A New Dynamic and Vertical Photovoltaic Integrated Building Envelope for High-Rise Glaze-Facade Buildings

Substantially glazed facades are extensively used in contemporary high-rise buildings to achieve attractive architectural aesthetics.Inherent conflicts exist among architectural aesthetics,building energy consumption,and solar energy harvesting for glazed facades.In this study,we addressed these conflicts by introducing a new dynamic and vertical photovoltaic integrated building envelope(dvPVBE)that offers extraordinary flexibility with weather-responsive slat angles and blind positions,superior architectural aesthetics,and notable energy-saving potential.Three hierarchical control strategies were proposed for different scenarios of the dvPVBE:power generation priority(PGP),natural daylight priority(NDP),and energy-saving priority(ESP).Moreover,the PGP and ESP strategies were further analyzed in the simulation of a dvPVBE.An office room integrated with a dvPVBE was modeled using EnergyPlus.The influence of the dvPVBE in improving the building energy efficiency and corresponding optimal slat angles was investigated under the PGP and ESP control strategies.The results indicate that the application of dvPVBEs in Beijing can provide up to 131%of the annual energy demand of office rooms and significantly increase the annual net energy output by at least 226%compared with static photovoltaic(PV)blinds.The concept of this novel dvPVBE offers a viable approach by which the thermal load,daylight penetration,and energy generation can be effectively regulated.

Progress of semitransparent emerging photovoltaics for building integrated applications

With the rapid development of emerging photovoltaics technology in recent years,the application of building-integrated photovoltaics(BIPVs)has attracted the research interest of photovoltaic communities.To meet the practical application requirements of BIPVs,in addition to the evaluation indicator of power conversion efficiency(PCE),other key performance indicators such as heat-insulating ability,average visible light transmittance(AVT),color properties,and integrability are equally important.The traditional Si-based photovoltaic technology is typically limited by its opaque properties for application scenarios where transparency is required.The emerging PV technologies,such as organic and perovskite photovoltaics are promising candidates for BIPV applications,owing to their advantages such as high PCE,high AVT,and tunable properties.At present,the PCE of semitransparent perovskite solar cells(ST-PSCs)has attained 14%with AVT of 22–25%;for semitransparent organic solar cells(ST-OSCs),the PCE reached 13%with AVT of almost 40%.In this review article,we summarize recent advances in material selection,optical engineering,and device architecture design for high-performance semitransparent emerging PV devices,and discuss the application of optical modeling,as well as the challenges of commercializing these semitransparent solar cells for building-integrated applications.

Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems for Single Family Dwellings: Innovation Concepts

Growing consumer interest in distributed Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) Systems and industry competition to reduce installation costs are stimulating the development of deploying these materials to the residential sector of the building industry. This emerging market continues to attract the attention of many stakeholders, yet cohesive opportunities to deploy in residential sectors, specifically detached single-family dwellings, is scattered. As a result, this study of literature and implementation strategies through simple examples looks to identify several characteristics related to BIPV. Characteristics that were studied in this initial pilot study were design considerations for system selection, applicability to residential construction, and system and material options and enhancements. A case-study home was analyzed demonstrating opportunity for implementation of BIPV on an existing residence. Strategies for maximizing the energy-generating capacity of the system to achieve net-zero energy performance, including all building surfaces and landscaping were also explored. This body of work provides a state-of-the-art review on common materials as well as the more customizable types.

绿色金融支持我国东部地区BIPV建筑发展评价及耦合分析

以我国东部地区的10个省(市)为例,建立2017-2021年绿色金融和光伏建筑一体化(BIPV)发展的评价指标体系,并利用熵值法与耦合协调度模型开展实证分析。研究结果表明:从区域性发展差异上看,绿色金融发展和BIPV建筑发展水平较高的是上海市和北京市,相对落后的是河北省和海南省;从发展态势上看,绿色金融和BIPV建筑发展总体上呈上升趋势;从耦合特征上看,近年来我国东部地区绿色金融和BIPV建筑发展两系统之间的耦合度及耦合协调度均较高,且总体呈逐步增长的趋势。

