Effects of Exercise on Cancer-related Fatigue and Quality of Life in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Objective To gain insight on how exercise affects the outcomes of prostate cancer patients treated with androgen deprivation therapy,specifically cancer-related fatigue(CRF) and quality of life(QoL). Methods Systematic searches for randomized clinical trials(RCTs) evaluating the effects of exercise on CRF and QoL of prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy were carried out to identify the eligible studies from EMBASE,Pub Med and Cochrane library. Related data were extracted from eligible studies and then subjected to Reviewer Manage 5.3 for analysis. Standardized mean differences(SMD) and its 95% confidence interval(CI) were calculated. Results In all,10 RCTs involving 841 prostate cancer patients(448 of whom exercised and 393 did not) were included in this study. With respect to CRF,there was good consistency among different studies,and it was remarkably reduced in the exercise group(SMD=-0.32,95% CI:-0.45 to-0.18,P<0.00001,n=784). In regards to QoL,there was also good consistency among different studies,and it was also improved significantly in the exercise group(SMD=0.21,95% CI:0.08 to 0.34,P=0.002,n=841). Conclusion Exercise both reduced CRF and improved QoL in prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy.

Effect of KAP Intervention Model on Resilience and Cancer-related Fatigue in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy

Objective:To explore the effect of KAP intervention mode on resilience and cancer-related fatigue in patients with colorectal cancer undergoing chemotherapy.Methods:A prospective randomized trial was conducted.55 patients with colorectal cancer who received routine nursing from February 2018 to February 2019 were included in the control group,and 55 patients who received routine nursing+KAP intervention from March 2019 to March 2020 were included in the observation group.The scores of Resilience Scale and cancer-related fatigue scale(CFS)before and 6 months after intervention were compared between the two groups.Results:After 6 months of intervention,the score of resilience of the two groups was higher than that before intervention,and that of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);The CFS score of the two groups was lower than that before intervention,and that of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:KAP intervention model can improve the resilience of patients with colorectal cancer chemotherapy,reduce cancerrelated fatigue.

A GENERAL CONSTITUTIVE RELATION FOR FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH ANALYSIS OF METAL STRUCTURES

Crack growth rate curves are the fundamental material property for metal structures under fatigue loading. Although there are many crack growth rate curves available in the literature, few of them showed the capability to explain various special phenomena observed in tests. A modified constitutive relation recently proposed by McEvily and his co-workers showed very promising capability. This modified constitutive relation is further generalized by (1) introducing an unstable fracture condition; (2) defining a virtual strength to replace the yield stress; and (3) defining an overload and underload parameter. The performances of this general constitutive relation for fatigue crack growth is extensively studied and it is found that this general constitutive relation is able to explain various phenomena observed with particular strong capability on load sequence effect.

Mechanism of cancer-induced fatigue

Cancer related fatigue(CRF)is one of the most common and painful reactions in cancer patients.Due to the negative effects of cancer itself and long-term treatment,patients often feel continuous burnout,fatigue and powerlessness in both mental and physical aspects.Fatigue related to cancer and cancer treatment will affect the physical and mental health of cancer patients for a long time and continuously,and it is hard to be relieved through rest.Nowadays,most of the researches focus on the clinical manifestations of patients with cancer,such as pain,nausea and vomiting,weight loss and so on.The fatigue feeling of cancer patients is often one of the most easily overlooked pain symptoms in the treatment process.The influence of CRF on cancer patients may be one of the reasons for reducing the survival time of cancer patients.This paper aims to summarize and explore the pathogenesis of cancer-related fatigue,in order to analyze the related factors of cancer-related fatigue from multi-dimensional and multi-angle,and provide reference for its comprehensive treatment in clinic.

QUICK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY FOR RELIABILITY OF SOLDER JOINTS IN BALL GRID ARRAY (BGA) ASSEMBLY——PART Ⅰ: CREEP CONSTITUTIVE RELATION AND FATIGUE MODEL

In this study, a new unified creep constitutive relation and a mod- ified energy-based fatigue model have been established respectively to describe the creep flow and predict the fatigue life of Sn-Pb solders. It is found that the relation successfully elucidates the creep mechanism related to current constitutive relations. The model can be used to describe the temperature and frequency dependent low cycle fatigue behavior of the solder. The relation and the model are further employed in part Ⅱ to develop the numerical simulation approach for the long-term reliability assessment of the plastic ball grid array (BGA) assembly.

