Composite Panels from the Combination of Rice Husk and Wood Chips with a Natural Resin Based on Tannins Reinforced with Sugar Cane Molasses Intended for Building Insulation: Physico-Mechanical and Thermal Properties

The objective of this work is to develop new biosourced insulating composites from rice husks and wood chips that can be used in the building sector. It appears from the properties of the precursors that rice chips and husks are materials which can have good thermal conductivity and therefore the combination of these precursors could make it possible to obtain panels with good insulating properties. With regard to environmental and climatic constraints, the composite panels formulated at various rates were tested and the physico-mechanical and thermal properties showed that it was essential to add a crosslinker in order to increase certain solicitation. an incorporation rate of 12% to 30% made it possible to obtain panels with low thermal conductivity, a low surface water absorption capacity and which gives the composite good thermal insulation and will find many applications in the construction and real estate sector. Finally, new solutions to improve the fire reaction of the insulation panels are tested which allows to identify suitable solutions for the developed composites. In view of the flame tests, the panels obtained are good and can effectively combat fire safety in public buildings.

Yields of Polyhydroxyalkanoates （PHAs） during Batch Fermentation of Sugar Cane Juice by Alcaligenes latus and Alcaligenes eutrophus

In this work, sugar cane juice was fermented to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates （PHAs） by Alcaligenes latus TISTR 1403 and A. eutrophus TISTR 1095. The juice was characterized and composed of total sugars 105.5 g·L^-1 （sucrose 36.6g·L^-1 , fructose 26.0g·L^-1 , glucose 21.8g·L^-1 and other sugars 21.1g·L^-1 ）. Each inoculums （ 10%, v/v） was separately cultivated in the medium containing 20g·L^-1 total sugars under condition （30℃, 200 rpm, pH 6.5-7）. It was found that the A. eutrophus can be grown better than the A. latus. Only the A. eutrophus was further cultured under different total sugar concentrations （20, 30, 40 and 50g·L^-1 ）. The optimal contents of total sugar, dry cell mass （DCM） and maximum PHAs were obtained at 50g·L^-1 , 6.013g·L^-1 and 1.84g·L^-1 , respectively after 60 h fermentation which were converted to biomass yield （Yx/s）, product yield （Yp/5）, specific product yield （Yp/x） and productivity of 0.163, 0.05, 0.306 and 0.031 g.Llhl. Large scale of PHAs production was conducted in 5 L fermentor using the optimal condition obtained under 30% dissolved oxygen. The DCM and the maximum PHAs were 5.881g·L^-1 and 1.281g·L^-1 which were calculated to values of Yx/s, Yp/s, Yp/x and productivity at 0.19, 0.04, 0.218 and 0.021g·L^-1 , respectively.

Cyclone as a Sugar Cane Bagasse Dryer

Drying of sugar cane bagasse was theoretically and experimentally studied ina cyclone. The experiments were carried out using hot air as drying agent. The influence of thecyclone conical part was studied. It was shown that the conical part has a great influence on theparticle residence time and, consequently, on moisture reduction. Experimental results were alikeindustrial ones. CFX 4.4 from AEA Technology was used to simulate some experiments. Simulated andexperimental results were close and showed that the presented model leads to a good prediction.

Main Practices and Future Development of the Green Food Cane Sugar Industry in Guangxi

The present situation of sugarcane production in Guangxi was introduced.The main practices of Guangxi green food cane sugar industry development were overviewed in terms of the green production for improving quality of sugarcane in Guangxi,green mechanism and joint development,block management for ensuring quality,green recycling and turning waste into treasure,building double-high bases for improving quality and increasing quantity,and sustainable development and thoroughly implementation by taking up residence.Prospects for the future development of the green food cane sugar industry in Guangxi were put forward.

