3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸甲酯合成技术优化研究

研究了2,6-二叔丁基苯酚和丙烯酸甲酯的Michael加成反应机理。考察了不同催化剂配比对该反应体系的影响,确定较优的催化剂配比为KOH与NaOH物质的量比为4,n(M^(+))/n(酚)=3%。在该催化剂配比下,对原料配比、滴加速率、反应压力、反应温度、反应时间等工艺参数进行了系统的研究,得出3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸甲酯的最优合成工艺参数。该结果可用于指导实际生产中的操作优化。

Synthesis and physico-chemical properties of new green electrolyte 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium perchlorate

1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium perchlorate([BMIM]ClO4) was synthesized by two steps with N-methylimidazolium.Some physico-chemical properties,such as density,surface tension,viscosity,electrical conductivity as well as electrochemical window,were investigated and solvent performance was also studied.The results show that this kind of ionic liquid is an excellent electrolyte with low viscosity,high electrical conductivity and wide electrochemical window.In addition,[BMIM]ClO4 is soluble in most conventional solvents and some metal oxides have high solubility in it,which lays the foundation of direct electrolysis of metal oxides in this ionic liquid.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of N-tert-butyl-N′-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-N- [1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1, 4-dihydro-6-methylpyridazine-4-oxo-3-carbonyl] hydrazine

The title compound N-tert-butyl-N(-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-N-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)- 1,4-dihydro-6-methylpyridazine-4-oxo-3-carbonyl]hydrazine [(C23H_21N4O3Cl3)2·1.5H_2O, Mr = 1042.60] was prepared by the reaction of 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6- methylpyridazine-3-carboxylic acid with chloroformate ethyl ester, then with N′-tert-butyl-N- (2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) hydrazine in the present of triethylamine. The crystal structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to Monoclinic, space group P21/c, with unit cell constants a =11.4948(9), b=12.7495(10), c=35.854(3) ?, β =92.964(2)°, Z=4, V=5247.6(7) ?3, Dc = 1.320 Mg/m3, F(000) = 2156 , μ (MoKa)= 0.385, R = 0.0661, wR = 0.1875, for 9151 observed reflections( I >2σ(I)). The structure is a dimer linked by intermolecular hydrogen bond which can be observed between N(1)- H...O(6), N(5)- H...O(3). The distances are 2.068 and 2.027? respectively.

Oxidation of 2,2'-Dihydroxy-3,3'-di-tert-buty-5,5'-dimethoxyl-biphenyl to 3,3'-Di-tert-butylbiphenyl-2,5,2',5'-diquinone with Copper(Ⅱ)Chloride as Catalyst:Synthesis,Structure and Spectral Properties of Diquinone

Use of free air as oxidant and copper（II）chloride as catalyst,3,3＇-di-tert-butylbi-phenyl-2,5,2＇,5＇-diquinone（BBDQ）was prepared via catalytic oxidation of 2,2＇-dihydroxy-3,3＇-di-tert-butyl-5,5＇-dimethoxy-biphenyl（di-BHA）.The yield of reaction attained 95% and the selectivity for BBDQ was 100%.The single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the dihedral angle between two rings（benzene rings for di-BHA and quinone rings for BBDQ）changes from 89.8 to 45.3o,indicating the steric hindrance effects of methyl disappear in the oxidation process.The crystal structures of di-BHA and BBDQ are further confirmed by their spectral characterizations.The probable mechanism for this oxidation process is also discussed.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antitumor Activity of 4-(tert-butyl)-5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N-(2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodinebenzyl)-thiazol-2-amine

The title compound, 4-（tert-butyl）-5-（1 H- 1,2,4-triazol- 1 -yl）-N-（2-hydroxy-3,5-diio- dinebenzyl）thiazol-2-amine, was synthesized via the reduction of 4-（tert-butyl）-5-（1H-l,2,4- triazol-l-yl）-N-benzylidene-thiazol-2-amine with NaBH4, and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 7.91944（19）, b = 10.5250（3）, c = 24.4985（6） A, Z = 4, V = 2041.66（9） A3, Mr = 599.22, Dc = 1,949 Mg/m3, S = 1.120, p = 3.203 mm-1, F（000） = 1152, the final R = 0.0283 and wR = 0.0592 for 3490 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. X-ray analysis displays that the crystal water takes part in three intermolecular hydrogen bonds of O（2）-H（2A）…O（1）, O（2）-H（2B）…N（I） and N（5）-H（5）…O（2）, and an octatomic ring R^（8） is formed via intramolecular hydrogen bond of O（I）-H（IA）…N（4）. Furthermore, the I…I contacts are involved in stabilizing the overall three-dimensional network structure. The preliminary biological test shows the title compound has good antitumor activity with the IC50 value of 26 μM against the Hela cell line.