Fatigue behaviour of welded joints assembled by longitudinal corrugated plates

Fatigue is usually the cause for the cracks identified at bridge elements in service. With an increase in the introduction of corrugated steel web girders in recent highway bridge construction, the understanding of the fatigue behaviour of welded details in such structures becomes an important issue for the design. The typical welded details were represented as welded joints assembled by longitudinal corrugated plates. All the experiments were performed under fatigue loading using a servo-control testing machine. The test results from the failure mode observation with the aid of infrared thermo-graph technology show that the failure manner of these welded joints is comparable to that of the corrugated steel web beams reported previously. It is indicated from the stiffness degradation analysis that the welded joints with larger corrugation angle have higher stiffness and greater stiffness degradation in the notable stiffness degradation range. It is shown from the test S-N relations based on the free regression and forced regression analyses that there is a good linear dependence between lg(N) and lg(ΔS). It is also demonstrated that the proposed fracture mechanics analytical model is able to give a prediction slightly lower but on the safe side for the mean stresses at 2 million cycles of the test welded joints.

NEW METHOD FOR MEASURING RANDOM THRESHOLDS OF LONG FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION

A so-called 'local probabilistic Paris relation method' was presented for measuring the random thresholds of long fatigue crack propagation. A check was made to the conventional method, in which the thresholds were measured statistically and directly by the test data. It was revealed that this method was not reasonable because the test data have seldom a unified level of crack growth rates. Differently,in the presented method the Paris-Erdogan equation was applied to model the local test data around the thresholds. Local probabilistic relations with both the survival probability and the confidence were established on a lognormal distribution of the stress density factors. And then, the probabilistic thresholds were derived from the probabilistic factors with a given critical level of growth rate. An analysis on the test data of LZ50 axle steel for the Chinese railway vehicles verifies that the present method is feasible and available.

Effects of <i>Nigella sativa</i>L. Seed Extract on Fatigue, Blood Biochemical Parameters and Thyroid Function in Male Mice

Nigella sativa L. (Black seed), is a traditional herbal medicine that has been used for many purposes. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of nigella sativa L. (NS) on performance of Forced Swimming Test (FST), blood biochemical parameters related to fatigue and thyroid functions. Therefore, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Creatine Kinase (CK), Lactic Dehydrogenase (LDH), and Total Protein (TP), triiodothyronine T3, thyroxin T4 and TSH tests were investigated. Thirty five male adult mice were randomly divided into five groups: three NS-fed groups, one fluoxetine treated group and one control group. Three NS experimental groups received hydro-alcoholic extract of NS at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg orally for two weeks. Immobility time decreased in all NS groups compared with control group. Administration of NS significantly increased the concentration of T3 and T4 of the treatment groups. On the contrary, the amount of BUN, CK, LDH, TP and TSH decreased. In conclusion, black seed extract at the experimented doses showed anti-depressant, anti-fatigue and hyperthyroid effects.

节约体能法对宫颈癌同步放化疗病人癌因性疲乏的干预效果

目的:探讨节约体能法对宫颈癌同步放化疗病人癌因性疲乏(CRF)的干预效果。方法:采用方便抽样法,选取2018年4月—12月在西安交通大学第一附属医院放疗病区住院治疗的108例宫颈癌病人作为研究对象,按入院时间分为对照组和干预组,每组54例。对照组给予放疗科常规护理,干预组在放疗科常规护理基础上给予节约体能法的干预。于治疗开始前、放疗5次结束、放疗10次结束、放疗15次结束、放疗20次结束及放疗25次结束后采用中文版Piper疲乏修订量表(RPFS)对病人CRF严重程度进行评价。结果:干预期间对照组流失3例病人,干预组流失4例病人,最终对照组51例病人完成研究,干预组50例病人完成研究。中文版RPFS总分及行为疲乏、情感疲乏、感知疲乏、认知疲乏维度得分的干预主效应、时间主效应均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在治疗开始前和放疗5次结束2个时间点,对照组与干预组的中文版RPFS总分及各维度得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在放疗10次结束、放疗15次结束、放疗20次结束及放疗25次结束4个时间点,对照组与干预组的中文版RPFS总分及各维度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:宫颈癌同步放化疗病人CRF水平在治疗期间升高,节约体能法可有效降低各时间点宫颈癌同步放化疗病人的CRF水平。