Physico-Chemical and Organoleptic Quality of Madurese Spicy Dried Beef Prepared with Different Concentrations of Cooking Salt and Cane Sugar

Madurese s;picy dried beef is an indegenious sun dried meat incorporating cooking salt, cane sugar and spices and have not been explored scientifically. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of different concentrations of cooking salt and cane sugar on physico-chemical and organoleptic quality of Madurese spicy dried beef. Randomized Block Design with two factors namely concentration of cooking salt （1%, 2% and 3% w/w） and cane sugar （3%, 6% and 9% w/w）, and three replications were used in this study. The increasing amount of either cooking salt and cane sugar incorporated during preparation affected the samples salt, total sugar and moisture contents as well as it＇s aw value and texture of end products. From the organoleptic properties it was found that these treatments only affected the taste of spicy dried beef. Best sample was obtained from incorporating 3% cooking salt and 6% cane sugar with moisture content： 7.11%, aw： 0.354, salt content： 8.17%, total sugar content： 16.91%, texture： 0.0107 kiloNewton and panelists scores tbr texture 5.03; taste 4.53 and colour 5.31. Amino acids profile analysis of best sample showed that the most dominant amino acid was Glutamic acid （7.34%） followed by Aspartic acid （4.15%）, Lysine （3.30%） and Leucine （3.22%）. It can be concluded that to get the best spicy dried beef, the amount of 3% cooking salt and 6% cane sugar should be incorporated during preparation.

Herbicidal Activity of Chlorimuron-ethyl （107 g/kg） Associated with Metribuzin （643 g/kg） on Sugar Cane Weeds and Its Effects on Soil Agrochemical Properties, in Burkina Faso

The efficiency and selectivity of chlorimuron-ethyl （107 g/kg） associated with metribuzin （643 g/kg）, against weeds which causes big damages to sugar cane, have been studied on the sugar cane field of Beregadougou. The experimental design was a Latin rectangle with eight treatments in four replications including an untreated control, manual weeding, a control product （Trifloxysulfuron-sdium 1.85% ＋ Ametryn 73.15%） and five rates of chlorimuron-ethyl associated with metribuzin. Weeds counting and weighing their dry biomass have been done using 0.25 m2 quadrants to determine their biological efficiencies. The soil nitrogen nitrate and assimilable phosphorus contents were evaluated on a spectrophotometer, those of available potassium on a flame photometer. The biological efficiency coefficients of this herbicide, varied from 12.41% to 100%, according to their dry biomass. High rates, phytotoxics, showed the best coefficients. At the sugar cane complete maturation, the higher rates of imposter led to an accumulation of nitrogen nitrate content and lower available phosphorus and potassium contents, compared to the untreated control. The rate of 1.20 kg/ha became the dose to apply against weeds and less toxic to the soil.

Adsorption Isotherm of BET Nitrogen of Concretes with Consolidated Soil by Sugar Cane Molasses

Sugar cane molasses is often poured out on roads with soil in the city of Nkayi,Republic of Congo in order to reduce the dust.Nitrogen physical adsorption has allowed us to collect information on the state of the accessible total area according to the quantity of sugar cane molasses.The adsorption isotherms,the specific area,the adsorbed quantity of nitrogen on a Qm mono layer,the number of molecules constituting the adsorbed sugar cane molasses(n′)have been examined.The obtained results show that the quantity of sugar cane molasses in the material does not modify the adsorption isotherm of nitrogen of type IV that remains and a hysteria loop of type H4 in all samples,this justifies the monocoat-multicoat adsorption mechanism with capillary condensation and mesopores presence in the structure of materials.Materials with elaborated raw soil by clayey fine soil used are mesoporous materials.More of 50×1018 molecules constituting sugar cane molasses occupy the extreme area accessible to soil clay,without occupying on accessible sites.

Microstructure of Fine Clay Soils Stabilized with Sugarcane Molasses

Sugar cane molasses has proved cohesive and excellent performance on soil aggregates (fine particles). However, the microstructure of consolidated soil by the molasses is not yet subjected to research. The analysis results of sample without molasses (0%) and consolidated samples at 8%, 12%, and 16% show that the molasses acts on the structure of clayey fine soil developing its microstructure of airy matrix type (sample without molasses (0%) to a microstructure of a qualified type, more solid. Consolidated samples to 8%, 12%, 16% of molasses). We also observe the presence of inter-aggregate pores (mesopores) of similar size in all samples. The results of porosimetrical analyses (BJH) of the sample without molasses and consolidated samples to 8%, 12%, and 16% show that simultaneous porous volumes of samples are reduced with the increasing of molasses quantity. This latter, therefore, acts on the porous volume (micropore 2 nm and mesopore 9 nm) by reducing them which really means, molasses occupies the porous volume of the sample. However, this sample seems not to have any effect on the size of mesopores 9 nm. Thus, this product induces the evolution of the soil structure towards the highly dense and condensed structure. Consequently, materials in consolidated soil by molasses will have mechanical properties far superior to those of materials consolidated soil without molasses.

