In this paper,we examine the interrelation between innovation and commercial marketing using the DFH-4 series bus satellite as an example which customers are familiar with.Strategies in evolving satellite buses and ke...In this paper,we examine the interrelation between innovation and commercial marketing using the DFH-4 series bus satellite as an example which customers are familiar with.Strategies in evolving satellite buses and key subsystem technologies without compromising on advanced innovations,favorable heritage and thorough verification are also discussed.Market development experiences with the DFH-4 series bus satellite are summarized and market recognition is reflected from the space insurance perspective.展开更多
教练员教育是提升教练员专业化水平,促进教练员职业发展的重要动力。以1991-2023年Web of Science核心合集数据库收录的教练员教育相关文献为研究对象,分析国外教练员教育的研究进展,总结特点并提出启示。研究结果显示,当前国外教练员...教练员教育是提升教练员专业化水平,促进教练员职业发展的重要动力。以1991-2023年Web of Science核心合集数据库收录的教练员教育相关文献为研究对象,分析国外教练员教育的研究进展,总结特点并提出启示。研究结果显示,当前国外教练员教育的研究主要聚焦于教练员职业发展、教练员学习路径、教练员教育项目、教练员发展者四个方面。呈现出以下特点:教练员职业发展具有线性和非线性的双重特征;非正式化学习路径是教练员教育的重要补充;以教练员为中心是引领正式化教练员教育发展的重要理念;高水平教练员发展者是开展高质量教练员教育的重要保障。启示如下:优化培养环境,激发教练员职业发展的热情;搭建多元化学习路径,满足教练员能力提升的多重需要;树立以教练员为中心的理念,优化正式教练员教育体系;严格教练员发展者的准入标准,提升教练员教育的服务水平。展开更多
In view of the problem of lacking peer coaching among college teachers,taking teachers in local universities in Hangzhou as the research subject,the paper analyzes the relationship between peer coaching and teachers’...In view of the problem of lacking peer coaching among college teachers,taking teachers in local universities in Hangzhou as the research subject,the paper analyzes the relationship between peer coaching and teachers’professional development.The paper then proposes to establish teaching practice communities in higher education,which is of great significance to improve the teaching quality and promote the professional development of university teachers.Strategies for constructing teaching practice communities are also discussed.展开更多
This paper evaluates rail transit within the context of the transit policies implemented in Lima,Peru.First it reviews the implementation of rapid transit,and bus reform.Secondly,it evaluates the outcomes of such poli...This paper evaluates rail transit within the context of the transit policies implemented in Lima,Peru.First it reviews the implementation of rapid transit,and bus reform.Secondly,it evaluates the outcomes of such policies by using Total Factor Productivity for policy effectiveness,Data Envelopment Analysis for rapid transit performance,and Generalized Cost of Travel for improvements.This paper finds that implementation failed in enforcing key requirements for rail transit regarding penetration of CBD and short transfers to bus transit;and that the basic assumptions of bus reform did not hold regarding bus oversupply,bus congestion or bus pollution.This paper also finds that outcomes of policies failed dramatically in achieving the planning goals;however,rail transit(Metro)shows high level of resilience in serving large ridership at high speed.On the other hand,bus reform was associated with a disproportionate increase of motorization,well over the effect of income growth or car attractiveness,and more related to the excessive reduction of bus transit capacity ill-advised from unproved bus reform assumptions.This paper recommends expanding rail rapid transit due to its intensive use of green renewable energy and its potential of demand growth if combined with modern Intelligent Transportation services,but this opportunity can be wasted without the proposed policy constraint to achieve lower Generalized Cost of Travel at any governmental intervention for bus reform,instead of just reducing bus transit capacity as implemented.Finally,this paper recommends government to government contracts to build rail transit and to enforce proper planning.展开更多
文摘In this paper,we examine the interrelation between innovation and commercial marketing using the DFH-4 series bus satellite as an example which customers are familiar with.Strategies in evolving satellite buses and key subsystem technologies without compromising on advanced innovations,favorable heritage and thorough verification are also discussed.Market development experiences with the DFH-4 series bus satellite are summarized and market recognition is reflected from the space insurance perspective.
文摘教练员教育是提升教练员专业化水平,促进教练员职业发展的重要动力。以1991-2023年Web of Science核心合集数据库收录的教练员教育相关文献为研究对象,分析国外教练员教育的研究进展,总结特点并提出启示。研究结果显示,当前国外教练员教育的研究主要聚焦于教练员职业发展、教练员学习路径、教练员教育项目、教练员发展者四个方面。呈现出以下特点:教练员职业发展具有线性和非线性的双重特征;非正式化学习路径是教练员教育的重要补充;以教练员为中心是引领正式化教练员教育发展的重要理念;高水平教练员发展者是开展高质量教练员教育的重要保障。启示如下:优化培养环境,激发教练员职业发展的热情;搭建多元化学习路径,满足教练员能力提升的多重需要;树立以教练员为中心的理念,优化正式教练员教育体系;严格教练员发展者的准入标准,提升教练员教育的服务水平。
基金This paper is part of the research results of the 2022 Curriculum Ideological and Political Teaching Research Project of Hangzhou College of Commerce(Project No.:2122252).
文摘In view of the problem of lacking peer coaching among college teachers,taking teachers in local universities in Hangzhou as the research subject,the paper analyzes the relationship between peer coaching and teachers’professional development.The paper then proposes to establish teaching practice communities in higher education,which is of great significance to improve the teaching quality and promote the professional development of university teachers.Strategies for constructing teaching practice communities are also discussed.
文摘This paper evaluates rail transit within the context of the transit policies implemented in Lima,Peru.First it reviews the implementation of rapid transit,and bus reform.Secondly,it evaluates the outcomes of such policies by using Total Factor Productivity for policy effectiveness,Data Envelopment Analysis for rapid transit performance,and Generalized Cost of Travel for improvements.This paper finds that implementation failed in enforcing key requirements for rail transit regarding penetration of CBD and short transfers to bus transit;and that the basic assumptions of bus reform did not hold regarding bus oversupply,bus congestion or bus pollution.This paper also finds that outcomes of policies failed dramatically in achieving the planning goals;however,rail transit(Metro)shows high level of resilience in serving large ridership at high speed.On the other hand,bus reform was associated with a disproportionate increase of motorization,well over the effect of income growth or car attractiveness,and more related to the excessive reduction of bus transit capacity ill-advised from unproved bus reform assumptions.This paper recommends expanding rail rapid transit due to its intensive use of green renewable energy and its potential of demand growth if combined with modern Intelligent Transportation services,but this opportunity can be wasted without the proposed policy constraint to achieve lower Generalized Cost of Travel at any governmental intervention for bus reform,instead of just reducing bus transit capacity as implemented.Finally,this paper recommends government to government contracts to build rail transit and to enforce proper planning.
