Low Carbon Building Design Optimization Based on Intelligent Energy Management System

The construction of relevant standards for building carbon emission assessment in China has just started,and the quantitative analysis method and evaluation system are still imperfect,which hinders the development of low-carbon building design.Therefore,the use of intelligent energy management system is very necessary.The purpose of this paper is to explore the design optimization of low-carbon buildings based on intelligent energy management systems.Based on the proposed quantitative method of building carbon emission,this paper establishes the quota theoretical system of building carbon emission analysis,and develops the quota based carbon emission calculation software.Smart energy management system is a low-carbon energy-saving system based on the reference of large-scale building energy-saving system and combined with energy consumption.It provides a fast and effective calculation tool for the quantitative evaluation of carbon emission of construction projects,so as to realize the carbon emission control and optimization in the early stage of architectural design and construction.On this basis,the evaluation,analysis and calculation method of building structure based on carbon reduction target is proposed,combined with the carbon emission quota management standard proposed in this paper.Taking small high-rise residential buildings as an example,this paper compares and analyzes different building structural systems from the perspectives of structural performance,economy and carbon emission level.It provides a reference for the design and evaluation of low-carbon building structures.The smart energy management system collects user energy use parameters.It uses time period and time sequence to obtain a large amount of data for analysis and integration,which provides users with intuitive energy consumption data.Compared with the traditional architectural design method,the industrialized construction method can save 589.22 megajoules(MJ)per square meter.Based on 29270 megajoules(MJ)per ton of standard coal,the construction area of the case is about 8000 m2,and the energy saving of residential buildings is 161.04 tons of standard coal.This research is of great significance in reducing the carbon emission intensity of buildings.

Green and Low-carbon Development Strategy for Large Energy Enterprises

Green and low-carbon development is the critical countermeasure to cope with climate change and to promote energy production and consumption revolution.China National Offshore Oil Corporation(“CNOOC”)has thoroughly implemented the requirements of the country’s ecological civilisation construction,highlighting the mission and responsibility of large central energy enterprises.Combined with the characteristics of its industry,CNOOC put forward a green low-carbon development strategy.CNOOC has put into practice the concept and practice of green and lowcarbon development by optimising the design of management systems,innovating energy conservation and emission reduction management and practice,promoting the construction of a green manufacturing system,and strengthening the supply of low-carbon clean energy.The main path and direction of the follow-up of the sustainable development are clearly defined.These practices provide a useful reference for promoting the transformation of China’s economic development mode to being more green and low-carbon,constructing an ecological civilization and development that is sustainable.

Developmental Status Quo and Trends of Low-carbon Agriculture

In order to reduce carbon emission in agricultural production,this paper has discussed the developmental trends of low-carbon agriculture in terms of developing precision agriculture,improving the efficiency of fertilizer utilization,scientific use of pesticides,water-saving irrigation,ecological control of pests and diseases,as well as energy conservation and emission reduction by agricultural machinery and other agricultural practices.

The Strategy for the Development of Low-carbon Animal Husbandry in Taiwan and the Lessons Drawn from It

In this paper,we analyze the strategies for the development of low-carbon animal husbandry in Taiwan which mainly focuses on strengthening the livestock farm carbon reduction,promoting the livestock breeding energy conservation and emission reduction technology,and develop the environmental protection laws related to animal husbandry to combat animal husbandry pollution. Learning from the strategies and legislative management experience for the development of low-carbon animal husbandry in Taiwan,we set forth the following recommendations for improving the development of low-carbon animal husbandry in China's Mainland: increasing the financial investment in environmental protection; strengthening the scientific research of cleaner production; promoting sound pollution control legislation; moderately restricting the scale of livestock and poultry farm.

