Discussion of the Evaluation Method and Value of Green Building's POE in the Era of Large Data

China vigorously is carrying out the construction of green building and ecological city during " The 12 th five-Year plan". Now,although the identification system of design and operation have been implemented in the evaluation of green building,lacking of appropriate evaluation after use. The actual operation results of many buildings,which have got a green building logo,are not satisfied from the user 's perspective. In this paper,an evaluation method that combines the actual building energy consumption and users' satisfaction has been discussed,based on the post occupancy evaluation( POE) theory and the Big data technology. Through the comparison and analysis of building objective operational metrics and users subjective feelings indicators,the green buildings' POE has been achieved. Finally,the study analyzes the assessed value of green building's POE from the three-time dimensions,short-term,medium-term and long-term. And the outlook of the direction is looking forward to the follow-up study.

Development an Adaptive Environmental Assessment Method for Buildings

The idea behind this work is developing an adaptive method for the environmental assessment of buildings, to configure different versions according to the variables affecting them (spatial, temporal and associated with building characteristics) to suit different evaluated projects. This method may be applied using an electronic tool, which is in a development stage. Amending different assessment versions of the adaptive method is done by including the variables effect, according to set of steps, such as modifying the formulation of the assessment items, adjusting their estimation weights, and amending their achievement evaluation levels and their returned scores. When using the adaptive method, the assessment result of a building using a certain version differs from the results using other versions, even in the same country, so configuring an appropriate version due to the variables affecting the assessment helps getting more accurate results than the ones currently provided. The main goal of that research is to introduce the adaptive method that is proposed to ensure a fairer assessment results from the perspective of Green Architecture, and allow a more credible and accuracy of results comparison according to the environmental performance of buildings. The researcher analyzed the different main features she used in developing the adaptive method, the Comparative aspects between it and the current assessment methods, and the expected reached advantages from its usage. The paper arrived to the importance of adapting the environmental assessment of buildings according to the different affecting variables, and recommended developing the adaptive method and its tool to the stage of application to benefit its advantages.

中日友好医院党建引领高质量发展实践与思考

公立医院党建工作是实现高质量发展的重要保障。本文以中日友好医院为例,介绍把党的政治建设、思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、纪律建设、制度建设与医院高质量发展紧密结合的实践探索,逐步形成以高质量党建引领高质量发展的“六提升”工作法,为公立医院党建引领高质量发展提供参考。

Procurement Method Selection for Building Maintenance Projects: The Case of Malaysian Public Universities

The purpose of this paper is to implement and validate a decision making framework for building maintenance projects. The growing importance of maintenance sector not only in Malaysia but al- so increasingly globalized, the difficulty in selecting an appropriate procurement method and lack of research in this area provide an impetus for this research. There were 19 procurement selection criteria identified. In addition, there were 4 types of procurements methods which include outsourcing by specialist term contract, outsourcing by tendered schedule term contract, out- sourcing by repair and maintenance contract and outsourcing by measured term contract identified to be the most popular procurement methods adapted by public universities currently and at the same time were considered most important. The decision making framework was developed based on AHP technique and principles. Expert Choice Software was employed as development tool where the criteria and alternatives were integrated into the framework. Finally, structured interview was conducted to validate the framework developed. The validation process was carried out through structured interview with selected public university.

Simulation Technology of Environmental Impacts by Zero-energy Residential Buildings Based on Emergy Analysis Method

This paper presents a simulation technology of environmental impact for the building. By emergy analysis method,emergy costs of building( or construction engineering) can be calculated in the life cycle. It includes the engineering cost, environmental cost and social cost of building. Through integrating GIS technology with multi-agent technology,life cycle substance and energy metabolism of building( construction engineering) can be simulated and their environmental influence can be dynamically displayed. Based on the case study of entries works‘Sunny Inside'by Xiamen University in 2013 China International Solar Decathlon Competition,we discovered the changing pattern of surrounding environmental impact from waste streams of the zero-energy building and ordinary construction. The simulation results verified and showed the Odum principles of maximum power. This paper provides a new research perspective and integration approach for the environmental impact assessment in building and construction engineering. The result will help decision-making in design and construction engineering scheme.