晚期恶性肿瘤患者癌因性疲乏现状及其影响因素

目的 了解晚期恶性肿瘤患者抗肿瘤治疗期间癌因性疲乏现状,并分析其影响因素,为临床护理干预提供依据。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2022年1月至8月在北京市某三级甲等综合医院肿瘤内科住院并接受抗肿瘤治疗的279例晚期恶性肿瘤患者作为研究对象,采用癌症疲乏量表(cancer fatigue scale,CFS)、化疗消化道症状量表(chemotherapy-related gastrointestinal symptoms inventory,CGISI)、营养风险筛查2002量表(nutritional risk screening 2002,NRS2002)进行调查,采用Logistic回归分析患者癌症疲乏得分的影响因素。结果 279例患者均完成研究。204例(73.1%)患者存在癌因性疲乏。Logistic回归分析显示,体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、文化程度、家庭人均月收入和糖尿病均是癌因性疲乏的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 晚期恶性肿瘤患者在抗肿瘤治疗期间癌因性疲乏发生率较高,BMI过低、文化程度低、家庭人均月收入较低及糖尿病为晚期恶性肿瘤患者癌因性疲乏的危险因素,可据此实施针对性干预,降低疲乏发生率。

补中益气汤加减联合灵龟八法治疗胃癌放疗后癌性疲乏临床研究

目的:观察补中益气汤加减联合灵龟八法治疗胃癌放疗后癌性疲乏的临床疗效。方法:选择胃癌放疗后癌性疲乏患者84例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各42例。对照组给予常规对症支持治疗,观察组给予补中益气汤加减联合灵龟八法治疗。2组均治疗8周。比较2组临床疗效、中医证候评分、相关癌性疲乏量表评分、生活质量评分、营养状况及炎症因子水平,并统计恶心呕吐分级情况。结果:观察组总有效率为92.86%,高于对照组78.57%(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组纳差乏力、面色萎黄、头晕气短、肢体倦怠评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且观察组各项评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组简短疲劳量表(BFI-C)、临床虚弱量表(CFS)评分较治疗前降低,Karnofsky功能状态评分、日常生活活动能力(ADL)评分较治疗前升高(P<0.05);且观察组BFI-C、CFS评分低于对照组,Karnofsky功能状态评分、ADL评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组血清前白蛋白、白蛋白、转铁蛋白水平较治疗前升高,血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平较治疗前降低(P<0.05);且观察组血清前白蛋白、白蛋白、转铁蛋白水平高于对照组,血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组呕吐总发生率为47.62%,低于对照组73.81%(P<0.05)。结论:补中益气汤加减联合灵龟八法治疗胃癌放疗后癌性疲乏患者临床疗效显著。

FATIGUE RELIABILITY CALCULATION MODEL FOR COMPONENT UNDER RANDOM LOADING

in reliability design of fatigue under random loading, the influence of loading se-quence must be considered. In order to avoid the uneertain hypothesis in the Miner's rule, ie. thatthe sum of damage equals one represents failure, this paper proposes the probabilistic relativeMine's rule. This paper also presents a new method for calculating reliability, ie. the syntheticmethod of Miner's rule and interference model. This model considers not only the influence ofstress concentration, dimension and surface, but also the influence of stress amplitude and se-quence.

艾灸联合耳穴压豆对肺癌化疗患者生活质量以及癌因性疲乏的影响分析

目的艾灸联合耳穴压豆对肺癌化疗患者生活质量以及癌因性疲乏的影响。方法60例肺癌化疗患者,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组30例。对照组患者给予临床常规健康教育,试验组在对照组的基础上采取艾灸联合耳穴压豆治疗。比较两组患者癌因性疲乏缓解效果、治疗前后的生活质量评分、毒副反应的缓解效果。结果试验组患者癌因性疲乏缓解率93.33%高于对照组的46.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,试验组患者生活质量评分(2.21±0.17)分高于对照组的(0.35±0.14)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组毒副反应缓解率为83.33%,高于对照组的50.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采取艾灸联合耳穴压豆对肺癌化疗患者的治疗效果显著,有效改善生活质量、癌因性疲乏及毒副反应,并且操作简单,经济,患者容易接受,值得在临床推广。