BIPV/T–DSF与新风一体化系统性能模拟研究

为提高光伏光热建筑一体化技术中光伏组件发电效率,充分利用其光热能量,同时满足室内人员对新风的需求,本研究将光伏光热建筑一体化技术与双层皮玻璃幕墙相结合,组成BIPV/T–DSF与新风一体化系统。以沈阳市一间30 m2的卧室为研究对象,通过实地测量室内污染物浓度并进行系统仿真模拟,对室内空气质量状况进行评估,并对系统的热电性能、空气通道内流场的流动特性进行研究。结果表明:系统运行时,冬季热效率达到0.22,电效率达到0.178;夏季电效率由原来的0.151提高到0.156。新风对于室内甲醛浓度有较好的净化效果,系统通风运行20 min后,甲醛浓度即可稳定在0.033 mg/m3。

从BIPV(光伏建筑一体化)到BIPVES(光伏储能建筑一体化)

[目的]随着光伏、储能、新型建材及装配式建筑产业的发展,将光伏组件与屋面、墙体、遮阳等构件进行一体化设计与制造的光伏建筑一体化(Building Integrated Photovoltaic,BIPV)技术开始延伸为光伏储能建筑一体化(Building Integrated Photovoltaic and Energy Storge,BIPVES)技术。[方法]文章提出世界首个可充电水泥电池,将建筑墙体与光伏发电装置、储放电装置相融合;对设备和材料进行跨界创新,在玻璃表面打印高清晰度、高透光率花纹图案,制造高效光伏建材;研发预制式储能墙体,与各类钢结构装配式建筑体系进行结合,实现订制式生产、装配式施工,形成建筑构件与光伏、储能一体化的变革趋势。[结果]水泥基电池实现了建筑墙体具有光伏发电、储电以及供电等多种功能;新一代光伏建材可节省建筑外立面装饰材料的成本,降低建筑物碳排放;光伏和储能等可再生能源技术在建筑中的一体化集成,可取得最大化收益。[结论]新型光伏建材技术和水泥电池等新型储能技术具有发展前景,将可充电电池构件、光伏外墙板与装配式建筑墙体及预埋件进行组合集成并推广应用具有可行性。

基于文献计量学的BIPV系统节能研究进展与前沿分析

近年来,光伏建筑一体化(Building Integrated Photovoltaic,BIPV)应用得到了极速增长。BIPV是一种实用、创新和有前途的零碳排放建筑技术,以BIPV为核心的相关技术已成为新能源领域一个重要的研究方向。利用文献计量学的分析软件工具CiteSpace,对BIPV领域的有关文献进行可视化分析。通过对发文数量、国家、作者、研究机构、机构及作者合作关系、关键词聚类与突显等统计分析,探讨了该领域的研究热点和发展前沿。可得出结论:未来的研究热点是将从太阳能的能效方面进一步提升光伏建筑的性能,降低能耗。国内外在该领域的研究发展形势良好,研究方向主要集中于BIPV对于节能减排、清洁能源及PV-DSF(光伏双层幕墙)、PV-IGU(光伏中空玻璃)的能量性能等。

不同倾角对BIPV系统斜面总辐照量的影响分析

通用斜面总辐照量公式被广泛应用于光伏发电预测物理模型中。对于多安装角度的建筑集成光伏(Building Integrated Photovoltaic,BIPV)系统,通用斜面总辐照量公式由于没有考虑倾角因素的影响,存在预测精度低、计算复杂等问题。通过对典型BIPV系统不同倾角对斜面总辐照量影响的分析,提出一种基于多项式拟合的BIPV系统斜面总辐照量计算方法,并利用贝叶斯信息准则(Bayesian Information Criterion,BIC)确定最优多项式阶次。该方法相对于通用计算公式具有原理简单、计算便捷、准确度高的优势,并且对不同倾角具有较强的适应性。将该方法应用于BIPV系统发电量预测试验,验证了该方法相对于通用斜面总辐照量公式的优越性。

恶劣基建环境中BIPV光伏组件安装工艺的研究

面对泥泞地面和大型机械难以进入等复杂条件,恶劣的建设环境对BIPV(光伏建筑一体化)项目构成了巨大挑战。本文旨在探讨在这些特殊条件下的安装实施策略,研究了在恶劣地面条件下BIPV组件的安装过程,介绍了一种适用于泥泞和恶劣地面条件的光伏组件安装工具,总结了在恶劣建设环境下BIPV项目实施的项目实践,为在恶劣建设环境下进行BIPV项目建设提供参考和借鉴。