Interpretation of Low-carbon City Planning and Design——A Case Study of Gaochun Zijin Science and Technology Special Community

It is an important and unique approach of achieving sustainable urban development to save and use energy intensively, reduce carbon emission, and take the low-carbon development road. Taking Gaochun Zijin Science and Technology Special Community for example, this paper introduced planning measures for building a low-carbon city, including building a green network, compound utilization of urban spaces, establishing green transportation, using renewable resources, development of green architecture, so as to provide references for the future researches on the low-carbon urban development.

三银Low-E玻璃对减少碳排放的计算及应用研究

鉴于建筑物在其整个生命周期内的能源消耗占全球总能耗的显著比例,使用高效节能建材,是推动建筑绿色低碳化、助力实现“碳达峰”与“碳中和”目标的有效途径之一。三银Low-E玻璃凭借其独特的膜层结构,具有卓越的节能效果。为深入探究三银Low-E玻璃的碳减排性能,通过对采用不同类型银基Low-E玻璃的建筑的碳排放量进行精确测算,对比分析单、双、三银Low-E玻璃的碳减排效果,从而为三银Low-E玻璃的市场推广提供坚实的理论依据。

Addressing Climate Change： Situations Analysis and Strategic Choice

基于对我国应对气候变化面临形势和世界主要国家应对气候变化策略的分析，阐述了我国应当把低碳发展作为应对气候变化策略的原因，提出了我国促进低碳发展战略的指导思想、战略目标，以及建设节约型社会、构建低碳型国民经济体系、构建低碳型消费模式和构建符合低碳发展要求的政府宏观调控体系等战略重点，进一步分析提出了完善节能减排约束性指标体系、尽快攻克煤炭清洁发电关键技术、以发展循环经济为抓手促进绿色经济发展等战略措施选择。

Low-E中空玻璃实验房的温度分布和节能效果研究

建筑外窗节能成为建筑外墙节能的重要组成部分,尤其对于大窗墙比的建筑尤其重要。分别采用白玻璃(普通平板玻璃)、离线单银Low-E玻璃和离线双银Low-E玻璃制成中空玻璃(6+9A+6),安装成2 m×2 m×2 m带有空调的玻璃房,检测空调开启状态下与玻璃房的温度分布状况,统计了三种玻璃组合的中空玻璃房的耗电量情况,证明双银及单银Low-E玻璃具有明显的节能效果,并且隔热效果较好,值得推广应用。

超白在线Low-E玻璃

建筑节能已日益成为国家重点关注的领域,中航三鑫股份有限公司海南中航特玻基地通过引进美国PPG公司在线CVD镀膜技术,成功研制开发出超白在线Low-E玻璃,其产品指标达到国际先进水平。该产品具有可见光高透过、膜层牢固、辐射率底、可二次加工、不易自爆等特点,可广泛应用于建筑节能门窗及大面积幕墙工程。

Construction and Implementation of CNOOC's Green Supply China

Firstly, the construction background and basic connotations of CNOOC's Green Supply Chain was presented in this paper. Then, a detailed introduction to CNOOC's good practices for building green oil and gas fields, green power plants, green refineries and green chemical plants was given with respect to the establishment of a green production construction and assessment system as well as green exploration, green manufacturing,green products, green sales, green recovery and other aspects. Finally, the effects of the Green Supply Chain established by CNOOC were summarized.

大庆喇嘛甸油田低碳示范区建设探索与实践

“双碳”背景下,大庆油田全力构建清洁高效的能源体系,打造千万千瓦级新能源基地。喇嘛甸油田结合特高含水开发及整装油田典型特点,依托资源优势,探索建设喇北北块低碳示范区。以全面能源调查为基础,明确将灰电与天然气作为替代目标,确定了“节能降碳、清洁替碳”两步走建设思路。结合油田用热特点,整体部署油田余热、地热、光热及电热多能互补方案,全面实施工艺流程再造、立体化节能、清洁热能替代、清洁电能替代。根据油田中部地区管网密度大、周边可利用土地多的特点,以最大发电量、最小弃电量为目标,整体优化风光发电建设布局和规模,以实现区域多能互补、供用能平衡及高替代率。低碳示范区将新能源技术与现有生产工艺深化融合,开展了先导性的储能、制氢、微电网、能源管控技术研究。低碳示范区预期2025年全面建成,清洁能源替代率将达到46.4%,将有力推动油田能源变革、绿色低碳转型。

