融合NSGA-II和CSA的多目标车间调度

针对在灵活车间系统中调度作业和自动引导车(automated guide vehicle,AGV)的同时调度问题,考虑在有限多个AGV和加工机台的情况下,以最小化最大完工时间、单个AGV搬运消耗时间及所有AGV搬运总消耗时间为目标函数,设计融合NSGA-II(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms)和克隆选择(clonal selection algorithm,CSA)的改进算法INGCSA来解决此类问题。采用工件、加工机台和AGV三部分编码;引入非支配排序和目标函数值大小排序后总得分进行种群分层,从而有效地保留优秀个体;针对克隆后的种群,对不同等级的种群采取不同的变异概率,并对染色体进行内部交换与均匀交叉混合交换的基因重组,有效地提高了种群的多样性与防止陷入局部最优。通过三组对比实验,验证了该算法在探索最优解时,具有运行时间短、稳定性高和收敛性好等优点。

基于改进NSGA-II的轨道交通接驳公交线路优化

为解决接驳公交线路规划不合理和时间安排不完善的问题,提出了基于改进NSGA-II算法的环形接驳公交线路优化方法。首先,结合双层规划理论,以乘客出行时间成本最小化、公交企业运营收益和接驳公交服务率最大化为目标函数,以接驳公交线路站点数、线路长度和发车频率作为约束条件构建上层模型,采用Logit模型构建了下层接驳客流分配模型;其次,运用Floyd算法对NSGA-II算法的初始化种群进行了优化,针对所提出的模型设计了模型求解流程;最后,以哈尔滨市轨道交通1号线医大一院轨道交通站为案例,运用笔者提出的多目标双层规划模型和算法进行求解,并与原NSGA-II算法和基于Logistic混沌映射的NSGA-II算法进行对比。研究结果表明:基于Floyd算法改进的NSGA-II算法在多目标双层规划模型求解时,收敛速度更快效果更好,求解结果可以在Pareto前沿得到多个相互非支配的最优解;不同解集对应目标函数值不同,但可以达到接驳公交网络整体效益最优,采用折衷最优解集表述求解结果。

营心宁胶囊辅助治疗对冠心病心力衰竭患者血管紧张肽II水平和心功能的影响

目的:观察营心宁胶囊辅助治疗对冠心病心力衰竭患者血管紧张肽II (AngII)水平和心功能的影响。方法:将128例患者分为两组,对照组64例,治疗组64例。对照组予常规治疗,治疗组患者在此基础上加用营心宁胶囊治疗,每次4粒,每日3次。治疗前及治疗8周后检测血浆AngII、脑钠肽(BNP),并行心脏彩色多普勒超声心动图测定左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)和每搏输出量(SV)。结果:治疗组和对照组总有效率分别为92.2%和89.1% (P > 0.01);显效率分别为43.8%,32.8% (P < 0.01)。两组治疗后患者的AngII、BNP、LVEF、LVEDD和SV均较治疗前明显改善(P < 0.01或P < 0.05),且治疗组患者的改善水平优于对照组(P < 0.01)。结论:营心宁胶囊能有效降低患者AngII水平,并对心功能有改善作用。

