The common phenomenon of uneven headway in bus service is explored based on the automatic vehicle location （AVL） data of Route 2 in Yichun City of Jiangxi province from 6：00 to 9：00 in the morning. The headway reg...The common phenomenon of uneven headway in bus service is explored based on the automatic vehicle location （AVL） data of Route 2 in Yichun City of Jiangxi province from 6：00 to 9：00 in the morning. The headway regularity of two stages 6： 00--7：00 and 7： 00--9：00 is comparatively analyzed, and it is found that both the traffic conditions and the passenger demand affect headway regularity. A bus arrival model, which assumes that the dwell time of a bus is linear in headway, is built to probe the effect of scheduled headway, and the model is simulated by Matlab. The simulation results reveal that the departure intervals and fluctuations affect headway regularity. Longer intervals and less fluctuation mean higher regularity of headway. And, the fluctuation has a more obvious influence on headway regularity than the interval. Controlling the fluctuations of scheduled headway can effectively raise the regularity of headway and improve the level of public transport service.展开更多
In high-frequency bus services,maintaining the service regularity is a critical issue.The service regularity is directly related to the excessive waiting times(EWT) of passengers at bus stops.In a regular service,the ...In high-frequency bus services,maintaining the service regularity is a critical issue.The service regularity is directly related to the excessive waiting times(EWT) of passengers at bus stops.In a regular service,the EWT is minimized resulting in even headways between consecutive buses of the same line.In this study,we propose the combined use of rescheduling and bus holding to improve passengers’ excessive waiting times.We model the dynamic rescheduling and bus holding problem as an integer nonlinear program(INLP) and we prove its NP-hardness.Our model considers the constraints of the original timetable e an issue that is usually neglected from most dynamic control methods.Given the NP-hardness of our mathematical program,we introduce a problem-specific heuristic to explore efficiently the solution space.The convergence rate of the proposed heuristic is tested against other solution methods,including simulated annealing with linear cooling,hill climbing and branch and bound with multi-start sequential quadratic programming.In addition,simulations with the use of actual operational data from a major bus operator in Asia Pacific demonstrate an up to 35% potential EWT improvement for a minor increase of 6% to the travel times of onboard passengers.展开更多
基金The National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(No.2012CB725402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50978057)Program of Scientific Innovation Research of College Graduate in Jiangsu Province(No.CXLX12_0108)
文摘The common phenomenon of uneven headway in bus service is explored based on the automatic vehicle location （AVL） data of Route 2 in Yichun City of Jiangxi province from 6：00 to 9：00 in the morning. The headway regularity of two stages 6： 00--7：00 and 7： 00--9：00 is comparatively analyzed, and it is found that both the traffic conditions and the passenger demand affect headway regularity. A bus arrival model, which assumes that the dwell time of a bus is linear in headway, is built to probe the effect of scheduled headway, and the model is simulated by Matlab. The simulation results reveal that the departure intervals and fluctuations affect headway regularity. Longer intervals and less fluctuation mean higher regularity of headway. And, the fluctuation has a more obvious influence on headway regularity than the interval. Controlling the fluctuations of scheduled headway can effectively raise the regularity of headway and improve the level of public transport service.
文摘In high-frequency bus services,maintaining the service regularity is a critical issue.The service regularity is directly related to the excessive waiting times(EWT) of passengers at bus stops.In a regular service,the EWT is minimized resulting in even headways between consecutive buses of the same line.In this study,we propose the combined use of rescheduling and bus holding to improve passengers’ excessive waiting times.We model the dynamic rescheduling and bus holding problem as an integer nonlinear program(INLP) and we prove its NP-hardness.Our model considers the constraints of the original timetable e an issue that is usually neglected from most dynamic control methods.Given the NP-hardness of our mathematical program,we introduce a problem-specific heuristic to explore efficiently the solution space.The convergence rate of the proposed heuristic is tested against other solution methods,including simulated annealing with linear cooling,hill climbing and branch and bound with multi-start sequential quadratic programming.In addition,simulations with the use of actual operational data from a major bus operator in Asia Pacific demonstrate an up to 35% potential EWT improvement for a minor increase of 6% to the travel times of onboard passengers.