一种墙体蓄热量的评价方法研究

针对目前围护结构蓄热性能评价方法和指标不能有效评价蓄热量的问题,该文基于“日间热容”概念和有限差分法,提出一种新的围护结构蓄热性能评价方法和相关指标。该方法可获得围护结构逐时动态蓄热量、不同构造层次的蓄热情况以及材料层和围护结构在一定时间段和一定面积内的累积蓄热量。以一个简化的建筑模型为例,运用该方法得出建筑不同朝向、不同部位围护结构各材料层的蓄热量情况。该文的方法可为建筑围护结构实际蓄热效果提供系统全面的定量评价,为太阳能建筑分朝向、分部位的蓄热设计提供方法和依据。

集成差异化建筑集群的微网系统分层分布式优化调度

针对差异化绝热性能建筑集群与微网系统间的协同互动,提出一种基于交替方向乘子法(ADMM)的分层分布式优化调度策略,在实现微网高效、经济运行的同时,充分考虑不同建筑集群的差异化利益诉求和隐私保护需求。首先,考虑多主体利益诉求,构建了集成差异化绝热性能建筑集群的微网系统分层调度模型。在上层,微网系统运营商(MSO)通过优化购电功率、售电功率和售电价格,最大化其收益;在下层,采用热阻-热容网络对建筑的热动态过程进行差异化建模,建筑集群用户通过优化暖通空调系统送风温度和购电价格,最小化其用能成本。然后,考虑数据隐私性需求,采用ADMM进行分层分布式求解。通过引入虚拟变量拆分上层MSO和下层建筑集群用户子问题,并耦合上下层优化变量,根据ADMM进行局部更新和交替迭代,得到全局优化解。为确保算法的收敛性,利用McCormick包络松弛方法将子问题转化为凸优化。最后,通过算例分析验证了分层分布式优化调度策略的合理性和有效性。

长持时地震动对建筑结构抗震影响的研究进展

该文综述了长持时地震动作用下建筑结构抗震性能的研究进展。介绍了长持时地震动的定义和特性;梳理了长持时地震动作用下建筑结构数值模拟、试验研究和理论分析的研究进展;详细综述了长持时地震动作用下建筑结构的延性性能、耗能能力、易损性和抗倒塌性能的研究进展。此外,介绍了考虑长持时地震作用影响的建筑结构抗震设计方法,梳理了国内外建筑结构抗震设计规范对长持时地震作用的考虑方法,并对长持时地震动作用下建筑结构抗震性能的研究进行了展望。建议关注长持时地震动作用下建筑结构的抗震性能,进一步研究长持时地震动的定义和特性,改进长持时地震动作用下建筑结构的数值模拟、理论分析和试验研究方法,深入探讨长持时地震动作用下各类建筑结构的地震响应、易损性和抗倒塌性能,为未来结构抗震设计及评估中考虑长持时地震作用的影响和规范修订提供参考。

BIM技术在建筑碳排放计算领域研究进展

结合国内外相关文献,对BIM技术在建筑碳排放计算领域的研究进展进行综述。通过对研究进程的归纳,以及对建筑碳排放计算政策、计算方法、BIM技术适用性等影响因素的分析,总结BIM技术在建筑碳排放计算领域的研究现状。基于当前研究成果,将BIM技术在建筑碳排放计算领域的研究内容划分为理论方法、工具平台、应用价值三个层面。理论方法主要关注计算边界和计算方法的确定、BIM模型的数据提取方式以及BIM模型的参数扩展内容;工具平台主要探讨BIM建模工具、人工处理及算法程序、BIM软件插件、BIM平台系统的具体应用;应用价值主要体现基于BIM技术的建筑碳排放计算在建筑设计、物化、运营等各阶段的成果效益。三个层面虽已取得许多研究成果但也存在问题和难点。未来的研究可以在数字技术融合和信息管理完善两个方面深入发展。