血管紧张素II对脓毒症休克大鼠心脏功能的影响

本研究拟通过盲肠结扎穿孔制备大鼠脓毒症模型,观察血管紧张素II对脓毒症休克(sepsis-shock)大鼠心脏功能的影响。方法 48只(Sprague-Dawley,SD)雄性大鼠随机分为6组(n=8):对照(control)组、假手术(sham)组、脓毒症休克(SS)组、去甲肾上腺素(NE)治疗组、血管紧张素II (ANGII)治疗组。采用盲肠结扎穿孔制备脓毒症休克动物模型。监测大鼠心率、血压变化。监测过程中大鼠如出现平均动脉压下降至65mmHg以下,立即给予0.9%生理盐水进行液体复苏,观察10分钟后如效果不佳,按照分组给予不同血管活性药物泵入。分别在造模后6,12,18,24小时抽血行心肌酶学指标检测,同时在该时段行超声观察大鼠心脏超声检查。于术后24小时留取心脏组织进行氧化因子指标测定,并进行心脏组织病理学观察。结果 与对照组和假手术组对比,脓毒症休克、去甲肾上腺素组、血管紧张素组平均动脉压下降明显,液体复苏效果欠佳,需要血管活性药物干预。与对照组和假手术组对比,脓毒症休克、去甲肾上腺素组、血管紧张素II组炎症反应、乳酸指标明显升高,具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。脓毒症休克组与对照组、假手术组相比,心脏左室射血分数(LVEF)明显下降,具有统计学差异(P<0.05),应用血管活性药物后,左室射血分数明显提高,血管紧张素II组射血分数提高与脓毒症组相比,具有显著统计学差异(P<0.01)。脓毒症休克组与对照组、假手术组相比,心肌酶学指标明显升高,应用去甲肾上腺素或血管紧张素II干预后,心肌酶学指标下降,与脓毒症组相比,具有统计学差异(P<0.05),血管紧张素II组改善更为明显(P<0.01)。结论 血管紧张素II可改善脓毒症休克对大鼠的心肌损害,对脓毒症休克大鼠心肌有一定的保护作用。

表达Strep-tag II的重组塞内卡病毒的构建与鉴定

为构建表达Strep-tag II的重组塞内卡病毒(SVA),本研究在感染性cDNA克隆p SVA-I212V/S460L的基础上,采用重叠延伸PCR扩增Strep-tag II并采用无缝克隆法将其插入SVA VP1基因C端,构建感染性cDNA克隆,命名为p SVA-Strep,并采用双酶切和测序鉴定正确后,将p SVA-Strep转染BHK-21细胞拯救重组病毒,收集病变细胞上清,并将含有病毒的细胞上清和野生型SVA(SVA-WT)分别感染BHK-21细胞,以未感染病毒的BHK-21细胞作为阴性对照,感染后24 h分别以鼠源SVA VP2蛋白单克隆抗体(MAb)5D10(1∶1000)、鼠源Strep-tag II MAb(1∶2000)作为一抗,以FITC标记的山羊抗小鼠Ig G(1∶2000)为二抗,采用间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)对重组病毒鉴定。IFA结果显示,以鼠源SVA VP2蛋白MAb 5D10为一抗,SVA-WT和重组病毒感染的细胞均出现绿色荧光,以Strep-tag II MAb作为一抗时,仅有重组病毒感染的细胞出现绿色荧光,经SVA-WT感染的BHK-21细胞及阴性对照细胞均无绿色荧光,表明拯救了Strep-tag II标记的重组病毒,并将其命名为r SVA-Strep。将r SVA-Strep在BHK-21细胞中连续传10代,每隔2代采用引物VP1-F/R经PCR鉴定并对第10代重组病毒的VP1基因测序以鉴定r SVA-Strep的遗传稳定性。结果显示,每隔两代的重组病毒经PCR扩增后均出现约780 bp的目的条带,第10代重组病毒扩增的VP1基因测序结果显示Strep-tag II基因仍在重组病毒中,且无基因突变,表明r SVA-Strep的遗传稳定性较强;将SVA-WT和r SVA-Strep分别以MOI 0.01感染BHK-21细胞,在感染后4 h、8 h、12 h、24 h、36 h、48 h和72 h收获病毒测定病毒滴度并绘制生长曲线,结果显示在病毒感染36 h内r SVA-Strep和SVA-WT生长动力学基本一致,表明Strep-tag II的引入在病毒感染36 h内对SVA的复制基本无影响。采用0.2%甲醛充分灭活r SVA-Strep,并利用Strep-TactinRXT Purification纯化试剂盒纯化该灭活病毒,将r SVA-Strep灭活病毒上清加至Strep-Tactin亲和层析柱,分别用不同体积洗脱缓冲液依次洗脱病毒并通过western blot鉴定病毒的纯化效果。对纯化过程中不同洗脱液洗脱病毒的western blot结果显示,不同体积的洗脱液中E1、E2和E3均出现VP0和VP2两条带,且E1和E2的条带最明显,表明洗脱缓冲液的最佳洗脱体积约为2.2 CV;以上结果表明r SVA-Strep可通过Strep-Tactin亲和层析柱一步法纯化。本研究在SVA中插入Strep-tag II标签,为SVA灭活疫苗的快速纯化提供技术手段,也为其他病原的快速纯化方法的建立提供参考。

