Comparison of engineering failures and seismic responses of 500 kV transformer-bushing systems in the 2022 Luding earthquake

Cemented and mechanically clamped types of end fittings(fitting-C and fitting-M)are commonly used in transformer bushings.During the Luding Ms 6.8 earthquake that occurred in China on September 5,2022,all transformer bushings with the two types of end fittings in a 500 kV substation were damaged.Post-earthquake field investigations were conducted,and the failures of the two types of bushings were compared.Two elementary simulation models of the transformer-bushing systems were developed to simulate the engineering failures,and further compute their seismic responses for comparison.The results indicate that the hitch lugs of the connection flange are structurally harmful to seismic resistance.Fitting-M can decrease the bending stiffness of the bushing due to the flexible sealing rubber gasket.Since it provides a more flexible connection that dissipates energy,the peak accelerations and relative displacements at the top of the bushing are significantly lower than those of the bushing with fitting-C.Compared with fitting-C,fitting-M transfers the high-stress areas from the connection flange to the root of the porcelain,so the latter becomes the most vulnerable component.Fitting-M increases the failure risk of the low-strength porcelain,indicating the unsuitability of applying it in high-intensity fortification regions.

Variable-based Ramberg-Osgood constitutive model of power spinning bushing

The influences of power spinning process parameters on the mechanical properties of spinning parts were analyzed with an SXD100/3-CNC numerical control power spinning machine.The unidirectional tensile tests were carried out.Based on the experimental data,a ternary quadratic regression equation was established by orthogonal experiment.The Ramberg-Osgood constitutive model of tin-bronze connecting rod bushing was obtained.Referred to the constitutive relation of macroscopic incremental,the incremental elastoplastic constitutive relation of spinning parts was deduced based on the Mises yield criterion and kinematic hardening model.The results can be applied to the elastoplastic analysis in finite element numerical simulation.

Application of the Finite Element Method in the Glass Fiber Bushing Research

Design and optimization of bushing at present mainly use the traditional experience method.The relevant research that adopts computer simulation to carry on the operation behavior of the bushing has appeared in recent years.How to use the finite element method to research bushing was introduced in the article.Physics fields and many relevant parameters of one real bushing were calculated.Through the results of calculation,it indicate that the finite element method is very useful in bushing research of designing and optimizing.

Study on Heating Uniformity of Pt-Rh Alloy Bushing for Producing Flexible Glass

The numerical simulation for temperature distribution of Pt-Rh alloy bushing was carried out using a thermal-electric module in ANSYS Workbench finite element analysis software.The effects of side wall thickness,plug thickness,the angle of two side walls and electrode structure on the uniformity of temperature distribution were investigated.Meanwhile,the contrastive analysis results of bushing with and without glass melt were discussed.The simulation results show that,when the homogeneous glass melt flows through bushing,the temperature difference between the center and both ends of bushing is decreased significantly,but the temperature distribution at both ends of bushing is still affected by heating non-uniformity of bushing.Compared with side wall thickness,plug thickness and the angle of two side walls,electrode structure plays a greater role in adjusting heating uniformity of bushing.

Platinum/rhodium Alloy Bushing for Drawing Glass Fibers in Centrifugal-spinneret-blow Process

In this paper,glass fibers were prepared by centrifugal-spinneret-blow(CSB) process.The molten glass got different flow rate from 390 kg/h to 270 kg/h by adjusting the electric current of platinum/10 rhodium alloy bushing.The diameter and microstructure of glass fibers have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and vertical optical microscope(VOM).The results indicated that the flow rate of molten glass was proportional to the diameter of glass fibers when the molten glass got main flow rate of 330 kg/h.The lower the flow rate was,the finer the average diameter was.

Design and Range of Application of Slot Bushings with Volumetric Orifice Fields

A design of a slot bushing with a volumetric field has been developed, which allows to produce continuous fibers from melts with difficult processing characteristics in order to produce fibers with better operating characteristics. The operability of the design was confirmed when solving two problems of special technological complexity. 1. 400 and 800 orifice bushings for production of continuous fibers from the basalt melt have been developed and recommended for manufacture. 2. The process of production of continuous fibers from standard glass using 2400 orifice bushing with perforated plates instead of orifice tips without air cooling, has been realized for the first time.