基于建筑碳排放模型的管理体系研究

为了有效控制单体建筑的节能减排,增强校园生态可持续发展动力,以中国地质大学(北京)为例,采用聚类分析、主成分分析和因子分析的方法,对建筑单体的边界条件、水电气等的碳排放规律、特点和影响因素进行分析,建立多元统计模型。结果显示:模型可以获得单体建筑的碳排放,可用于衡量不同区域和不同建筑的碳排放规模。

安徽省典型超低能耗居住建筑外墙材料全生命周期碳排放测算

通过调研安徽省的超低能耗居住建筑,总结出常用的保温形式和保温材料,结合实际项目,得出7种典型外墙构造。从全生命周期角度,对这7种外墙构造在建材生产阶段、建材运输阶段、外墙施工阶段、外墙维护阶段、外墙拆除阶段的碳排放量进行测算。结果表明:建材生产阶段的碳排放量占比最大,达到总碳排放量的70%以上;装配式比非装配式的总碳排放量降低6%左右;内外复合保温外墙的总碳排放量最大,比“夹心保温+外保温外墙”的碳排放量高18%以上,比外保温外墙的碳排放量高11%以上;不同的保温材料和墙体材料对外墙的总碳排放量影响较小。通过分析比较,得出碳排放最优的外墙构造,从建材角度为降碳提供依据和方法。

陕西省建筑领域碳排放特征与影响因素研究

厘清建筑领域碳排放历史特征和影响因素,是建筑行业“双碳”工作部署、碳排放预测及制定减排路线的重要基础。本文以陕西省建筑领域碳排放为研究对象,以建筑建造、建筑运行和建筑拆除为核算边界,以国家、地方及行业统计数据为依据,采用基于能源平衡表拆分法、IPCC(政府间气候变化专门委员会)清单排放因子法等,计算获得了2010—2020年陕西省建筑领域能耗、碳排放分布与变化特征,结果表明:2010—2020年,陕西省建筑领域能耗总量由1412.27万t增长至1911.40万t,碳排放总量由4277.25万t增长至6004.86万t。采用Kaya恒等式和LMDI分解法进行了碳排放影响因素分析,发现影响建筑领域碳排放的最大因素为人均建筑面积和单位面积能耗强度,最后结合历史数据特征提出了陕西省建筑领域低碳发展建议。

黑菊芋加工工艺设备优化与验证

为解决传统黑菊芋加工设备工序繁杂、加工周期长、加工成本高的问题,设计结构合理、可监测温湿度及气压的小型试验箱。采用控制变量法,改变试验箱开孔密度,对菊芋进行分组加工试验,结合感官评价和营养成分分析确定最佳生产条件。再以此条件对传统小型黑菊芋加工设备进行改进,对传统加工程序进行优化。改造后的黑菊芋加工设备工序减少50%,加工时间减少45%,各项生产费用节省了83%。改造后的的黑菊芋加工设备生产效率明显提升,生产成本大幅下降;同时降低了塑料制品的使用,节能减排、低碳环保。

废旧塑料低碳经济发展与优化路径

全球经济规模持续扩张造就的以牺牲环境为代价换取发展的模式,会导致环境污染与资源短缺,废弃物资源化利用与可持续发展的低碳经济理念是各行各业转型升级的必然选择。废旧塑料资源化利用作为低碳经济必不可少的构成部分,不仅节能减排还蕴藏着经济效益与生态效益。本文主要对废旧塑料低碳经济发展模式价值及其优化路径进行了深度分析,以期挖掘废旧塑料低碳发展潜力,推进塑料相关行业健康稳定发展。