Elaidic acid leads to mitochondrial dysfunction via mitochondria-associated membranes triggers disruption of mitochondrial calcium fluxes

Elaidic acid(EA)stimulation can lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS),accompanied by a large release of Ca^(2+),and ultimately the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in Kupffer cells(KCs).Mitochondrial instability or dysfunction may be the key stimulating factors to activate NLRP3 inflammasome,and sustained Ca^(2+)transfer can result in mitochondrial dysfunction.We focused on KCs to explore the damage to mitochondria by EA.After EA stimulation,cells produced an oxidative stress(OS)response with a significant increase in ROS release.Immunoprecipitation experiments and the addition of inhibitors revealed that the increase in the level of intracellular Ca^(2+)led to Ca^(2+)accumulation in the mitochondrial matrix via mitochondria-associated membranes(MAMs).This was accompanied by a significant release of m ROS,loss of MMP and ATP,and a significant increase in mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening,ultimately leading to mitochondrial instability.These findings confirmed the mechanism that EA induced mitochondrial Ca^(2+)imbalance in KCs via MAM,ultimately leading to mitochondrial dysfunction.Meanwhile,EA induced OS and the decrease of MMP and ATP in rat liver,and significant lesions were found in liver mitochondria.Swelling of the inner mitochondrial cristae and mitochondrial vacuolization occurred,with a marked increase in lipid droplets.

Lipid Production,Oxidative Status,Antioxidant Enzymes and Photosynthetic Efficiency of Coccomyxa chodatii SAG 216-2 in Response to Calcium Oxide Nanoparticles

The extensive use of nanoparticles(NPs)in diverse applications causes their localization to aquatic habitats,affecting the metabolic products of primary producers in aquatic ecosystems,such as algae.Synthesized calcium oxide nanoparticles(CaO NPs)are of the scarcely studied NPs.Thus,the current work proposed that the exposure to CaO NPs may instigate metabolic pathway to be higher than that of normally growing algae,and positively stimulate algal biomass.In this respect,this research was undertaken to study the exposure effect of CaO NPs(0,20,40,60,80,and 100μg mL^(−1))on the growth,photosynthesis,respiration,oxidative stress,antioxidants,and lipid production of the microalga Coccomyxa chodatii SAG 216-2.The results showed that the algal growth concomitant with chlorophyll content,photosynthesis,and calcium content increased in response to CaO NPs.The contents of biomolecules such as proteins,amino acids,and carbohydrates were also promoted by CaO NPs with variant degrees.Furthermore,lipid production was enhanced by the applied nanoparticles.CaO NPs induced the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide,while lipid peroxidation was reduced,revealing no oxidative behavior of the applied nanoparticles on alga.Also,CaO NPs have a triggering effect on the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase,catalase,ascorbate peroxidase,and guaiacol peroxidase.The results recommended the importance of the level of 60μg mL^(−1) CaO NPs on lipid production(with increasing percentage of 65%compared to control)and the highest dry matter acquisition of C.chodatii.This study recommended the feasibility of an integrated treatment strategy of CaO NPs in augmenting biomass,metabolic up-regulations,and lipid accumulation in C.chodatii.

Hybrid treatment of varied orthodontic appliances for a patient with skeletal class II and temporomandibular joint disorders:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND The relation between orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular disorders(TMDs)is under debate;the management of TMD during orthodontic treatment has always been a challenge.If TMD symptoms occur during orthodontic treatment,an immediate pause of orthodontic adjustments is recommended;the treatment can resume when the symptoms are managed and stabilized.CASE SUMMARY This case report presents a patient(26-year-old,female)with angle class I,skeletal class II and TMDs.The treatment was a hybrid of clear aligners,fixed appliances and temporary anchorage devices(TADs).After 3 mo resting and treatment on her TMD,the patient’s TMD symptom alleviated,but her anterior occlusion displayed deep overbite.Therefore,the fixed appliances with TAD were used to correct the anterior deep-bite and level maxillary and mandibular deep curves.After the levelling,the patient showed dual bite with centric relation and maximum intercuspation discrepancy on her occlusion.After careful examination of temporomandibular joints(TMJ)position,the stable bite splint and Invisible Mandibular Advancement appliance were used to reconstruct her occlusion.Eventually,the improved facial appearance and relatively stable occlusion were achieved.The 1-year follow-up records showed there was no obvious change in TMJ morphology,and her occlusion was stable.CONCLUSION TMD screening and monitoring is of great clinical importance in the TMD susceptible patients.Hybrid treatment with clear aligners and fixed appliances and TADs is an effective treatment modality for the complex cases.