The Investigation of Replacing Ceramic Bushings with Silicon Bushings in the Distribution Transformers

In recent years, the deficiencies of ceramic insulators along with their high maintenance costs have resulted in the replacement of ceramic insulators with silicon type in the pollution area. This idea has been employed for more than two decades in the polluted areas. Humidity of the weather in the south of Iran and the presence of pollutants in the air have made special conditions for construction and maintenance of some equipment including transformer bushings. Usual ceramic bushings, due to their ability in absorbing pollution and the rapid reduction of creepage distance (in a limited time period), have reduced transformer disconnection severely as a result of earth fault. Additionally, they are costly to be washed regularly. Therefore, using intelligent materials in designing bushing can increase the reliability of network and consequently reduction of costs. In this regard, this paper investigates the use of silicon bushings in the distribution systems and proposes operational ideas for the optimal operation of these devices in the polluted areas. The sample bushing was evaluated based on the IEC60137 standard test.

Torsional stiffness modeling and optimization of the rubber torsion bushing for a light tracked vehicle

Taking the rubber torsion bushing of a certain type of all-terrain tracked vehicle as the research object,a theoretical model of torsional stiffness was proposed according to the non-linear characteristics of rubber components and structural feature of the suspension. Simulations were carried out under different working conditions to obtain root mean square of vertical weighted acceleration as the evaluation index for ride performance of the all-terrain tracked vehicle,with a dynamics model of the whole vehicle based on the theoretical model of the torsional stiffness and standard road roughness as excitation input. Response surface method was used to establish the parametric optimization model of the torsional stiffness. The evaluation index showed that ride performance of the vehicle with optimized torsional stiffness model of suspension was improved compared with previous model fromexperiment. The torsional stiffness model of rubber bushing provided a theoretical basis for the design of the rubber torsion bushing in light tracked vehicles.

Optimal Design and Mechanical Simulation of Rubber bushing with Convex Hull Structure Based on Bionics

Inspired by the safe landing of cats falling from high altitudes,a bionic flexible rubber bushing structure is proposed and its motion characteristics are systematically studied to explore its potential application in the suppression of vibration.The convex hull structure on the bushing surface is abstracted from the cat’s claw pad,and the hyper-viscoelastic model is selected as the constitutive model of the rubber material.In addition,the design with the best vibration damping effect is finally obtained by reasonably adjusting the amount of radial compression and distribution of bionic structures.Finally,under the same conditions,the test results of the dynamic characteristics of the bushing verify the accuracy of the simulation results.Research results show that the convex hull bionic structure designed in this paper can effectively change the motion characteristics of the rubber bushing under various working conditions,which provides new inspiration or potential possibility for the design of rubber bushing in the future.

ADAMS软件中绳索类物体的一种建模方法

针对ADAMS软件中绳索类大变形柔性物体直接建模困难的问题 ,提出并分析了Bushing连接模型的建模方法 。

激光陀螺捷联惯导系统IMU结构模态分析

随着机抖激光陀螺捷联惯导系统以其诸多优点在军用与民用导航领域得到广泛的应用,对其体积和重量的要求变得越来越严格。机抖激光捷联惯导系统IMU小型化设计的关键在于减振系统的设计,而减振器仿真模型的建立是该减振系统模态仿真分析的难点。针对这一问题,提出一种通过ANSYS中的"Bushing连接"来模拟减振器的方法,并利用模态实验结果修正其参数,最终建立了一个准确的减振器模型,实现了对捷联惯导IMU振动模态的精确仿真与分析,为其IMU结构的进一步小型化设计奠定了基础。

基于虚拟样机ADAMS的钢丝绳建模及仿真

在ADAMS中没有针对钢丝绳这一类大变形物体直接建模的工具。重点研究了基于ADAMS创建钢丝绳模型的理论,并分析了用Bushing轴套力和Contact接触力建立模型的方法,为在ADAMS软件中创建钢丝绳模型及仿真分析提供了理论依据。

高层建筑消防飞行机器人结构稳定性

介绍高层建筑消防飞行机器人结构设计,主要包括六翼飞行器、消防装置、辅助设备。介绍机器人的结构组成及各部分的功能特性。对机器人进行受力分析,研究其自身结构的稳定性。分析机器人受外力作用时的平衡性、抗侧风性能,分析牵引绳、转速、涵道风扇对其平衡性的影响。在ADAMS环境下借助bushing模型对牵引绳的牵引性能进行仿真分析。

海底天然气渗漏系统水合物成藏动力学及其资源评价方法

根据海底天然气渗漏系统沉淀水合物的动力学模型,计算了海底渗漏系统中渗漏天然气沉淀为水合物的比例。如果BushHill渗漏系统海底水合物或喷溢天然气的化学组成是渗漏系统气源天然气通过沉淀水合物转变而成,则需要约3. 3% ~21. 7% (平均12. 9% )的渗漏天然气在海底沉淀为水合物。结合渗漏系统的活动时间(1万年)和天然气流量(800t/a),沉淀在墨西哥湾GC185区BushHill渗漏系统中的水合物天然气资源为0. 37×109 ~2. 43×109 m3,平均为1. 45×109 m3,与体积和含量评价方法获得的结果基本一致。