Enhanced bioethanol production from sugarcane bagasse:combination of liquid hot water and deep eutectic solvent pretreatment for optimized enzymatic saccharification

In the present study,a sustainable pretreatment methodology combining liquid hot water and deep eutectic solvent is proposed for the efficient fractionation of hemicellulose,cellulose,and lignin from sugarcane bagasse,thereby facilitating the comprehensive utilization of both C5 and C6 sugars.The application of this combined pretreatment strategy to sugarcane bagasse led to notable enhancements in enzymatic saccharification and subsequent fermentation.Experiment results demonstrate that liquid hot water-deep eutectic solvent pretreatment yielded 85.05±0.66 g·L^(-1)of total fermentable sugar(glucose:60.96±0.21 g·L^(-1),xylose:24.09±0.87 g·L^(-1))through enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse.Furthermore,fermentation of the pretreated sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate yielded 34.33±3.15 g·L^(-1)of bioethanol.These findings confirm the effectiveness of liquid hot water-deep eutectic solvent pretreatment in separating lignocellulosic components,thus presenting a sustainable and promising pretreatment method for maximizing the valuable utilization of biomass resources.

Getting Fuel from Sucrose (Table Sugar)

This idea is based mainly on the most important biochemical process, which is the process of bioremediation, it is based on the use of anaerobic fermentation yeast/Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the conversion of sugar to alcohol and then oxidizing it to get food vinegar followed by some reactions of neutralization and heating using catalysts and increasing pressure to get water gas, or what it is called natural gas. This method produces three liters of natural gas using one liter of sugar solution. The main result of this process is getting 3 folds of natural gas from 1 liter of sugar in addition that the source of biofuel is agricultural so it is free from the organic impurities that are always present with fossil fuels would be obtained and the biofuel obtained does not cause air pollution. Glucose is fermented under anaerobic conditions to avoid the formation of bread yeast.

甘蔗糖厂滤泥中叶绿素微波辅助提取工艺优化

通过响应面法分析优化微波辅助提取甘蔗糖厂滤泥中叶绿素的工艺条件,并与传统溶剂法进行比较分析。结果表明微波辅助提取滤泥中叶绿素的最佳工艺条件为:微波辐射时间60s,提取温度34℃,液料比7:1(mL/g),最大提取量预测值为0.280mg/g,实测值为0.277mg/g,叶绿素提取量比传统工艺高出6.95%,且提取时间大大减少。

Selection of Sugar Cane Varieties with a Low Heavy Metal Accumulation Ability for the Ecological Remediation of Contaminated Farmland

How to best use farmland contaminated with low to moderate levels of heavy metals remains a challenge in many parts of the world. Here, we screened sugar cane varieties to identify those with a low ability to accumulate heavy metals and with high tolerance. These trials were conducted in arsenic （As）, lead （Pb） and Cadmium （Cd） contaminated farmland in Huanjiang County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. We tested seven varieties and found that cultivar Guiyin9 had the highest cane stem yield （187.5t ha-1 ） and sugar content （27t ha-1 ）. The concentrations of As, Pb and Cd in the cane juice of Guiyin9 were all below the maximum limit for contaminants in food. Because Guiyin9 showed low accumulation of the heavy metals tested here and produced a high cane stem yield, this cultivar could be planted as a valuable crop in large areas of southern China contaminated with low to moderate levels of heavy metals.