北京公交集团绿色低碳转型经验及未来发展路径研究

在全球气候变暖的背景下,绿色低碳转型已成为公共交通行业实现可持续发展的核心战略。本文深入探讨了北京公交集团在绿色低碳转型过程中的实践经验,分析了其在推动新能源公交车应用、优化能源结构、提升运营效率等方面的具体做法和取得的成效。同时,指出了在转型过程中存在的技术挑战、基础设施配套不足、实现碳中和难等问题。基于此,提出了未来北京公交集团绿色低碳转型的主要路径,包括进一步调整车辆能源结构、提升车辆使用效率、利用数据手段赋能、开展绿电绿证交易、做好能耗精细管控和提高全体员工节能意识等措施。这些措施旨在为地面公交企业的绿色低碳转型提供参考,助力实现碳达峰碳中和目标。

“双碳”背景下热法黄磷生产技术研究现状及建议

黄磷支撑着我国磷酸盐精细化和有机磷化工的发展,是磷化工行业重要的基础原材料。热法黄磷生产高能耗、高污染、高碳排放,因此创新产业可持续发展模式,突破资源、能源、环境的多重制约因素,开发绿色黄磷生产技术是我国黄磷企业今后发展的必经之路。结合“碳达峰、碳中和”的时代背景,本文阐述了黄磷生产技术发展及副产物资源化利用现状,目前黄磷生产存在磷矿资源贫化、副产物低值化利用普遍、能源转型难度高、企业整体能效水平低、产业链链接关键技术不足等问题,提出加快推广黄磷尾气烧结中低品位磷矿成球技术、加大开发资源化增值利用技术、探索黄磷还原新技术、加强企业合作、构建多产业耦合的磷资源产业循环经济五条建议,旨在助力实现黄磷行业节能降碳、绿色发展。

“双碳”背景下我国低碳电力发展研究

在“十四五”规划中提出的“碳中和”以及“碳达峰”目标对电力行业各方面的发展产生了深层次的影响,电力行业向低碳方向转型已成为主流趋势。通过阐述低碳电力体系中的低碳电厂、低碳电网、低碳能源消费以及相关评价技术,说明了该体系在节能减排、环境保护方面有着高效、清洁、可循环的低碳属性。同时,分析了国际低碳形式变化对我国的影响以及“双碳”政策具体落实过程中的相关问题,为“双碳”战略的执行以及电力行业的低碳转型提供了新的科研思路。

绿色隧道建设和养护技术研究现状

随着“双碳”国家战略的稳步推进,绿色发展理念更加深入人心,作为提升交通运输效率与服务水平的重要基础设施,绿色隧道越来越受到重视。综合分析了绿色交通相关的国家政策要求、绿色隧道相关技术研究成果。从绿色理念、生态环境保护、资源集约节约利用、节能降碳减排、舒适便捷、智能高效等角度解析了绿色隧道的内涵及外延,给出了绿色隧道的定义。基于建设期和运营期绿色隧道的技术特点,梳理总结了预制装配式技术、地源热泵技术、低碳混凝土材料研发、隧道环保选线、洞口洞门绿色设计、施工污水处理技术、洞渣再利用、低回弹喷射混凝土材料研发、照明节能技术、通风节能技术、主动降噪和被动降噪技术、运营隧道智能巡检系统、病害自动化检测和精准识别技术的相关研究成果和发展现状。综合考虑绿色隧道相关技术的不足和发展趋势,从隧道标准化建造成套技术、低碳结构材料工程应用、全生命周期隧道信息模型技术、生态环境负效应评价和生态环境保护及复原、废弃物资源化利用及无害化排放、机电系统智能控制及绿色辅助技术、智能装备等方面阐述了绿色隧道未来的发展方向,可为隧道绿色化转型提供一定的参考。