Ethnobotany and diversity of medicinal plants used by the Buyi in eastern Yunnan, China

The Buyi are a socio-linguistic group in Yunnan Province of southwest China that have a long history of using medicinal plants as part of their indigenous medical system.Given the limited written documentation of the Buyi indigenous medical system,the objective of this paper is to document the medicinal plants of the Buyi and associated traditional knowledge and transmission.Field research was conducted in four villages in Lubuge Township of Luoping County in Yunnan Province using ethnobotanical methodologies including participatory observation,semi-structured interviews,key informant interviews,and focus group discussions to elicit information on medicinal plants.In total,120 informants(including 15 key informants who are healers)were interviewed.This study found that a total of 121 medicinal plant species belonging to 64 families are used by the Buyi including by local healers to treat different diseases.Among the medicinal plants recorded in this study,56 species(46%)have not previously been documented in the scientific literature as having medicinal value,highlighting the pressing need for ethnobotanical documentation in indigenous communities.The most frequently used medicinal part was the leaf(24.9%of documented plants),and the most common preparation method was decoction(62.8%of medicinal).Medicinal plants were mainly used to treat rheumatism(12.4%of plants),trauma and injuries(9.6%).The documented plants are also used for other non-medicinal purposes including food,fodder,fencing,and ornamental.In addition,35 of the medicinal plants are considered poisonous and are used by local Buyi healers for medicine.The traditional Buyi beliefs and practices associated with the documented medicinal plants likely contributes to their conservation in the environments and around Buyi communities.This study further highlights that ethnomedicinal knowledge of the Buyi is at risk of disappearing due to increased introduction and use of modern medicine in Buyi communities,livelihood changes,rapid modernization,and urbanization.Research,policy,and community programs are urgently needed to conserve the biocultural diversity associated with the Buyi medical system including ethnobotanical knowledge towards supporting both environmental and human wellbeing.

Effect of Qingre Buyi Decoction (清热补益汤) on Nitric Oxide and Histomorphology of Intestinal Mucosa in Rats with Radiation Enteritis

Objective: To explore the mechanism of Qingre Buyi Decoction (清热补益汤,QBD) in prevention and treatment of radiation enteritis in rats. Methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, the TCM group, the WM group, the model group and the control group, 12 in each group. Rats in the former three groups were given orally with QBD, norfloxacin and normal saline once a day for 7 successive days, after being irradiated with X-ray at single dose of 10 Gy for modeling of radiation enteritis, while rats in the control group were untreated. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the medication. NO concentration, mean height and number of villi per centimeter in their small intestinal mu-cosa were measured. Results: The intestinal NO concentration was significantly lower in the TCM and WM groups than that in the model group(P<0.05), while the number of villi was significantly more and the height higher in the former two groups than those in the model group (P<0.01 for both), but no significant difference was shown between the TCM group and the WM group. Conclusion: QBD could inhibit the production of NO, increase the number and height of intestinal villi in rats with radiation enteritis, suggesting that it could reduce the inflammatory reaction of intestinal mucosa to irradiation, protect muco-sa from radiation damage, and promote the regeneration of mucosa.

Tourism Development Idea of Yaogu Buyi Village in Guizhou Maolan Biosphere Reserve in China

After the survey of tourist resources of Yaogu Buyi Village in Maolan Biosphere Reserve,it has found that this village has abundant tourist resources and beautiful natural environment,and villagers have a strong desire to acquire wealth through tourism development.At the same time,the paper has pointed out that buildings in the village have been seriously destroyed,its environment is poor and it is lack of villagers for cultural inheritance.On this basis,it has proposed the general positioning of Yaogu national village development,and the idea and layout for tourist products' development.By depending on the natural scenery of Maolan Biosphere Reserve,with "ancient Buyi,the source of folk custom" as the theme and "one corridor and four zones" as the general layout,national cultural tourist products' development can be achieved through the integration of village's protection,cultural inheritance and economic development.