血管活性药物评分联合APACHE II评分对血流感染后脓毒性休克患者预后的预测价值

目的:探讨血管活性药物评分(vasoactive inotropic score, VIS)联合急性生理与慢性健康评分(APACHE II)对血流感染后脓毒性休克患者结局的预测价值,为临床提供参考。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,通过收集2020年1月至2022年12月安徽医科大学附属合肥医院重症医学科收治的185例脓毒性休克患者的临床资料,根据28 d转归情况,分为存活组95例和死亡组90例,记录所有患者性别、年龄、相关血液检测指标、SOFA评分、24小时内急性生理与慢性健康评分(APACHE II)及24小时内最大血管活性药物评分(VISmax24)等信息,采用单因素分析筛选脓毒性休克患者的相关危险因素,多因素logistic回归分析影响脓毒性休克患者预后的独立危险因素,采用受试者工作特征(receiver op-erating characteristic, ROC)曲线下面积(area under curve, AUC)分析各指标的诊断价值。结果:单因素分析结果表明:死亡组的APACHE II评分(24.30 ± 5.157)、VISmax24 [100.0 (53.5, 121.0)]明显高于存活组(P max24联合APACHE II评分(AUC = 0.848, 95% CI: 0.792~0.905),较单一的APACHE II评分(AUC = 0.729, 95% CI: 0.655~0.802)、VISmax24 (AUC = 0.783, 95% CI: 0.709~0.856)、乳酸(AUC = 0.665, 95% CI: 0.587~0.743)、SOFA (AUC = 0.680, 95% CI: 0.602~0.758)预测价值更高。结论:VISmax24联合APACHE II评分能更有效预测血流感染后脓毒性休克患者的预后。

Towards carbon neutrality of calcium carbide-based acetylene production with sustainable biomass resources

Acetylene is produced from the reaction between calcium carbide(CaC_(2))and water,while the production of CaC_(2) generates significant amount of carbon dioxide not only because it is an energy-intensive process but also the raw material for CaC_(2) synthesis is from coal.Here,a comprehensive biomass-to-acetylene process was constructed that integrated several units including biomass pyrolysis,oxygen-thermal CaC_(2) fabrication and calcium looping.For comparison,a coal-to-acetylene process was also established by using coal as feedstock.The carbon efficiency,energy efficiency and environmental impacts of the bio-based calcium carbide acetylene(BCCA)and coal-based calcium carbide acetylene(CCCA)processes were systematically analyzed.Moreover,the environmental impacts were further evaluated by applying thermal integration at system level and energy substitution in CaC_(2) furnace.Even though the BCCA process showed lower carbon efficiency and energy efficiency than that of the CCCA process,life cycle assessment demonstrated the BCCA(1.873 kgCO_(2eq) kg-prod^(-1))a lower carbon footprint process which is 0.366 kgCO_(2eq) kg-prod^(-1) lower compared to the CCCA process.With sustainable energy(biomass power)substitution in CaC_(2) furnace,an even lower GWP value of 1.377 kgCO_(2eq) kg-prod^(-1) can be achieved in BCCA process.This work performed a systematic analysis on integrating biomass into industrial acetylene production,and revealed the positive role of biomass as raw material(carbon)and energy supplier.