针对性干预对肺癌化疗伴癌因性疲乏患者的影响

目的:探讨针对性干预对肺癌化疗伴癌因性疲乏患者的影响。方法:选择2021年3月—2023年3月江西省肿瘤医院胸内一病区接收的肺癌化疗伴癌因性疲乏患者80例作为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各40例。对照组给予常规干预措施,观察组在对照组的基础上给予针对性干预,比较两组癌因性疲乏程度、心理状态、社会适应性、希望水平、睡眠质量、生存质量。结果:干预后观察组癌因性疲乏程度轻于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后观察组焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后观察组社会适应性量表的心理弹性、心理能量、人际适应性、控制倾向维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组希望水平、生存质量评分均高于对照组,睡眠质量评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对肺癌化疗伴癌因性疲乏患者实施针对性干预可进一步疏解负面情绪,改善癌因性疲乏症状,并增强患者的社会适应性,提高希望水平,恢复良好的睡眠质量和生存质量。

早期分阶段肺康复在肺叶切除术重症肺癌患者中的应用

目的分析早期分阶段肺康复方案对肺叶切除术重症肺癌患者肺功能、癌因性疲乏及身体活动量的影响。方法随机抽样选取2019年6月至2020年5月于新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院行肺叶切除术的112例重症肺癌患者为研究对象。按照入组先后顺序将其分为对照组和观察组,每组56例,2组患者基线资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。对照组给予常规康复护理,观察组在对照组基础上添加早期分阶段肺康复方案干预,对2组患者进行为期18个月的随访研究,比较2组患者干预前或术前3 d以及干预后1、6、18个月肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、第1秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量(FEV1/FVC)]、癌因性疲乏发生率、每日身体活动时间、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分。结果观察组癌因性疲乏发生率(44.64%)低于对照组(64.29%),差异有统计学意义(P=0.037)。重复测量方差分析显示,FEV1、FEV1/FVC、每日身体活动时间、SAS评分、SDS评分主体内效应及主体间效应有统计学意义(P<0.05),FEV1、FEV1/FVC、每日身体活动时间、SAS评分、SDS评分随时间发生变化,且因组别不同而存在差异。干预后1、6、18个月,观察组FEV1、FEV1/FVC、每日身体活动时间高于对照组,SAS评分、SDS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在常规康复护理基础上添加早期分阶段肺康复干预,能够改善肺叶切除术重症肺癌患者远期肺功能与负性情绪,降低癌因性疲乏发生率,提高身体活动量。

集束化营养干预对中晚期肝癌TACE术患者营养状况、癌因性疲乏及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨集束化营养干预对中晚期肝癌经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)术患者营养状况、癌因性疲乏及生活质量的影响。方法:选取86例接受TACE治疗的中晚期肝癌患者为研究对象,根据营养干预方式不同分为对照组和观察组,每组各43例。对照组患者予以常规营养干预;观察组患者予以集束化营养干预,干预时间均为3个月。比较两组干预前及干预后营养状态[血红蛋白(Hb)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PA)及主观整体营养状况评价表(PG-SGA)评分]、免疫功能[免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)]、癌因性疲乏[癌因性疲乏量表(CFS)评分]及生活质量[肝癌患者生活质量量表(QOL-LCV2.0)评分]。结果:干预后,两组患者Hb、ALB、PA均升高(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);PG-SGA评分均下降(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);IgA、IgM及IgG均升高(P<0.05),且观察组IgM及IgG高于对照组(P<0.05);CFS量表总分及各维度评分均下降(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);QOL-LCV2.0量表总分及各维度评分均升高(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:集束化营养干预可改善中晚期肝癌TACE术患者营养状况,提高免疫功能,降低患者癌因性疲乏程度,提升患者生活质量。

时机理论指导下的护理干预在胃肠道肿瘤患者中的实施效果

目的分析时机理论指导下的护理干预在胃肠道肿瘤患者中的应用效果。方法选取2022年2月—2023年2月无锡市人民医院普外科收治的88例胃肠道肿瘤患者作为研究对象,按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则分为对照组和观察组,各44例。对照组患者予以常规护理干预,观察组患者予以时机理论指导下的护理干预,比较两组患者的癌因性疲乏程度、压力知觉水平、病耻感与生命意义。结果护理前,两组患者的癌因性疲乏量表(CFC)、中文版压力知觉量表(CPSS)、慢性疾病病耻感量表(SSCI)、癌症患者生命意义感量表(C-MiLS)相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。出院90 d后,观察组患者的CFS评分低于对照组,观察组患者的CPSS评分低于对照组,观察组患者的SSCI评分低于对照组,观察组患者的C-MiLS各维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论时机理论指导下的护理干预在胃肠道肿瘤患者中的应用不仅能缓解胃肠道肿瘤患者的癌因性疲乏程度,降低其压力知觉水平与病耻感,而且可促进患者的生命意义感进一步增强。