Economic Feasibility Assessment of Motorized PV Louver System Considering the Near Shading Parameter, Array Incidence Losses and Other Environmental Factors

Seoul has good weather settings for incorporating renewable energies, hence, given its small land area living mode was mostly set in an apartment condition it is an ideal place for building applied photovoltaic (BAPV) for solar energy harvesting. On the other hand, the BAPV energy self-consumption hasn’t been thoroughly examined considering the overall energy consumption requirement. Therefore, presented in this communication are the viability of PVL to produce electricity from solar energy and insights on modulating and improving energy harvesting efficiency. To accomplish this objective, three major factors were considered: 1) the photovoltaic (PV) positioning;2) the solar tracking scenario;and 3) the mechanistic system energy consumption. The overall louver energy generation was thoroughly scrutinized from the net energy conception of the BAPV up to the mechanistic module energy expenditure. This work intends to provide insights into the economic feasibility of BAPV assessing its technological profitability in the specified location and building size.

Photogrammetry and deep learning for energy production prediction and building-integrated photovoltaics decarbonization

Building-Integrated photovoltaics(BIPV)have emerged as a promising sustainable energy solution,relying on accurate energy production predictions and effective decarbonization strategies for efficient deployment.This paper presents a novel approach that combines photogrammetry and deep learning techniques to address the problem of BIPV decarbonization.The method is called BIM-AITIZATION referring to the integration of BIM data,AI techniques,and automation principles.It integrates photogrammetric data into practical BIM parameters.In addition,it enhances the precision and reliability of PV energy prediction by using artificial intelligence strategies.The primary aim of this approach is to offer advanced,data-driven energy forecasts and BIPV decarbonization while fully automating the underlying process.To achieve this,the first step is to capture point cloud data of the building through photogrammetric acquisition.This data undergoes preprocessing to identify and remove unwanted points,followed by plan segmentation to extract the plan facade.After that,a meteorological dataset is assembled,incorporating various attributes that influence energy production,including solar irradiance parameters as well as BIM parameters.Finally,machine and deep learning techniques are used for accurate photovoltaic energy predictions and the automation of the entire process.Extensive experiments are conducted,including multiple tests aimed at assessing the performance of diverse machine learning models.The objective is to identify the most suitable model for our specific application.Furthermore,a comparative analysis is undertaken,comparing the performance of the proposed model against that of various established BIPV software tools.The outcomes reveal that the proposed approach surpasses existing software solutions in both accuracy and precision.To extend its applicability,the approach is evaluated using a building case study,demonstrating its ability to generalize effectively to new building data.

一种基于辐射模拟的BIPV系统发电量计算方法

本文针对复杂环境下光伏建筑一体化(BIPV)发电量计算难的问题,以海南某医院大楼为实际应用场景,通过引入建筑信息模型(BIM)与建立太阳辐射模型,提出了一种较为简单的光伏发电量的模拟与计算方法。首先基于Revit软件建立大楼BIM模型,并结合当地气候特点分析建筑材料参数;接着建立太阳辐射模型,并利用Ecotect软件对大楼模型作太阳辐射模拟,分析其全年辐射量的分布特点与典型气候特征对辐射量的影响;最后基于得到的辐射模拟数据,计算BIPV总发电量,并与传统方法对比分析以证明其准确性。

Research on Key Technologies of Solar Photovoltaic Building Integration

On December 21,2020,The State Council Information Office issued a white paper titled"China's Energy Development in the New Era,"in which the installed capacity of hydropower,wind power,photovoltaic power and biomass power generation in China ranked first in the world[1].Solar photovoltaic power generation is the most important development direction of clean energy in the world.It is an important energy strategy to combine it with the field of construction in China.This paper mainly introduces the characteristics and problems of the key technologies of solar photovoltaic building integration,and explores its future development direction and ways,in order to constantly promote the industrialization of new energy technology in China.