Preparation of high-purity fluorite and nanoscale calcium carbonate from low-grade fluorite

Flotation separation of calcite from fluorite is a challenge on low-grade fluorite flotation that limits the recovery and purity of fluorite concentrate.A new acid leaching–flotation process for fluorite is proposed in this work.This innovative process raised the fluor-ite’s grade to 97.26wt%while producing nanoscale calcium carbonate from its leachate,which contained plenty of calcium ions.On the production of nanoscale calcium carbonate,the impacts of concentration,temperature,and titration rate were examined.By modifying the process conditions and utilizing crystal conditioning agents,calcite-type and amorphous calcium carbonates with corresponding particle sizes of 1.823 and 1.511μm were produced.The influence of the impurity ions Mn^(2+),Mg^(2+),and Fe^(3+)was demonstrated to reduce the particle size of nanoscale calcium carbonate and make crystal shape easier to manage in the fluorite leach solution system compared with the calcium chloride solution.The combination of the acid leaching–flotation process and the nanoscale calcium carbonate preparation method improved the grade of fluorite while recovering calcite resources,thus presenting a novel idea for the effective and clean usage of low-quality fluorite resources with embedded microfine particles.

High-pressure study on calcium azide(Ca(N_(3))_(2)):Bending of azide ions stabilizes the structure

The high-pressure structure and elastic properties of calcium azide(Ca(N_(3))_(2))were investigated using in-situ highpressure x-ray diffraction and Raman scattering up to 54 GPa and 19 GPa,respectively.The compressibility of Ca(N_(3))_(2)changed as the pressure increased,and no phase transition occurred within the pressure from ambient pressure up to 54 GPa.The measured zero-pressure bulk modulus of Ca(N_(3))_(2)is higher than that of other alkali metal azides,due to differences in the ionic character of their metal-azide bonds.Using CASTEP,all vibration modes of Ca(N_(3))_(2)were accurately identified in the vibrational spectrum at ambient pressure.In the high-pressure vibration study,several external modes(ext.)and internal bending modes(ν_(2))of azide anions(N_(3)^(-))softened up to~7 GPa and then hardened beyond that pressure.This evidence is consistent with the variation observed in the F_(E)–f_(E)data analyzed from the XRD result,where the slope of the curve changes at 7.1 GPa.The main behaviors under pressure are the alternating compression,rotation,and bending of N_(3)^(-)ions.The bending behavior makes the structure of Ca(N_(3))_(2)more stable under pressure.

Hydration Behavior and Cementitious Properties of Calcium Carbonate-aluminate Minerals Composite

The purpose of this research is to investigate the hydration behavior and cementitious properties of the mixture of calcium carbonate and aluminate, and to explore whether it can be adopted as a new low-carbon cementitious material. The composite system of calcium carbonate and aluminate minerals is studied by measuring the component of hydration products, the hydration heat, setting time and compressive strength.The results prove that the composite system has certain cementitious properties and is feasible to prepare new low-carbon cement.

Biomineralization of soil with crude soybean urease using different calcium salts

Calcium salt is an important contributing factor for calcium-based biomineralization.To study the effect of calcium salt on soil biomineralization using crude soybean urease,the calcium salts,including the calcium chloride (CaCl_(2)),calcium acetate ((CH_(3)COO)_(2)Ca) and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO_(3))_(2)),were used to prepare the biotreatment solution to carry out the biomineralization tests in this paper.Two series of biomineralization tests in solution and sand column,respectively,were conducted.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed to determine the microscopic characteristics of the precipitated calcium carbonate (CaCO_(3)) crystals.The experimental results indicate that the biomineralization effect is the best for the CaCl2 case,followed by (CH_(3)COO)_(2)Ca,and worst for Ca(NO_(3))_(2) under the test conditions of this study (i.e.1 mol/L of calcium salt-urea).The mechanism for the effect of the calcium salt on the biomineralization of crude soybean urease mainly involves: (1) inhibition of urease activity,and (2) influence on the crystal size and morphology of CaCO_(3).Besides Ca^(2+) ,the anions in solution can inhibit the activity of crude soybean urease,and NO_(3)− has a stronger inhibitory effect on the urease activity compared with both CH_(3)COO^(−) and Cl^(−) .The co-inhibition of Ca^(2+) and NO_(3)− on the activity of urease is the key reason for the worst biomineralization of the Ca(NO_(3))_(2) case in this study.The difference in biomineralization between the CaCl_(2) and (CH_(3)COO)_(2) Ca cases is strongly correlated with the crystal morphology of the precipitated CaCO_(3).