知识建构理论的本土化:教授校长整体推进课程改革的探索

课堂教学方式的变革是世界各国课程改革的难题,也是中国课程改革最难突破的瓶颈之一。笔者自2021年起担任南京师范大学附属邗江实验小学校长,聚焦中国课堂的真实问题,引入国际学习科学前沿的知识建构理论,依托所在实验小学进行课程改革:学校为实施知识建构理论营造良好的内外部环境;改革的关键是教师,学校从理论、行为、方法三个层面开展进阶式教师培训活动。这种改革是将国际前沿理论与中国实践相结合的探索,是将大学精神融入小学管理的探索。多维层面的矛盾冲突与系统化解决,为其他国际前沿理论的本土化教改实践提供了有益的借鉴。

基于熵权法的国际消费中心城市评价指标体系构建及建设路径

基于国际消费中心城市的内涵和特征,构建由国际知名度、城市繁荣度、商业活跃度、到达便利度、消费舒适度五个一级指标以及21个二级指标组成的国际消费中心城市评价指标体系,利用熵权法对各评价指标进行赋权,最终形成国际消费中心城市综合指数评价体系。选取北京、上海、天津、广州、重庆五个国际消费中心试点城市计算综合指数及排名,并对五个城市从综合和细分维度分别进行比较分析。基于此从消费供给、消费环境、消费文化、消费业态四方面提出国内城市培育国际消费中心城市的建设路径。

组态视角下医院建筑能效提升路径研究

基于北京市22家公立医院能效提升调研,运用模糊集定性比较分析法(fsQCA)对医院建筑能效提升影响因素进行组态分析。研究表明:按照医院建筑能效提升所处的阶段,存在“引导型”“激励型”“自发型”组态驱动路径分别对应于培育期、成长期、成熟期,医院在制定个性化能效提升路径时应首先确定合理定位;“规划管理类政策”对各个阶段的医院建筑能效提升都有影响,应将规划管理类政策完善作为提升能效的实施重点。最后,提出健全管理政策规制、强化行为意识引导、完善经济激励机制、促进市场有效等能效提升对策。

基于集对分析理论和数字化平台的山岭隧道塌方风险评价

为更准确、更科学地完成山岭隧道塌方风险评价,提出一种基于层次分析法(AHP)-熵值法(Entropy)集对分析理论的山岭隧道塌方风险评价方法。首先,选取地质因素、设计因素、施工因素、管理因素4项因素作为塌方风险评价指标体系的准则层,选取12项因素作为指标层,运用层次分析法和熵值法分别计算2级指标权重;然后,引入集对分析理论确定指标联系度,并结合置信度准则对塌方风险的等级进行判定;接着,利用Grasshopper以及Python软件,对集对分析理论进行可视化程序开发,并将其与隧道-地质BIM交互模型进行耦合,建立基于AHP-Entropy集对分析模型的隧道塌方风险数字化分析平台;最后,结合重庆某隧道实际工程,验证隧道塌方风险评价的高效化、可视化效果。研究表明:基于集对分析理论的山岭隧道塌方风险评价数字化分析平台运行时间约为2 s,与传统的隧道塌方风险评价方法相比可以大大提高风险评价效率,同时利用AHP-Entropy法确定评价指标权重,提高了评价结果的可靠性。

面向应用型人才培养的多高层建筑结构设计课程教学方法探讨

多高层建筑结构设计课程将以培养应用型人才为目标,以知识传授、能力培养、素质提高为核心。课堂教学将基础理论知识具体化、形象化;结合工程实例,引导学生对现行规范条文加以融会贯通;引入体验式教学模式,通过基于设计软件的实践训练,将理论知识与实践相结合,培养学生的实践能力和创新能力。

山东囤顶建筑木作营造体系研究——以泰安常庄古聚落为例

囤顶建筑作为山东地区传统建筑形式之一,其木作营造与传承方式的系统性研究仍有极大探索空间。常庄囤顶建筑保存完整、结构鲜明,是研究山东囤顶建筑的典型案例。文章即以常庄古聚落囤顶建筑为研究对象,通过口述采访和建筑实物互证,廓清山东囤顶建筑木作中的营造体系特色以及匠作传承方式,为山东囤顶建筑木作技艺及文化的当代传承提供借鉴和思路。