Tourism Activation of Ethnic Cultural Heritage:A Case Study of Buyi Ethnic Minorities in Guizhou Province

Two typical traditional villages of Buyi Minority were selected as specific cases to explore tourism revitalization of cultural heritage,namely Yinzhai Village in Guiding County and Ancient Nanlong Village in Xingyi City from Guizhou Province.The 2 villages adopted different modes in tourism development,thus tourism revitalization of their Buyi cultural heritage showed differentiated results,this paper compared the 2 cases to explore the options and impacts of different tourism revitalization modes for the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities.

“Buyi Ganshen”,a traditional Chinese medicine treatment,combined with dopa preparation for Parkinson’s disease therapy:a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Traditional Chinese medicine Buyi Ganshen therapy combined with dopa preparation in the therapy of Parkinson’s disease could enhance the clinical safety and efficacy compared with dopa preparation along.The exact mechanism of how Buyi Ganshen works combined with dopa preparation still unknown and the enrolled articles quality was relatively inadequate,yet it could provide the reference in the clinical application and further studies.Background:To research the influence of“Buyi Ganshen”,a traditional Chinese medicine that commonly used in“Tonifying the Liver and the Kidney”,added dopa preparation for the therapy of Parkinson’s disease.Methods:This meta-analysis examined existing literature by searching 7 electronic databases(CNKI,WanFang,EMBASE,PubMed,Medline,the Cochrane Library,and the VIP database)from inception to December 2019.Randomized controlled trials evaluating the influence of“Buyi Ganshen”combined with dopa preparation for Parkinson’s disease were identified.The main results were clinical efficacy,UPDRS I(mental score),total unified Parkinson’s disease ratingscale score,UPDRS III(motor score),UPDRS II(activities of daily life),and UPDRS IV(complications of treatment).The subordinate results were the SPOCA-AUT scores,traditional Chinese medicine syndromes and other adverse reactions.The Review Manager 5.3 software was used to calculate the pooled estimate effect.The outcomes were showed as relative ratio with 95%confidence interval.The fixed or random model was elected based on the level of homogeneity among researches.The I2 was used to detected heterogeneity.The quality of the researches was also assessed.Results:The meta-analysis include 2,241 individuals from a total of 30 studies.These data suggested that the therapy of Parkinson’s disease with the combination of“Buyi Ganshen”and dopa preparation were more effective compared to dopa preparation alone.Conclusion:“Buyi Ganshen”combined with dopa preparation exists,in some degree,to enhance clinical safety and effectiveness in the cure of Parkinson’s disease,compared with dopa preparation along.As most of the studies included were with low quality,this conclusion must be considered with caution.Thus,more multi-center,high-quality,prospective randomized controlled trials with large enough sample sizes are required to further illuminate the influence of“Buyi Ganshen”combined with dopa preparation for Parkinson’s disease.

Effects of Buyi prescription combined with immunotherapy on PD-1/PD-L1 expression in peripheral blood T cells of patients with autoimmune hepatitis

Objective:To study the effect of Buyi prescription combined with immunotherapy on PD-1/PD-L1 expression in peripheral blood T cells in patients with autoimmune hepatitis.Methods:56 patients with autoimmune hepatitis who were treated in our hospital between May 2014 and December 2016 were randomly divided into two groups with 28 patients in each group. The control group received prednisone combined with azathioprine for routine immunotherapy, and the observation group received Buyi prescription combined with prednisone and azathioprine therapy. 12 weeks after treatment, the serum was collected to determine the levels of liver damage marker molecules, liver fibrosis marker molecules and T cell-related cytokines, and the peripheral blood was collected to determine the PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in CD4+T cells. Results:12 weeks after treatment, fluorescence intensity of CD4+PD-1+ and CD4+PD-L1+T cells in the peripheral blood of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group;serum ALT,γ-GT, PC-III, C-IV, IFN-γ and IL-17 levels were significantly lower than those of the control group while IL-4 and IL-10 levels were significantly higher than those of the control group.Conclusion:Buyi prescription combined with immunotherapy can reduce the expression of PD-1/PD-L1, adjust the CD4+T cell function, reduce the liver damage, inhibit the liver fibrosis and treat AIH effectively.

