Viability of Bifidobacteria in frozen yogurt made from camel milk

The purpose of this research was to incorporate Bifidobacterium angulatum and Bifidobacterium infantis in frozen fermented dairy desserts made from camel or cow milk and to determine their viability during freezing and storage at .20℃. To meet this objective, ice cream mixtures were formulated using camel or cow milk constituents, inoculated with regular yogurt starter （Lactobacillus delbruecldi ssp bulgaricus and streptococcus thermophilus） and incubated at 42℃ till a pH value of 5.0 was attained. The fermented mixes were heated to 80℃ for 5 min in water bath to inhibit yogurt organisms. Bifidobacteria were then added at 2 g/kg mix （1 gram from each Bifidobacterium strain）. The results showed that the initial counts of Bifidobacteria before freezing were 7.3 × 10^8 and 7.1 × 108 cfu/g for camel and cow mix respectively and decreased to 1.06× 10^8 and 1.1×10^8 in the same order （about 0.8 log reduction in the count of Bifidobacteria was observed） after freezing and storage for one day. No significant changes in counts of Bifidobaeteria were found during storage at -20℃ for 17 weeks. Changes in pH and titratable acidity were also studied. No significant changes in titratable acidities of frozen yogurt made from camel or cow milk constituents during storage period were observed.

单、双峰骆驼酸奶品质与风味的比较

目的:分析对比单、双峰酸驼乳的品质与风味。方法:通过理化检验、质构分析、流变学分析、固相微萃取—气相色谱—质谱法、感官评价等方法检测单、双峰酸驼乳的品质与风味组成。结果:单峰酸驼乳的活菌数、蛋白质、脂肪、总固形物含量以及抗氧化活性均低于双峰酸驼乳(P<0.05),贮藏稳定性优于双峰酸驼乳(P<0.05)。双峰酸驼乳的硬度显著高于单峰酸驼乳(P<0.05),单峰酸驼乳的黏附性绝对值、内聚性、胶黏性显著高于双峰酸驼乳(P<0.05),两者的弹性和咀嚼性无显著差异。单、双峰酸驼乳的表观黏度均呈现剪切稀释的流动特征,初始表观黏度分别为5.82,2.33 Pa·s;两者均能形成触变环,其面积分别为2421.82,3674.16 Pa/s;两者均表现出凝胶特性,单峰酸驼乳具有更高的弹性和黏性。单、双峰酸驼乳中共检出48种挥发性风味物质,其共有挥发性风味物质含量差异显著(P<0.05),其中,双峰酸驼乳中的挥发性酸类、酯类、醛类、酮类等风味阈值较低的物质相对含量高于单峰酸驼乳,使其风味更优。单峰酸驼乳的感官评分高于双峰酸驼乳(P<0.05)。结论:双峰酸驼乳的营养和风味物质含量更高,单峰酸驼乳在贮藏稳定性和口感方面更优。

骆驼酸乳中乳酸菌的抑菌实验研究

对新疆3个不同地区的骆驼酸乳中分离出来的10株乳酸菌（编号1～10）的抑菌作用进行研究，并用滤纸片法对大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌、白色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌进行抑菌实验，结果表明，对大肠杆菌具有抑菌作用的是菌株3、6、7、10；对绿脓杆菌具有抑菌作用的是菌株7、8、9、10；对金黄色葡萄球菌具有抑菌作用的是菌株6、7、8；对白色念珠菌有抑菌作用的是菌株6、7；对白色葡萄球菌具有抑菌作用的是菌株8、9；但这10株乳酸菌发酵上清液对枯草芽孢杆菌均无抑菌作用。本实验提示从新疆3个不同地区的骆驼酸乳中分离出来的部分乳酸菌对指示菌具有抑菌作用。