夏热冬冷地区居住建筑辐射型反射隔热涂料节能设计方法研究

辐射型反射隔热涂料在夏热冬冷地区居住建筑中的应用案例越来越多,其节能设计方法备受关注。等效热阻法是目前反射隔热涂料热工设计的标准方法,但相关文献研究指出,涂覆于非透明材料上的隔热涂料应采用太阳光直接反射比作为隔热评价指标,不宜用等效热阻来评价。通过上海某6层住宅建筑探讨了夏热冬冷地区居住建筑外墙采用辐射型反射隔热涂料的节能效果及其传热系数、太阳辐射吸收系数和表面发射率之间的关系,对比分析了采用参数直接计算与等效热阻法计算能耗结果,结果表明:1)辐射型反射隔热涂料隔热机理与反射隔热涂料差异明显;2)辐射型反射隔热涂料节能效果不适宜采用等效热阻法进行节能效果评价;3)辐射型反射隔热涂料墙体冬季保温热阻设计应充分考虑其对墙体温度的负面影响。

儿童校园建筑色彩设计综述

校园是儿童学习、生活的重要场所,其环境对儿童起着培养、引导的作用。色彩作为建筑环境的重要构成要素,其选择与设计直接关系到儿童的教育与成长。文章从儿童校园建筑色彩对儿童心理、生理产生的影响出发,对儿童校园建筑色彩设计研究的理论基础进行了梳理和分析,进而从不同角度总结概括了儿童校园建筑色彩的设计原则与设计策略。最后对儿童校园建筑色彩设计的实践过程进行了总结,并对其未来发展方向提出了展望,旨在为儿童校园建筑色彩设计方法研究提供参考。

基于AHP-熵权的装配式建筑全过程安全风险与应对策略研究

为有效提炼出装配式建筑全过程安全风险的关键风险因素,探究其可持续发展方向和路径,提出基于熵权法和层次分析法(AHP)相结合的装配式建筑全程安全风险测量方法,并选择6个一级指标和主要的21个二级指标,构建了装配式建筑全过程安全风险评价指标体系,计算出各一、二级指标的相对权重与综合权重,研究得出:技术风险对装配式建筑全过程安全影响最大,影响权重为0.2707,其次是设备与材料风险(0.1927),第三是管理风险(0.1889),人为因素风险(0.1477),环境风险(0.1078),影响最小的是外部因素风险(0.0924)。最后针对评价结果提出针对性应对策略。

碳纤维复合材料在建筑加固工程中的应用

碳纤维复合材料具有强度高、质量轻等特点,在建筑加固工程中应用的碳纤维材料包含碳纤维板及碳纤维布两种,其加固操作简单、适用面广,相比传统加固方式优势明显。本文主要分析了碳纤维复合材料的加固原理及其优势,介绍了碳纤维复合材料在建筑加固中所应用的内嵌入式及外贴式加固方法,并对未来的应用做出展望,以期能够为碳纤维复合材料在建筑加固工程中的使用提供借鉴意义。

Investigation of Effects of Capacity Spectrum Method on Performance Evaluation of Multi-Story Buildings According to the IRAQI Seismic Code Requirements

The aim of this study is to assess the performance objectives defined in the Iraqi Seismic Code (ISC) in order to make a realistic evaluation related to Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) of multi-story reinforced concrete buildings and also to compare and evaluate structural response demands obtained from nonlinear static analysis procedures according to two versions of the capacity spectrum method (CSM) which are recommended in ATC 40 and ATC 55. Two groups of three-dimensional RC buildings with different heights, designed according to Iraqi Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete (IBC), are investigated. Pushover analyses are carried out to determine the nonlinear behavior of the buildings under three different seismic hazard levels, for two Iraqi seismic zones, of earthquake loads. In order to determine performance levels of the buildings, maximum inter-story drift demands and plasticizing sequence are determined and compared with the related limits using the CSM recommended in ATC 40 and ATC 55. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that RC buildings designed according to the Iraqi codes sufficiently provide the performance objectives stipulated in the ISC. Comparing structural response quantities obtained from the two versions of CSM, effects on performance evaluations of the buildings are investigated comparatively, as well.