Medications and medical care of the Buyi ethnicity in Buyimojingbooks:an investigation on its philosophical origin

Studies on various Buyimojingbooks of the minority group“Buyi”in China,combined with information collected through visits to Buyi doctors,revealed that six ideas mainly comprised Buyi treatment and therapeutic principles,i.e.,inviting,expelling,liberating,supplementing,transporting,and recovering.Based on these ideas,the medical philosophy and laws of medication use were investigated to reveal and sort out Buyi therapeutic and pharmaceutical systems to achieve the goal of inheriting and further developing Buyi culture of medicine.

构造演化对苏南卜弋矿区煤层赋存的控制

卜弋矿区是苏南煤田的主要赋煤地带,自加里东构造运动以来,该区经受了多次构造活动。矿区构造特征及区域构造演化都极为复杂,通过对矿区及区域地质资料进行系统分析和野外实际调查的基础上,以区域构造演化为主线,从动态的、历史的角度分析,深入探讨了该区区域构造演化、矿区构造特征,以及其对煤层赋存的控制作用。研究结果表明,区域构造演化和矿区构造对煤层赋存的控制作用显著,主要表现在煤层分布、埋深、煤体结构和含煤性等四个方面。

论布依族文献古籍的发掘整理与研究

布依族文献古籍的发掘整理始于20世纪50年代,80年代初以后,布依族古籍整理工作有了较大的进展,散落在民间的古籍珍品陆续被发现,并得到整理翻译,90年代以后,《古谢经》、《安王和祖王》等一些较有影响的布依族古籍先后出版。布依族文献古籍的理论研究也于20世纪80年代开始起步,并逐渐得到完善和提高。

Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants from the Dragon Boat Festival herbal markets of Qianxinan, southwestern Guizhou, China

Dragon Boat Festival herbal markets in the Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of southwestern Guizhou have a long well-conserved history.These markets,which are a feature of Buyi and Miao traditional medicines,contain a rich diversity of medicinal plants and traditional medical knowledge.Today,people in southwestern Guizhou still believe that using herbs during the Dragon Boat Festival prevents and can treat disease.In this study,we identified the fresh herbal plants sold at the herbal markets of Xingren City and Zhenfeng County in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and quantified their importance.We identified 141 plant species(belonging to 114 genera and 61 families).The plant family with the most species was Asteraceae(14 species).Informants reported that most medicinal plants are herbaceous,with 95.7%of plants used for decoction and 30.5%used for medicinal baths.Medicinal plants are most commonly used to treat rheumatism,injury,and abdominal diseases.The utilization frequency index and relative importance values indicated that Artemisia argyi and Acorus calamus are the most important plants sold at herbal markets during the Dragon Boat Festival.The price of medicinal materials sold in the market may serve as an indicator of the conservation status of species in the region.These findings indicate that the Dragon Boat Festival herbal markets in the Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture fully embodies the characteristics of indigenous ethnomedicine and culture,and also exhibits the diversity of plant resources.We recommend that rare and endangered plants in this region be domesticated and protected.

Safety and Efficacy of Qingre Buyi Decoction(清热补益煎剂)in the Treatment of Acute Radiation Proctitis:A Prospective,Randomized and Controlled Trial

Objective:To investigate the efficiency,safety,and possible mechanisms of Qingre Buyi Decoction(清热补益煎剂,QBD)in the treatment of acute radiation proctitis(ARP).Methods:This study was a single center,prospective,single blind,randomized,and placebo-controlled clinical trial.A total of 60 patients with ARP was equally and randomly distributed into the control group(conventional treatment)and the combination group(conventional treatment plus QBD).The changes of main Chinese medicine clinical symptoms and signs,in...