红胁蓝尾鸲(Tarsiger cyanurus)在中国东北部帽儿山地区的迁徙中途停歇生态(英文)

中国迁徙鸣禽类的保护面对着与世界其他地区如欧洲和北美洲鸟类保护相似的挑战。迁徙鸣禽类具有复杂生活周期和很大的空间关联。迁徙过程中发生的事件对迁徙鸣禽类种群动态具有决定作用。对于鸣禽类迁徙中途停歇期的生态,比如停歇期的长短,能量的积累,生境的利用等,了解还非常有限。在中国东北部的一个鸟类迁徙停歇地对红胁蓝尾鸲(Tarsigercyanurus)的中途停歇生态包括迁徙时间、停歇时间、能量状态和性比进行了研究。2002年秋和2003年春分别捕获了1751只和684只红胁蓝尾鸲。红胁蓝尾鸲的体重在秋季迁徙时要比在春季迁徙时重。春季雌性红胁蓝尾鸲停歇时的能量状态指数最低;而秋季的红胁蓝尾鸲比春季的红胁蓝尾鸲停歇时间更长。无论季节和性别,红胁蓝尾鸲的能量状态指数和第1次捕获的时间早晚成正相关,间接证明红胁蓝尾鸲在停歇期间能够比较快地积累能量。秋季雄性红胁蓝尾鸲日体重净增率最大。估测秋季停歇期的每日能量净增能维持红胁蓝尾鸲雌性0.6h和雄性3.1h的飞行。红胁蓝尾鸲的中途停歇生态与北美和欧洲一些迁徙鸣禽类很相似。比如,春季迁徙过境的时间和脂肪积累的变化与自然选择对雄性的要求:当食物和气候适宜时尽快到达繁殖地的假设是一致的。对迁徙中途的停歇生态研究有利于更好地了解鸟类的迁徙行为和更有效地保护迁徙鸣禽类。

着陆器软着陆机构的动力学分析

以某型号着陆器软着陆机构为研究对象,采用MSC.Patran/Nastran对软着陆机构进行模态分析,得到结构模态的主要影响因素,主要包括机构尺寸和装配连接方式.主要分析了软着陆机构中主支柱、辅助支柱活塞杆和活塞筒壁厚、以及活塞筒端盖厚度对模态频率的影响,并对主支柱、辅助支柱活塞杆和活塞筒装配连接方式进行研究,接着提出一种基于Bush单元的装配连接方式,有效地解决了传统方法中用MPC(Multiple Point Constraint)刚性连接来模拟装配连接的不足,使仿真结果更加准确.最后对收拢状态下的模型进行了频率响应分析,结果发现在给定的频率范围内结构不会发生共振,进一步说明结构设计的合理性.

Bush型函数的分形维数及其奇异性

本文给出了一类无处可微的连续函数──Ｂｕｓｈ型函数的Ｂｏｘ维数的精确值及其Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆｆ维数的下界估计值，同时讨论了Ｂｕｓｈ型函数的奇异性特征．

刚柔耦合的涡旋压缩机转子系统的动力学分析

以涡旋压缩机转子系统为研究对象,采用Bushing连接模拟轴承,运用Ansys Workbench软件建立了考虑轴承刚度、小轴和动涡旋盘柔性的涡旋压缩机转子系统的刚柔耦合模型,进行了刚柔耦合动力学分析,得到了实际工况和理想工况时运动副反力,以及实际工况时小轴和动涡旋盘的应力、应变情况。仿真结果表明:实际工况时滚针轴承不承担动涡旋盘的倾覆力矩,倾覆力矩由3对7001轴承来承担,并造成轴向气体力分配不均匀,使2号7001轴承受力过大;小轴、动涡旋盘的强度和刚度符合设计要求。研究结果为涡旋压缩机结构设计和优化提供了理论指导。

一种新的Bush型分形曲面及其维数

在 Bush型分形曲线的基础上 ,首先构造了一种分形曲面 ,然后研究这种曲面的分形维数及光滑性。得到了曲面的 Box维数 ,Packing维数的计算公式以及 Hausdorff维数的下界估计式。

用Bush型函数构造分形纹理图

给出一类以Bush型函数构造分形纹理图的方法。用hx方法构造的纹理图可以事先确定其精确的Box－counting维数和Packing维数等分形量，因而可广泛应用于图像分析和图像处理中。