Astrocytic calcium waves:unveiling their roles in sleep and arousal modulation

Neuron-astrocyte interactions are vital for the brain’s connectome.Understanding astrocyte activities is crucial for comprehending the complex neural network,particularly the population-level functions of neurons in different cortical states and associated behaviors in mammals.Studies on animal sleep and wakefulness have revealed distinct cortical synchrony patterns between neurons.Astrocytes,outnumbering neurons by nearly fivefold,support and regulate neuronal and synaptic function.Recent research on astrocyte activation during cortical state transitions has emphasized the influence of norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter and calcium waves as key components of ion channel signaling.This summary focuses on a few recent studies investigating astrocyte-neuron interactions in mouse models during sleep,wakefulness,and arousal levels,exploring the involvement of noradrenaline signaling,ion channels,and glutamatergic signaling in different cortical states.These findings highlight the significant impact of astrocytes on large-scale neuronal networks,influencing brain activity and responsiveness.Targeting astrocytic signaling pathways shows promise for treating sleep disorders and arousal dysregulation.More research is needed to understand astrocytic calcium signaling in different brain regions and its implications for dysregulated brain states,requiring future human studies to comprehensively investigate neuron-astrocyte interactions and pave the way for therapeutic interventions in sleep-and arousal-related disorders.

Suppressing a mitochondrial calcium uniporter activates the calcium signaling pathway and promotes cell elongation in cotton

Mitochondrial calcium uniporter(MCU)is a conserved calcium ion(Ca^(2+))transporter in the mitochondrial inner membrane of eukaryotic cells.How MCU proteins regulate Ca^(2+)flow and modulate plant cell development remain largely unclear.Here,we identified the gene GhMCU4 encoding a MCU protein that negatively regulates plant development and fiber elongation in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum).GhMCU4expressed constitutively in various tissues with the higher transcripts in elongating fiber cells.Knockdown of GhMCU4 in cotton significantly elevated the plant height and root length.The calcium signaling pathway was significantly activated and calcium sensor genes,including Ca^(2+)dependent modulator of interactor of constitutively active ROP(GhCMI1),calmodulin like protein(GhCML46),calciumdependent protein kinases(GhCPKs),calcineurin B-like protein(GhCBLs),and CBL-interacting protein kinases(GhCIPKs),were dramatically upregulated in GhMCU4-silenced plants.Metabolic processes were preferentially enriched,and genes related to regulation of transcription were upregulated in GhMCU4-silenced plants.The contents of Ca^(2+)and H_(2)O_(2)were significantly increased in roots and leaves of GhMCU4-silenced plants.Fiber length and Ca^(2+)and H_(2)O_(2)contents in fibers were significantly increased in GhMCU4-silenced plants.This study indicated that GhMCU4 plays a negative role in regulating cell elongation in cotton,thus expanding understanding in the role of MCU proteins in plant growth and development.

Bio-cementation for tidal erosion resistance improvement of foreshore slopes based on microbially induced magnesium and calcium precipitation

In most coastal and estuarine areas,tides easily cause surface erosion and even slope failure,resulting in severe land losses,deterioration of coastal infrastructure,and increased floods.The bio-cementation technique has been previously demonstrated to effectively improve the erosion resistance of slopes.Seawater contains magnesium ions(Mg^(2+))with a higher concentration than calcium ions(Ca^(2+));therefore,Mg^(2+)and Ca^(2+)were used together for bio-cementation in this study at various Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)ratios as the microbially induced magnesium and calcium precipitation(MIMCP)treatment.Slope angles,surface strengths,precipitation contents,major phases,and microscopic characteristics of precipitation were used to evaluate the treatment effects.Results showed that the MIMCP treatment markedly enhanced the erosion resistance of slopes.Decreased Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)ratios resulted in a smaller change in angles and fewer soil losses,especially the Mg^(2+)concentration below 0.2 M.The decreased Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)ratio achieved increased precipitation contents,which contributed to better erosion resistance and higher surface strengths.Additionally,the production of aragonite would benefit from elevated Mg^(2+)concentrations and a higher Ca^(2+)concentration led to more nesquehonite in magnesium precipitation crystals.The slopes with an initial angle of 53°had worse erosion resistance than the slopes with an initial angle of 35°,but the Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)ratios of 0.2:0.8,0.1:0.9,and 0:1.0 were effective for both slope stabilization and erosion mitigation to a great extent.The results are of great significance for the application of MIMCP to improve erosion resistance of foreshore slopes and the MIMCP technique has promising application potential in marine engineering.

