The action mechanism of the work done by the electric field force on moving charges to stimulate the emergence of carrier generation/recombination in a PN junction

It is discovered that the product of the current and the electric field in a PN junction should be regarded as the rate of work(power)done by the electric field force on moving charges(hole current and electron current),which was previously misinterpreted as solely a Joule heating effect.We clarify that it is exactly the work done by the electric field force on the moving charges to stimulate the emergence of non-equilibrium carriers,which triggers the novel physical phenomena.As regards to Joule heat,we point out that it should be calculated from Ohm’s law,rather than simply from the product of the current and the electric field.Based on this understanding,we conduct thorough discussion on the role of the electric field force in the process of carrier recombination and carrier generation.The thermal effects of carrier recombination and carrier generation followed are incorporated into the thermal equation of energy.The present study shows that the exothermic effect of carrier recombination leads to a temperature rise at the PN interface,while the endothermic effect of carrier generation causes a temperature reduction at the interface.These two opposite effects cause opposite heat flow directions in the PN junction under forward and backward bias voltages,highlighting the significance of managing device heating phenomena in design considerations.Therefore,this study possesses referential significance for the design and tuning on the performance of piezotronic devices.

基于SolidWorkselectrical的电控教室设计

针对高职院校自动化类专业学生电气控制技术课程,以Solid Works Electrical软件为实现手段,提出一种理实一体化教室的建设方案,将Solid Works Electrical软件应用到电气控制技术课程教学过程中,提高课程教学质量。

Design of Engine-Generator Work Mode for Hybrid Electric Vehicle

From electric circuit theory view, a system model of series hybrid electric vehicle was built which uses engine-generator and battery pack as its on-board energy source in this paper. Based on the analysis for the constant power work mode and constant bus voltage work mode of engine-generator, a third work mode was put forward which combined the advantages of constant power and constant bus voltage work modes. The new work mode is reasonable to keep the battery in good working conditions and to extend its life. Also the working conditions of engine can be bettered to get low pollution and high efficiency.

A Bright Pearl by the Huangpu River -Shanghai Electrical Machinery Mfg. Works

Shanghai Electrical Machinery Manufacturing Works (abbr, SEMMW), a comprehensive electrical machinery manufacturing works with a modern production scale, is the first rank large stateowned works, which is one of the 500 largest industrial enterprises in China and in the first place of China’s power station equipment manufacturing industry. It is a hightechnology enterprise of Shanghai,

Creation and Development of Turbo-generators with Water-Cooled Stator and Rotor Windings in Shanghai Electrical Machinery Mfg Works

1. An Overview of Manufacture and Operation A turbine generator utilizing a new technology of electrical machinery industry, i.e. the windings of its stator and rotor all being inner water-cooled, was first successfully created in China and was known afterwards as a turbine generator with watercooled stator and rotor windings (Abbrev, TGWSR). The teachers from Zhejiang University came to Shanghai between

经颅磁声电刺激强度对小鼠前额叶皮质网络可塑性的影响

背景:经颅磁声电刺激是一种新型无创的神经调控技术,利用超声波与静磁场耦合作用产生的感应电场调节神经系统的放电活动,但其影响大脑突触可塑性的作用机制研究尚浅。目的:探讨经颅磁声电刺激强度对小鼠前额叶皮质神经网络突触可塑性的影响。方法:①动物实验:将24只C57小鼠平均且随机分为4组,对照组(接受伪刺激)、刺激6.35 W/cm^(2)组(接受0.3 T、6.35 W/cm^(2)的耦合刺激)、刺激17.36 W/cm^(2)组(接受0.3 T、17.36 W/cm^(2)组的耦合刺激)和刺激56.25 W/cm^(2)组(接受0.3 T、56.25 W/cm2的耦合刺激),记录小鼠执行T迷宫过程中局部场电位信号和行为学正确率。②建模仿真实验:构建经颅磁声电刺激小鼠前额叶皮质神经网络模型,分别比较不同刺激强度下神经网络结构连接特性。结果与结论:①经颅磁声电刺激能够有效缩短小鼠行为学习时间,工作记忆能力得到改善(P<0.05),且习得行为后继续刺激小鼠前额叶,各组小鼠T迷宫行为学实验准确度没有明显差异(P>0.1)。分析小鼠前额叶局部场电位信号发现经颅磁声电刺激促进了β节律与γ节律能量增强;而随刺激强度升高,β节律与γ节律出现了非同步性下降;通过β-γ相位幅值耦合发现,刺激增强了神经网络适应新的信息和任务要求的能力变化。②建模仿真发现,刺激使得神经网络放电水平增强,长时程突触权重水平提高而短时程突触权重仅在刺激强度较高时降低。③研究结果表明,不同的刺激强度与神经网络功能结构的影响存在复杂的非线性关系;这种神经调控技术为治疗突触功能障碍和神经网络异常等相关神经疾病方面提供新的可能。