肺癌患者化疗初期症状群与癌因性疲乏的相关性分析

目的分析肺癌患者化疗初期症状群与癌因性疲乏的相关性。方法选择2021年8月-2022年12月我院收治的肺癌化疗患者137例,采用Piper疲乏修订量表对化疗初期症状群进行评价,采用Pearson相关性分析对肺癌患者化疗初期症状群与癌因性疲乏的相关性进行分析。结果回收有效问卷137份(97.86%),137例肺癌患者化疗初期症状群表现为口干(67.88%)、食欲下降(58.39%)、呕吐(16.79%)、咯血(19.71%)、嗜睡(51.82%)、健忘(59.85%)、悲伤感(47.45%)、咳嗽(54.01%)、咳痰(75.18%)、便秘(37.96%)、麻木感(35.77%)、胸闷(59.12%)、气短(70.80%)以及体重下降(49.64%),有无症状群患者的癌因性疲乏评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肺癌患者化疗初期症状群与癌因性疲乏呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05)。结论肺癌患者化疗初期症状群与癌因性疲乏呈正相关,临床可采取相应干预措施,降低癌因性疲乏的程度。

授权赋能教育联合手术室人性化护理对胃癌手术患者心理复原力、癌因性疲乏及应对方式的影响

目的:探讨权赋能教育联合手术室人性化护理对胃癌术后患者心理复原力、癌因性疲乏及应对方式的影响。方法:选取某医院2022年1月-2023年1月收治的203例胃癌患者为研究对象,按入院时间分为对照组(2022年1-6月入院,101例)、干预组(2022年7月-2023年1月入院,102例)。对照组采用常规护理联合手术室人性化护理,干预组在对照组基础上联合授权赋能教育,比较两组患者手术康复指标、中文版心理复原力量表(C-CDRISC)评分、中文版癌症疲乏量表(C-CFS)评分、中文版医学应对问卷(C-MCMQ)评分、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)评分、生活质量量表(SF-36)评分及并发症。结果:干预组首次排气时间、首次下床活动时间、经口进食时间和住院时间均较对照组明显短(P<0.05)。与干预前比较,干预后两组C-CDRISC评分中的坚韧性、自强性、乐观性评分、C-MCMQ中的面对评分及GSES评分、SF-36评分明显增高,且干预组均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);干预后两组C-CFS评分中的躯体疲乏、认知疲乏、情感疲乏评分及屈服及回避评分明显降低,且干预组均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预组并发症总发生率较对照组明显低(P<0.05)。结论:授权赋能教育联合手术室人性化护理应用于胃癌术后患者中,可明显缩短患者手术康复时间、提高心理复原力、改善癌因性疲乏和应对方式、自我效能感及生活质量,有效减少并发症的发生。

艾迪注射液辅助SOX方案治疗晚期胃癌临床研究

目的:观察艾迪注射液辅助SOX方案治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效。方法:选取64例晚期胃癌患者,按照奇偶数随机分为试验组和对照组,每组32例。对照组行SOX方案治疗,试验组在SOX方案基础上联用艾迪注射液治疗。21 d为1个疗程,2组均治疗6个疗程,随访18个月。比较2组临床疗效、肿瘤标志物[血清糖类抗原724(CA724)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、糖类抗原199(CA199)、癌胚抗原(CEA)]水平、症状积分、piper疲乏调查量表(PSR-R)评分、Karnofsky(KPS)评分、不良反应发生率、肿瘤进展时间(TTP)及中位生存时间(MST)。结果:治疗6个疗程后,试验组疾病控制率(DCR)为93.75%,疾病有效率(ORR)为68.75%,均高于对照组68.75%、40.63%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组血清CA125、CA199、CA724、CEA水平均较治疗前降低,试验组血清CA125、CA199、CEA水平均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组血清CA724水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组症状积分、PSR-R评分均较治疗前降低,KPS评分均较治疗前升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组症状积分及PSR-R评分均低于对照组,KPS评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗6个疗程期间,除肝肾功能损害外,试验组血小板减少、血红蛋白减少、白细胞减少、周围神经毒性不良反应发生率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访18个月,试验组TTP和MST均长于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:艾迪注射液辅助SOX方案治疗晚期胃癌能够提升治疗效果,延长患者的生存期,降低不良反应发生率。