Isobaric Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium for tert-Butyl Alcohol + Water + Propane-1,3-Diol + 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride at 101.3 kPa

In this study, we used a mixture of organic liquid propane-1,3-diol and ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([emim]Cl) as the entrainer to separate tert-butyl alcohol(TBA) + water. We measured the isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium(VLE) for the quaternary system TBA + water + propane-1,3-diol + [emim]Cl at 101.3 kPa, and found the VLE data to be well correlated with the nonrandom two-liquid model. These results show that the mixed solvent of propane-1,3-diol + [emim]Cl can increase the relative volatility of TBA to water and break the azeotropic point. We found no notable synergetic effect between them, and observed that the liquid mixed solvent of propane-1,3-diol and [emim]Cl had lower viscosity than [emim]Cl, which makes it a promising entrainer for separating the TBA + water azeotrope in industrial applications.

DFT Studies on the Isomerization of Butene Double Bond Catalyzed by 1-Butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium in Ionic Liquid

The geometries of reactant, product and transition state of the title reaction have been optimized by using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) and B3LYP/6- 311++G(d,p) levels. The variations of the bond parameters in the course of reaction were analyzed. The zero point energy corrections were performed by vibrational analysis. The equilibrium states and the transition state were verified according to the number of virtue frequency of geometry. The intrinsic reaction coordinates (IRC) were calculated from the transition state. The calculated results show that the double bond rearrangement of butene catalyzed by 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium cation is a one-step reaction. The forward energy barrier of isomerization from 1-butene to 2- butene is about 193 kJ·mol-1 and the reverse energy barrier about 209 kJ·mol-1 at the B3LYP/6- 31G(d,p) level, which means that the reaction is easy to proceed at or above room temperature.

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly [2,2-( m-phenylene) -5,5-bibenzimidazole] in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride

Poly[2,2-(m-phenylene)-5,5-bibenzimidazole](mPBI)were synthesized by mixing 3,3',4,4'-tetraaminobiphenyl and isophthalic acid in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([BMIM]Cl).Intrinsic viscosity of mPBI polymers was 0.67 dL/g which was measured in 96%sulfuric acid.The polymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),nuclear magnetic resonance(1H-NMR),and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA).The effects of polymerization conditions on the intrinsic viscosity of mPBI were investigated.It showed that the molecular weight of polymer mainly depended on pre-reaction time and reaction temperature.Comparison of structure and properties of mPBI synthesized in ionic liquids(ILs)and polyphosphoric acid was also reported.It indicates that the ionic liquids are a kind of good solvents in synthesis process of mPBI and ionic liquids mainly affect molecular weight of mPBI.

Synthesis and characterization ofα-butyl-ω-{3-[(2,2-dihydroxymethyl)-propionyloxy]}propylpolydimethylsiloxanes

A series of polydimethylsiloxanes containing two primary hydroxyl groups at one single chain end were synthesized by five-step reactions which included esterification, hydroxyl protection, anionic ring-opening polymerization, hydrosilylation and deprotection. The prepared compounds in each step were characterized. The results showed that each step synthesis was successfully carded out and objective products could be achieved.

Effect of Temperature on the Reaction of 2-(N-acetylamine)-3-(3,5-di-<i>tert</i>-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic Acid with Oxygen in an Alkaline Condition

Results of oxidation 2-(N-acetylamine)-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid oxygen depend on temperature. At 55℃?- 60℃, 2,4-di-tert-butylbicyclo(4,3,1)deca-4,6-dien-8-(N-acetylamine)-3,9-dion-1-oxa is formed. The constitution is based on dates of spectrums 1Н and 13С NMR. At 95℃?- 97℃, mixtures of 2,4-di-tert-butylbicyclo(4,3,1)deca-4,6-dien-8-(N-acetylamine)-3,9-dion-1-oxa and of 6,8-di-tert-butyl-3-(N-acetylamine)spiro(4,5)deca-1-oxa-5,8-dien-2,7-dione are produced. Structures are calculated by the method of Hartrii-Foka. Values of enthalpies and of entropies allow to assume dynamic isomerism.

室温离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐的合成研究

由1-甲基咪唑和溴代正丁烷合成了中间体溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑,讨论了温度和反应自身放热对此步反应的影响。中间体再经过阴离子交换,得到了标题化合物,收率为92%。产物的结构经IR和1HNMR确认。

离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二丁酯的制备与应用

以磷酸三丁酯和N-甲基咪唑为原料,一步合成出了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二丁酯盐。该产品为一种新型的水溶性离子液体,浅棕色,其在25℃下的黏度和密度分别为3.45×10-3Pa.s和1.045 kg/m3。经电喷雾质谱测定其阴阳离子分别为磷酸二丁酯[(BuO)2P(O)O]-和1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑。由于空间位阻的影响,无论磷酸三丁酯和N-甲基咪唑的摩尔比如何,其产物中只有磷酸二丁酯阴离子,因此产物纯度高,易分离。实验表明,该离子液体对汽油中的3-甲基噻吩和二苯并噻吩具有良好的萃取效果,可望用于汽柴油的脱硫过程。