Optimization of micro milling electrical discharge machining of Inconel 718 by Grey-Taguchi method

The optimization of micro milling electrical discharge machining（EDM） process parameters of Inconel 718 alloy to achieve multiple performance characteristics such as low electrode wear,high material removal rate and low working gap was investigated by the Grey-Taguchi method.The influences of peak current,pulse on-time,pulse off-time and spark gap on electrode wear（EW）,material removal rate（MRR） and working gap（WG） in the micro milling electrical discharge machining of Inconel 718 were analyzed.The experimental results show that the electrode wear decreases from 5.6×10-9 to 5.2×10-9 mm3/min,the material removal rate increases from 0.47×10-8 to 1.68×10-8 mm3/min,and the working gap decreases from 1.27 to 1.19 μm under optimal micro milling electrical discharge machining process parameters.Hence,it is clearly shown that multiple performance characteristics can be improved by using the Grey-Taguchi method.

基于VxWorks的多电飞机电气控制系统的软件研究

分析和研究了多电飞机电气系统及嵌入式实时操作系统VxWorks的特性,设计了基于Vx-Works和RS485串行总线技术的地面模拟样机;对系统的软件实现及VxWorks下串行通信等一些关键性的技术进行了论述;针对VxWorks中的图形开发包WindML和Zinc存在显示界面不友好、开发周期长的缺陷,采用LabWindows／CVI开发了上位机的监控系统,整个系统运行稳定、可靠,满足多电飞机电气控制系统地面模拟的需要。

Lon Works技术及其在变电站自动化系统中的应用

本文介绍了 Lon Works现场总线的特点、发展现状及层次结构 ,说明了用 Lon Works现场总线构成变电站自动化系统的优越性 ,并具体介绍了基于 Lon Works技术的变电站自动化系统的通信系统设计。

SolidWorks电气软件用于核电维修设备电气设计

由于核电维修设备设计的独特性和快速适应性,要求电气设计能够快速适应需求的变化并建立逼真的数字模型,以缩短设计时间,提高制造质量和速度。因此摒弃传统CAD设计方法,提出采用基于SolidWorks Electrical的电气设计方法,完成智能化的电气和3D机电一体化设计。

LonWorks现场总线技术在潮流发电控制系统中的应用

现场总线是连接智能现场设备和自动化系统的数字式双向传输多分支结构的通信网络.本文将Lon Works现场总线技术应用在由DSP控制的70KW潮流发电装置中,真正做到在办公室内控制现场设备,察看运行情况,记录运行过程并实时进行调整。

Mechanical behavior of electric resistance welded pipes in pipe-making process

The changes in the mechanical behavior of electric resistance welded（ERW） pipes before and after the cage roll forming process were investigated through tensile experiments. It is found that the Bauschinger effect does not exist in the pipe product, while the work hardening effect introduced by pipe-making is the direct cause of the mechanical changes. The prestrain introduced during different pipe-making processes are accumulative to the work hardening effect. And the increment of the yield strength for making Ф 244.48 × 8.94 pipe is approximately 45 MPa, higher than that of hot-rolled plates. It is verified that the strain ε=t/D-t is an efficient index representing the work hardening effect from the engineering viewpoint.

Effect of Deformation on the Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Aluminum-Magnesium Alloy

This paper presents the effect of deformation on the tensile strength, toughness, hardness and electrical resistance of aluminum 6063 alloy. Cast samples were cold rolled in the range of 0-24 percent thickness reduction and subjected to mechanical (static, dynamic) and electrical resistance tests. Results show significant improvement in hardness and electrical resistance properties of the alloy. The nature, amount and distribution of the secondary phase, Mg2Si,particles precipitated within the matrix which was influenced by the extent of cold-work, are responsible for the observed behaviour. The resistance of the alloy also depends on the degree of cold work carried out prior to use.