甘蔗糖厂的“蔗饭”问题及杀菌剂

详细地讨论了糖厂“蔗饭”的产生原因及其对制糖过程所造成的不良影响。介绍了压榨车间的杀菌消毒方法和杀菌剂，并根据1995～1996年对我国100多间糖厂的调查，介绍了杀菌剂的应用情况。

生物酶解法提取甘蔗糖厂滤泥中叶绿素的研究

以甘蔗糖厂滤泥为材料,用体积分数95%的酒精为提取溶剂,研究添加纤维素酶和果胶酶提取叶绿素的实验。在单因素实验基础上,选取混合酶酶解温度、混合酶酶解时间、料液比为自变量,叶绿素的提取量为响应值,根据BoxBehnken中心组合实验设计原理采用三因素三水平的响应面分析法,研究各自变量及其交互作用对叶绿素提取量的影响,模拟得到二次多项式回归方程的预测模型。结果表明,果胶酶和纤维素酶混合使用比单一酶的提取效率高,叶绿素的最优提取工艺参数为:纤维素酶和果胶酶混合质量比2∶1,添加混合酶总量1.6g/100g,混合酶酶解温度49℃,酶解时间3h,料液比1∶8(g/mL)。在此条件下叶绿素的提取量为0.211mg/g,比传统溶剂提取法高出8%。

关于甘蔗糖厂锅炉能量分析方法的比较研究

甘蔗制糖业是广西支柱产业,并且是高能耗行业。以某日榨7000吨的甘蔗糖厂为例,对其锅炉分别使用焓分析和分析法进行了能量分析,将结果进行对比分析,效率比热效率低一半左右。揭示了糖厂锅炉的能耗本质,为糖厂锅炉的节能降耗优化改造提供了理论支持。

甘蔗糖厂生产成本管理和决策模型

本文通过运用成本核算的方法和计算机应用软件编写的原则，结合甘蔗糖厂生产的实际，以各生产车间（部门）为对象建立适用于微机管理的系统模型；对制糖企业控制生产成本提高效益有指导作用。

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定甘蔗糖厂积垢中钙镁

甘蔗糖厂积垢多存在于蒸发罐、糖浆过滤器及煮糖罐中,对生产过程和产品质量都有不利影响。对糖厂蒸发罐、糖浆过滤器以及甲膏煮糖罐积垢进行湿法消解后,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定各积垢样品中钙、镁含量,并对结果进行分析比较。运用该方法测得各积垢中钙含量为206～266 mg/kg,RSD值为0.21～2.28,加标回收率为97.4%～103.5%;镁含量为0.4～2.22 mg/kg,RSD值为1.31～3.34,加标回收率为95.2%～106.4%,具有较好的准确度和精确度。

糖厂锅炉减排节能的研究与实践

针对糖厂锅炉排污率居高不下的问题,提出设定锅炉给水含糖量的上限值,以及采用锅炉连续排污自动监控装置的综合技改方案,在保证锅炉蒸汽品质合格的情况下,将锅炉的排污率严格控制在3%以内,实现糖厂锅炉减排节能的目标。

消除亚法甘蔗糖厂滤泥污染的工艺研究

消除亚法甘蔗糖厂滤泥污染的工艺是直接将滤泥投入泥水混合器,与热水直接混合,形成可泵送的稀泥浆,然后用泵将稀泥浆作为压榨渗透水送到甘蔗压榨生产线上,与新入压榨生产线的甘蔗一同压榨,有效地消除亚法甘蔗糖厂产生的滤泥,滤泥中不能燃烧的物质最终以锅炉炉灰的形式排放。该工艺能较妥善地解决滤泥不外运和再利用的问题,并将获得显著的经济效益和环境效益。

超声波辅助提取甘蔗糖厂滤泥中叶绿素的研究

实验以甘蔗糖厂滤泥为原料,在单因素实验基础上确定正交试验因素及水平,采用正交试验对甘蔗糖厂滤泥中叶绿素的提取工艺进行研究,确定利用超声波辅助法提取甘蔗糖厂滤泥中叶绿素的最佳工艺条件。结果表明:各因素对叶绿素提取量的影响程度依次为超声功率>超声时间>料液比;当料液比1∶30(g/mL)、超声时间20min、超声功率800W时,叶绿素的提取量最高,最终测定叶绿素的提取量为0.236mg/g。