AIM： To study the main environmental and lifestyle factors that account for the regional differences in esophageal cancer （EC） risk in low- and high-risk areas of Jiangsu Province, China. METHODS： Since 2003, a po...AIM： To study the main environmental and lifestyle factors that account for the regional differences in esophageal cancer （EC） risk in low- and high-risk areas of Jiangsu Province, China. METHODS： Since 2003, a population-based casecontrol study has been conducted simultaneously in lowrisk （Ganyu County） and high-risk （Dafeng County） areas of Jiangsu Province, China. Using identical protocols and pre-tested standardized questionnaire, following written informed consent, eligible subjects were inquired about their detail information on potential determinants of EC, including demographic information, socio-economic status, living conditions, disease history, family cancer history, smoking, alcohol drinking, dietary habits, frequency, amount of food intake, etc. Conditional logistic regression with maximum likelihood estimation was used to obtain Odds ratio （OR） and 95 % confidence interval （95% CI）, after adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS： In the preliminary analysis of the ongoing study, we recruited 291 pairs of cases and controls in Dafeng and 240 pairs of cases and controls in Ganyu, respectively. In both low-risk and high-risk areas, EC was inversely associated with socio-economic status, such as level of education, past economic status and body mass index. However, this disease was more frequent among those who had a family history of cancer or encountered misfortune in the past 10 years. EC was also more frequent among smokers, alcohol drinkers and fast eaters. Furthermore, there was a geographic variation of the associations between smoking, alcohol drinking and EC risk despite the similar prevalence of these risk factors in both low-risk and high-risk areas. The dose-response relationship of smoking and smoking related variables, such as age of the first smoking, duration and amount were apparent only in high-risk areas. On the contrary, a dose-response relationship on the effect of alcohol drinking on EC was observed only in low-risk areas. CONCLUSION： The environmental risk factors, together with genetic factors and gene-environmental interactions might be the main reason for this high-risk gradient in .liangsu Province, China.展开更多
Recent studies showed that inflammation is a critical cause for initiation and/or development of many cancers. In prostate cancer(PC), the inflammatory cells usually populate an immune-competent organ. This inflammato...Recent studies showed that inflammation is a critical cause for initiation and/or development of many cancers. In prostate cancer(PC), the inflammatory cells usually populate an immune-competent organ. This inflammatory organ can be involved in the initiation and progression of PC. Here, we mainly focus on the role of inflammation in the PC and progression of castration-resistant PC(CRPC). Moreover, we summarize the roles of inflammation factors(such as chemokines and cytokines) in PC and CRPC. Taken together, this review gives an insight into therapy for PC and CRPC through anti-inflammation.展开更多
基金Supported by Jiangsu Provincial Health Department No. RC 2003090
文摘AIM： To study the main environmental and lifestyle factors that account for the regional differences in esophageal cancer （EC） risk in low- and high-risk areas of Jiangsu Province, China. METHODS： Since 2003, a population-based casecontrol study has been conducted simultaneously in lowrisk （Ganyu County） and high-risk （Dafeng County） areas of Jiangsu Province, China. Using identical protocols and pre-tested standardized questionnaire, following written informed consent, eligible subjects were inquired about their detail information on potential determinants of EC, including demographic information, socio-economic status, living conditions, disease history, family cancer history, smoking, alcohol drinking, dietary habits, frequency, amount of food intake, etc. Conditional logistic regression with maximum likelihood estimation was used to obtain Odds ratio （OR） and 95 % confidence interval （95% CI）, after adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS： In the preliminary analysis of the ongoing study, we recruited 291 pairs of cases and controls in Dafeng and 240 pairs of cases and controls in Ganyu, respectively. In both low-risk and high-risk areas, EC was inversely associated with socio-economic status, such as level of education, past economic status and body mass index. However, this disease was more frequent among those who had a family history of cancer or encountered misfortune in the past 10 years. EC was also more frequent among smokers, alcohol drinkers and fast eaters. Furthermore, there was a geographic variation of the associations between smoking, alcohol drinking and EC risk despite the similar prevalence of these risk factors in both low-risk and high-risk areas. The dose-response relationship of smoking and smoking related variables, such as age of the first smoking, duration and amount were apparent only in high-risk areas. On the contrary, a dose-response relationship on the effect of alcohol drinking on EC was observed only in low-risk areas. CONCLUSION： The environmental risk factors, together with genetic factors and gene-environmental interactions might be the main reason for this high-risk gradient in .liangsu Province, China.
文摘Recent studies showed that inflammation is a critical cause for initiation and/or development of many cancers. In prostate cancer(PC), the inflammatory cells usually populate an immune-competent organ. This inflammatory organ can be involved in the initiation and progression of PC. Here, we mainly focus on the role of inflammation in the PC and progression of castration-resistant PC(CRPC). Moreover, we summarize the roles of inflammation factors(such as chemokines and cytokines) in PC and CRPC. Taken together, this review gives an insight into therapy for PC and CRPC through anti-inflammation.