Epidemiology of electrical burns and its impact on quality of life-the developing world scenario

BACKGROUND Electrical burns are devastating injuries and can cause deep burns with significant morbidity and delayed sequelae.Epidemiological data regarding the etiology,socioeconomic differences and geographic variation are necessary to assess the disease burden and plan an effective preventive strategy.These severe injuries often lead to amputations and thus hamper quality of life in the long term AIM To identify the population at maximum risk of sustaining electrical burns.We also studied the impact of electrical burns on these patients in terms of quality of life as well as return to work.METHODS The study was conducted at a tertiary referral teaching hospital over a period of eighteen months.All patients with a history of sustaining electrical burns and satisfying the inclusion criteria were included in the study.All relevant epidemiological parameters and treatment details were recorded.The patients were subsequently followed up at 3 mo,6 mo and 9 mo.The standardized Brief Version of the Burn Speci
c Health Scale(BSHS-B)was adopted to assess quality of life.Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS statistics(version 22.0).A P value of<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS A total of 103 patients were included in the study.The mean age of the patients was 31.83 years(range 18-75 years).A significant majority(91.3%)of patients were male.The mean total body surface area(TBSA)in these patients was 21.1%.In most of the patients(67%),the injury was occupation-related.High voltage injuries were implicated in 72.8%of patients.Among the 75 high voltage burn patients,31(41%)required amputation.The mean number of surgeries the patients underwent in hospital was 2.03(range 1 to 4).The quality of life parameters amongst the patients sustaining high voltage electrical burns were poorer when compared to low voltage injuries at all follow-up intervals across nine domains.In eight of these domains,the difference was statistically significant.Similarly,the scores among the amputees were poorer when compared to non-amputees.The difference was statistically significant in six domains.CONCLUSION Electrical burns remain a problem in the developing world.Most injuries are occupation-related.The quality of life in patients with high voltage burns and amputees remains poor.Work resumption was almost impossible for amputees.These patients could not regain pre-injury status.Steps should be taken to create awareness and to implement an effective preventive strategy to safeguard against electrical injuries.

基于SolidWorks的实木电火箱取暖器设计

在我国高寒山区以及长江湿冷地区的人们,冬天有使用实木电火箱取暖器取暖的习惯。传统的实木电火箱取暖器存在温度可控性差、易引发火灾、耗能高、体积庞大的缺点。为解决上述问题,文中利用Solid Works设计了一款温度可控、功率可调且可拼装组合的新型实木电火箱取暖器。该取暖器利用温度传感器和恒温控制电路对温度进行监控调节,以达到安全节能的目的。利用机械结构实现取暖器的拼装组合以满足不同用户的需求。

基于SolidWorks的电力光缆捆扎机的虚拟样机设计研究

光缆捆扎机是智能电网信息化的信息通信工程施工中的关键设备。应用SolidWorks三维建模软件完成捆扎机零部件的建模,并应用虚拟装配技术得到捆扎机的虚拟样机模型。设计的结果表明捆扎机可以满足施工要求,具有一定的指导意义。

基于LonWorks技术的远程电站集中监控系统

本文介绍了远程电站集中监控系统的硬件组成、功能及系统特点,并论述了设计过程中软硬件的关键技术。

Using Augmented Reality Techniques to Simulate Training and Assistance in Electric Power

In combination with the augmented reality (AR) technology and Hololens device, an electric power work assist system is developed to provide a more realistic and convenient training experience for electric power training. The training effect was improved, and help guidance information was provided in the actual operation of electric power work. Experimental results show that difficulty of electric power work is reduced and the efficiency of actual work is improved.

基于SOLIDWORKS电加热器三维建模与数值分析

分析了电加热器的结构特点与SolidWorks软件的三维建模步骤。在几何模型上直接定义了载荷和边界条件,对电加热器温度场与速度场进行了模拟,模拟结果与工程实际吻合较好。探索了有无折流板对电加热器换热的影响,结果显示无折流板的出口温度高于有折流板情况,这对电加热管不利,局部温度过高,长时间工作,容易导致电加热管烧坏。可见利用SolidWorks软件可为电加热器的结构优化与换热等性能的研究提供新的设计手段。