Tensile Structures of Cables Net, Guidelines to Design and Applications

The structural engineering design of not conventional typologies imposes a complex path that begins evaluating procedures of a preliminary design and ends with complex procedures to validate the analysis response. Any guide lines to follow are often available. About complex shapes, in particular, any details are presented in the codes to evaluate wind action and so wind tunnel experiments are necessary to valuate this. The evaluation of wind tunnel data is a complex process that often needs new and specific subroutines programmed by researchers. The difficult increases when the objective is to study a not specific building but general aspects as for examples the dependence of a generic phenomenon by a geometric sample;in this case it is necessary to design and to program numerical subroutines before and then the wind tunnel experiments. Often, these subroutines are left detached and are non-generalizable process. Purpose of this paper is to describe a complete procedure to pre- and post-process wind tunnel data with the objective to design a not convectional structure as a tensile structure. In this particular case the research aim is a parametrization of the aerodynamic behavior of Hyperbolic Paraboloid roofs, shape used for cables net. The reason of the experiments is the absence in the international codes of the pressure coefficients for these geometries. The paper describes the numerical procedure evaluated to choose a sufficient representative geometric sample, the numerical procedure evaluated to design and to construct the wind tunnel models and FE models, the numerical procedure to evaluate and to use for FEM analyses of the wind tunnel data, the numerical procedure to calculate nonlinear structural analysis, and, finally some applications. All these numerical procedures use basic theory derived for example by the cable theory, the fluid mechanic, the nonlinear geometric analysis and other. However specific codes were necessary and were programmed to apply the theories on the specific case of study;the complete methodology followed is presented. The goal is to create a free open domain where the numerical procedures evaluated are merged, added, modified by researchers with the aim to obtain a common space of use for wind engineering of not conventional structure.

以减轻重量为目标的索网桁架式可展开太空天线结构的优化设计

针对索网桁架式可展开天线的结构特点和性能要求,对其结构初始设计进行了优化研究。选取天线的桁架单元壁厚和索单元半径为设计变量,并对不同类型的设计变量进行了合理的归并,继而以结构重量为优化目标,以表面精度和基频为约束条件,建立了优化设计数学模型。考虑到索网结构有限元分析给计算带来的非线性和复杂性,使用序列二次规划法对模型求解,并给出了相关动力特性的敏度分析。通过算例分析可知,采用上述优化计算方法可以在保证天线工作性能的前提下有效地降低结构的重量,同时由优化迭代过程中约束函数值的变化情况可知,在一定范围内减小桁架单元壁厚和增大索单元半径,可以有效地提高天线表面精度和改善结构动力性能。