Blood Calcium as a Protective Factor against Traumatic Fracture

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the predictive value of blood calcium in the prognosis of traumatic fracture. Methods: A retrospective experimental design was employed, 112 cases (52 non-fracture and 60 traumatic fracture) were randomly selected. The type of fracture complies with WHO-recommended (2019) diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis combined with fracture. The blood pressure (BP) was measured by OMRON’s HEM-7136 model electronic blood pressure monitor. Blood calcium (Ca2+), and blood phosphorus (P) values were measured using Colorimetric Roche kits on a Roche/Hitachi fully automated biochemical analyzer. Data collection and analysis followed. Results: Higher levels of age, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were found in the traumatic fracture group compared to the control group, whereas weight, height, and blood phosphorus did not differ significantly (P adjusting for age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and blood phosphorus, binary logistic regression analysis revealed that blood calcium was a protective factor against traumatic fracture (β = -26.85, OR = 0.00, 95% CI = 0.00 -0.02, P = 0.022). Conclusion: The findings suggest that high and low blood calcium levels may serve as useful indicators in predicting the prognosis of fractures resulting from trauma.

Calcium-fortified fresh milk ameliorates postmenopausal osteoporosis via regulation of bone metabolism and gut microbiota in ovariectomized rats

The aging of the global population has made postmenopausal osteoporosis prevention essential;however,pharmacological treatments are limited.Herein,we evaluate the effect of calcium-fortified fresh milk(FM)in ameliorating postmenopausal osteoporosis in a rat model established using bilateral ovariectomy.After 3 months of FM(containing vitamin D,and casein phosphopeptides,1000 mg Ca/100 g)or control milk(110 mg Ca/100 g milk)supplementation,bone changes were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,microcomputed tomography,and bone biomechanical testing.The results revealed that FM can regulate bone metabolism and gut microbiota composition,which act on bone metabolism through pathways associated with steroid hormone biosynthesis,relaxin signaling,serotonergic synapse,and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.Furthermore,FM administration significantly increased bone mineral content and density in the lumbar spine and femur,as well as femoral compressive strength,while improving femoral trabecular bone parameters and microarchitecture.Mechanistically,we found that the effects may be due to increased levels of estrogen,bone formation marker osteocalcin,and procollagen typeⅠN-propeptide,and decreased expression of the bone resorption marker C-telopiptide and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b.Overall,the findings suggest that FM is a potential alternative therapeutic option for ameliorating postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Exogenous calcium enhances the physiological status and photosynthetic capacity of rose under drought stress

Drought(water shortage)can substantially limit the yield and economic value of rose plants(Rosa spp.).Here,we characterized the effect of exogenous calcium(Ca^(2+))on the antioxidant system and photosynthesis-related properties of rose under polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG6000)-induced drought stress.Chlorophyll levels,as well as leaf and root biomass,were significantly reduced by drought;drought also had a major effect on the enzymatic antioxidant system and increased concentrations of reactive oxygen species.Application of exogenous Ca^(2+)increased the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of leaves,enhanced water-use efficiency,and increased the length and width of stomata following exposure to drought.Organ-specific physiological responses were observed under different concentrations of Ca^(2+).Application of 5 mmol·L^(-1)Ca^(2+)promoted photosynthesis and antioxidant activity in the leaves,and application of 10 mmol·L^(-1)Ca^(2+)promoted antioxidant activity in the roots.Application of exogenous Ca^(2+)greatly enhanced the phenotype and photosynthetic capacity of potted rose plants following exposure to drought stress.Overall,our findings indicate that the application of exogenous Ca^(2+)enhances the drought resistance of roses by promoting physiological adaptation and that it could be used to aid the cultivation of rose plants.