Inter-Organizational Conflict (IOC) in Building Refurbishment Projects;an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) approach

Over the past years,there has been an expanding intrigued in building refurbishment projects because of the alter in financial conditions and the accentuation on sustainable development.Increasing demand for building refurbishment projects will lead to an increase in organizational interactions in the construction works as building refurbishment works involve interactions among many different organizations and it can cause Inter-Organizational conflict(IOC)among organizations involved in projects.This paper adopted an Exploratory Factor Analysis(EFA)approach to analyses IOC in building refurbishment projects.For this study,a fivepoint Likert Scale was adopted to ensure the instruments of the study are reliable.The researcher ultimately sent questionnaires as a web-link and email invitation to 1050 construction firms and 733 architectural firms.The questionnaire sent to managers and professionals from construction and architectural firms in Malaysia.Finally,one-hundred-seventy-nine(179)refurbishment projects formed a database for this paper.The finding of this paper shows the IOC factors that contribute to the improve the performance of building refurbishment project can be conflict during the construction stage,conflict between the client and the consultant,task expectations,basic responsibilities,final duration,project’s goals,conflict between the client and the contractor,final cost,final quality,standards of behaviors,conflict between the contractor and the consultant,interference and conflict during the design stage.

Impact of Risk on Performance of Design and Build Projects in Lagos State, Nigeria

＂Design and Build＂ procurement method has been in use in Nigeria and this method has been latent with a lot of risks. This study intends to identify the risk inherent in ＂Design and Build＂ and also to evaluate the impact of the identified risks on project performance. A descriptive research survey is undertaken for this study. Snowballing sampling technique was used via the use of questionnaires. Population of the study includes contracting organizations, consultants and clients＇ organizations that are recently involved in ＂Design and Build＂ projects. A total of 39 questionnaires were distributed and 27 were returned and used for the analysis. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used for analyzing the data collected. Descriptive statistical tool of mean item score was employed for the analysis. The results show that the most prominent risk is change in quantity/scope of work in terms of cost related risk while in terms of time related risks the most prominent risk is design changes. Errors and omissions during construction are the risks prominent in terms of quality. In conclusion, ＂Design and Build＂ procurement has a lot of inherent, unresolved and undefined cost, time and quality related factors that can trigger off risks that will affect performance of DB project. Implications of this study to practitioners in the construction is such that the findings of this study can create awareness for stakeholders and construction practitioners of the prominent risks that affect DB projects and this can help in better management of future DB projects in Nigeria and other developing countries. Design and Build procurement in spite of these plethora of risks is still strongly recommended for clients, stakeholders and other practitioners in the construction industry for use in their future projects. This procurement method delivers project faster, within cost and offers good quality of workmanship and product to users of this method.

Agricultural Changes in Xinjiang in the Sixth Year of Guangxu s Reign from the Perspective of the Monument for Building Qarqi Canal

The Monument for Building Qarqi Canal was inscribed in the sixth year of Guangxu s reign in the Qing Dynasty(1880).This inscription made a detailed record of the event when the Qing army expelled the invading army of Mohammad Yaqub Beg,whenever the Qing army regained a place,it immediately started recruiting exiled people,restoring agriculture,building water conservancy and did other rehabilitation works.The army of the Qing Dynasty successively established rehabilitation bureaus in various parts of southern Xinjiang to be responsible for the rehabilitation works.These once again set off a climax in the development of water conservancy in multi-ethnic areas in Xinjiang,and laid the foundation for the rapid development of agricultural development and water conservancy in Xinjiang during the Guangxu s reign in the Qing Dynasty.

Building the Three Gorges Project for the Chinese Nation—An Interview with General Manager Lu Youmei, China Yangtze River Three Gorges Project Development Corporation

The Yangtze River has nurtured the fertile land on both its banks and hundreds of millions of Chinese people. but its raging waters have also wreaked havoc on the people living in its reaches. Since the founding of New China, large-scale surveys, planning, scientific research and feasibility studies have been carried out in an effort to harness the

Development of Human Resources for GEN （Generation） II1＋ New Build Projects

After a long period without new NPPs （nuclear power plants） being designed or constructed in Europe, new build projects have been prepared, planned and are now under construction. The majority of these projects involve a new design with an enhanced level of safety, called GEN （Generation） III＋. Although the serious events at the Japanese Fukushima Daiichi NPP caused by a tsunami led to a reduction in the number of new projects or even a phase out of nuclear power in some countries, only a slight reduction or delay of projects is expected globally. GEN III＋ new build projects give rise to several economical, technical, human resource and organizational challenges. The paper starts with a discussion of these challenges and presents several activities that have been started to deal with them. It focuses on the development of human resources, coordinated approach of operators and suppliers can lead to the needs-oriented human resources development. particularly with operators and suppliers of GEN III＋ NPPs. Only a successful execution of these projects. The focus must be on the

Analysis on Reformation of Digital Management Education of Prefabricated Construction Project Under the Background of Intelligent Construction

Prefabricated building is an important building development mode at present.It can improve the development speed and production efficiency of the construction industry,reduce the labor intensity of construction,play an important role in the development as well as the modernization of the construction industry.Due to the late development of prefabricated buildings,the talent training of prefabricated buildings lags behind,causing the development of prefabricated buildings to not achieve its required target.Therefore,the characteristics of intelligent construction need to be incorporated,the education of prefabricated buildings needs to be reformed,the education regarding digital management of prefabricated buildings should be improved,and more professional talents should be nurtured.

Public libraries in China:Development and challenge

Since the start of the new century, public libraries in China have shown a healthy trend of development, featuring an ever-increasing scale, an initially established service system, a steady progress in infrastructure construction, improvement in networking, digitization and modernization levels, and strengthening of service efficacy. Nevertheless, there are also serious problems, such as a weak foundation, insufficient funding, lagging legislation,and shortage of professionals. For the present and for a certain period to come, the focus of the building of public libraries should be placed on further seeking financial support, promoting the building of service systems covering both urban and rural areas, and improving services.