半透明太阳能电池在BIPV中的适用性研究

半透明太阳能电池因其兼具优秀的发电性能和透光性能而被认为在建筑光伏一体化(BIPV)领域极具应用潜力。为了探究半透明太阳能电池在实际绿建工程中的适用条件和优势体现,并分析利用综合光伏系统实现建筑零碳排放的可能性,以在建的常州市建科大楼为例,以现有的研究数据为依据,用数值模拟的方法对半透明太阳能电池在典型绿色办公建筑中的应用进行研究。研究结果给出了满足建筑采光和减碳需求的具体条件,证实了将半透明太阳能电池应用于绿色建筑的可行性。可作为光伏系统设计问题的一种解决途径,研究结果可作为半透明光伏器件投入实际工程的参考依据。

“双碳”背景下基于BIPV的应用场景分析

建筑行业在全国碳排放总量中占据着较大的比例,约占三分之一,这使得建筑节能减排成为实现“碳达峰、碳中和”双碳目标的关键环节。目前,建筑行业很多采用的太阳能光伏建筑技术形式为“安装型”(BAPV),即将光伏组件直接附着在建筑表面而非作为建筑材料的一部分。而光伏建筑一体化技术(BIPV)是一种将光伏发电技术与建筑材料进行集成设计的技术,其将光伏发电技术与建筑设计紧密融合,真正实现降低建筑能耗、减少碳排放的目的。该文将从构建型、建材型、结合安装型等角度探讨BIPV技术在建筑场景中的应用,为实现建筑碳排放减排目标提供重要技术支持,以此促进建筑绿色化转型与光伏发电行业发展。

建筑光伏一体化 技术助力低碳生活——以隆基绿能BIPV解决方案及案例实践为例

建筑光伏一体化技术近年来成为推动低碳生活的重要手段,全球范围内,建筑光伏一体化技术已经被广泛应用,成为一种可持续发展的建筑形态。本文对建筑光伏一体化技术的原理、应用、发展现状和存在问题进行了详细分析。以隆基绿能BIPV解决方案为例,简述隆基通过持续推进技术创新和解决方案优化等措施,不断降低BIPV方案的成本,提高方案的性能和适应性。探讨建筑光伏一体化技术的应用与发展,并对助推绿色建筑发展提出建议。

冰上运动建筑曲面光伏参数化集成设计研究

2022年冬奥会成功举办,国内掀起了冰上体育运动的热潮,冰上运动建筑需求量和能源消耗量随之增长。光伏建筑一体化(Building Integrated Photovoltaic,BIPV)作为建筑节能的主要手段之一,在体育建筑屋面具有较大的集成潜力。通过建立寒冷地区曲面冰上运动建筑典型模型进行集成设计研究,基于Grasshopper参数化平台实现新型柔性CIGS薄膜光伏组件沿屋面曲线形态的优化布置,从两个层级出发,提出参数化设计方法与构造措施。通过Honeybee进行能耗模拟,结果表明,该柔性光伏系统全年可以为冰上运动建筑降低15.82%的能量消耗,进而验证了该方案的节能性,为建筑师进行寒冷地区曲面冰上运动建筑设计的节能优化设计提供数据支撑及科学依据。

既有厂房屋顶BIPV项目设计、施工重难点及联动优化管理研究

相对于传统屋顶分布式光伏项目,光伏建筑一体化项目在国内外尚属起步阶段,在既有厂房屋顶尤其是联排、大面积厂房屋顶开展光伏建筑一体化项目建设的可参考经验较少。依托主体已完工的光伏建筑一体化项目,总结、分析光伏建筑一体化项目实施过程中需要解决的具有代表性的设计、施工及施工管理重难点问题,提出针对性的解决方案,探讨和分享在项目建设过程中建立的以提高光伏建筑一体化工程总承包项目管理水平为目的设计、施工联动优化管理方法。

考虑建筑物热惯性的综合能源系统主从博弈协调优化策略

从用户角度出发,提出一种考虑建筑物热惯性的综合能源系统主从博弈协调优化策略。首先,建立热网特性模型和建筑物热惯性模型,并构建以微网运营商为领导者,用户为跟随者的主从博弈数学模型。在光伏出力大时,用户通过电制热设备将电能转化为热能,并利用建筑物热惯性将热能加以存储,无需将光伏余电尽数售给微网运营商,可增强用户权益,同时可有效避免大量光伏余电接入电网,进而缓和余电上网的压力。其次,考虑用户用能满意度及温度舒适度,建立微网运营商与用户的定价、定量模型,并证明Stackelberg博弈均衡解的存在性与唯一性。最后通过算例验证所提策略的有效性,极大地增强了用户权益,同时避免用户光伏余电大量接入电网。