1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体合成

按照两步法合成了离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([Bmim]PF6),探讨了时间、温度、溶剂、反应物配比等对中间体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐([Bmim]Br)以及离子液体[Bmim]PF6产率的影响。结果表明,反应物配比为(1∶1.1)^(1∶2),温度70℃,反应30 h,中间体产率为95.91%;中间体中加入等摩尔KPF6,25℃下反应10 h后,离子液体产率为97.26%。

1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷钨酸盐的制备及其对酯化反应的催化性能

以溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑盐([bmim]Br)和磷钨酸(H3PW12O40)为原料制备了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷钨酸盐([bmim]3PW12O40)催化剂,并用傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析-差示扫描量热法、正丁胺电位滴定及元素分析等技术对催化剂进行了表征,考察了催化剂对乙醇与乙酸酯化合成乙酸乙酯反应的催化活性.结果表明,[bmim]3PW12O40中有3个结晶水,并保持有H3PW12O40的Keggin结构和酸强度,[bmim]3PW12O40的酸量明显少于H3PW12O40的酸量.在乙醇与乙酸酯化合成乙酸乙酯反应中,[bmim]3PW12O40催化剂具有较高的催化活性和较好的重复使用性能.

1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐的合成研究

以溴代正丁烷和N-甲基咪唑为原料合成了中间体溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑,以中间体与NaBF4进行复分解反应制备了离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐.探讨了溶剂、原料摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间对中间体和离子液体产率的影响,确定了最佳合成条件.在此工艺条件下,离子液体的产率可达92%以上.

1-正丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴化物离子液体TGA-FTIR研究

利用TGA-FTIR技术,研究了空气及氮气气氛下1-正丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴化物的热性能.结果表明,在不同的气氛下,在离子液体的沸点附近,存在一定的蒸汽压,随着温度的升高,1-正丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴化物主要以蒸气的形式汽化.在离子液体汽化过程中,未观察到离子液体发生明显的分解现象.在受热过程中,离子液体可能发生碳化作用,在空气气氛中,离子液体可能发生氧化作用,并且,离子液体的碳化速率与氧化速率基本接近.随着温度的升高,离子液体的氧化及碳化产物被进一步深度氧化.

固体超强酸催化剂SO_4^(2-)/TiO_2-WO_3的制备及其催化性能研究

制备了固体超强酸催化剂SO2 -4/TiO2 WO3 ,并以丁酸丁酯的合成作为探针反应 ,系统考察了WO3 的含量、硫酸浸渍浓度、焙烧温度等制备条件对SO2 -4/TiO2 WO3 催化活性的影响 .实验表明 :制备催化剂的适宜条件为m(H2 WO4) =12 5 % ,硫酸浸渍浓度为 1 0mol·L-1,焙烧温度为 5 80℃ ,活化时间 3h .利用优化条件下制备的催化剂SO2 -4/TiO2 WO3 催化合成缩醛 (酮 ) ,在醛 /酮与二元醇 (乙二醇 ,1,2 丙二醇 )的投料摩尔比为 1∶1 5 ,催化剂的用量占反应物总投料质量的 0 5 % ,反应时间为 1h条件下 ,2 甲基 2 乙氧羰甲基 1,3 二氧环戊烷的收率为 78 7% ,2 ,4 二甲基 2 乙氧羰甲基 1,3 二氧环戊烷的收率为 83 0 % ,环己酮 -乙二醇缩酮的收率为 85 9% ,环己酮 1,2 丙二醇缩酮的收率为 84 6% ,丁酮 -乙二醇缩酮的收率为70 7% ,丁酮 1,2 丙二醇缩酮的收率为 88 3 % ,2 丙基 1,3 二氧环戊烷的收率为 80 6% ,4 甲基 2 丙基 1,3 二氧环戊烷的收率为 79 6% ,2 异丙基 1,3 二氧环戊烷的收率为 64 2 % ,4 甲基 2 异丙基 1,3 二氧环戊烷的收率为 83 3 % ,2 苯基 1,3 二氧环戊烷的收率为 75 3 % ,4 甲基 2 苯基 1,3 二氧环戊烷的收率为 95 1% .

微波法合成离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐的研究

由1-甲基咪唑和溴代正丁烷通过微波法合成了中间体溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑,考察了微波功率和反应时间对此步反应产率的影响。中间体经阴离子交换,得到标题化合物。产物的结构和纯度通过IR1、HNMR和离子选择电极表征。

AlCl_3-BMIC离子液体的电导率

研究AlCl3-BMIC(氯化-1-甲基-3-丁基咪唑)离子液体电导率与温度、组分之间的关系。结果表明:当离子液体中AlCl3的摩尔分数x(AlCl3)<0.667时,离子液体的电导率随着x(AlCl3)的增加而增大;但在0.667<x(AlCl3)<0.692区域内,x(AlCl3)对电导率影响不大;随着温度的升高,AlCl3-BMIC离子液体的电导率增大,电导率κ与温度t的关系符合Kohlraush经验公式;在x(AlCl3)<0.5的路易斯碱性区域,温度系数α、β均随着x(AlCl3)的增大而减小;而在x(AlCl3)>0.5的路易斯酸性区域,x(AlCl3)对温度系数α、β的影响均不明显。