucre type)和托生总苞型(Carpoceph-alum involucre type)等雌苞类型,并指明其中蒴帽型雌苞(Perichaetium of calyptra type of Hepaticae)最简单,为演化原始类群,托生总苞型雌苞(Perichaetium of carpocephalum involucre type of Hepaticae)演化最高级。还首次提出了雌苞演化示意图和"苞图式"表示苔类的雌苞结构。
文摘The antimicrobial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of 11 Bryophyta species and 9 Marchantiophyta species collected in Latvia was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus. The extract of Lophocolea heterophylla inhibited the growth of B. cereus, but none of the tested extracts inhibited the growth of E. coli. 70% of bryophyte species demonstrated certain activity in relation to S. aureus. In general, 73% of ethanolic extracts and 39% of aqueous extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus. The highest degree of antibacterial activity against S. aureus was shown by the ethanolic extract of Dicranum scoparium and aqueous extracts of Atrichum undulatum and Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus. The bactericidal action was not ascertained. For the first time antimicrobial activity has been proved for three moss species—Eurhynchium angustirete, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus and Rhodobryum roseum, and for two liverwort species Frullania dilatata and Lophocolea heterophylla. Qualitative and quantitative differences of plant extracts were evaluated by FT-IR spectra.
