Long-term efficacy and safety of cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy with long injection needle for internal hemorrhoids

BACKGROUND Hemorrhoids are a common anal condition and can afflict an individual at any age.Epidemiological survey results in China show that the prevalence of anorectal diseases is as high as 50.1%among which 98.08%of patients have hemorrhoid symptoms.AIM To assess long-term efficacy and safety of cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy(CAES)with long injection needle for internal hemorrhoids.METHODS This study was retrospective.Data from patients with symptomatic internal hemorrhoids treated with CAES using endoscopic long injection needle from April 2016 to December 2019 were collected.Patients were telephoned and followed at two time points,December 2020 and 2021,to evaluate the improvements in symptoms,complications,recurrence,and satisfaction.RESULTS Two hundreds and one patients with internal hemorrhoids underwent CAES with the long needle.The first median follow-up was performed 33 mo postoperatively.Symptoms improved in 87.5%of patients after the first CAES.Efficacy did not decrease with treatment time extension.Fifty-four patients underwent colonoscopy after the first CAES treatment of which 21 underwent CAES again,and 4 underwent hemorrhoidectomy.At the first follow-up,62.7%of patients had both improved hemorrhoid grades and symptoms,and 27.4%had a significant improvement in both parameters.At the second follow-up,61.7%of the patients showed satisfactory improvement in their hemorrhoid grade and symptoms when compared with pre-surgery values.90%of patients reported CAES was painless,and 85%were satisfied/very satisfied with CAES treatment outcomes.CONCLUSION The present study based on the largest sample size reported the long-term follow-up of the treatment for internal hemorrhoid with the CAES using endoscopic long injection needle.Our findings demonstrate that CAES should be a micro-invasive endoscopic technology yields satisfactory long-term efficacy and safety.

Cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy for hemorrhoids: Methods, feasibility and efficacy

AIM: To evaluate the methodology, feasibility, safety and efficacy of a novel method called cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy(CAES) for internal hemorrhoids.METHODS: A pilot study on CAES for grade Ⅰ to Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids was performed. Colon and terminal ileum examination by colonoscopy was performed for all patients before starting CAES. Polypectomy and excision of anal papilla fibroma were performed if polyps or anal papilla fibroma were found and assessed to be suitable for resection under endoscopy. CAES was performed based on the requirement of the cap, endoscope, disposable endoscopic long injection needle, enough insufflated air and sclerosing agent.RESULTS: A total of 30 patients with grade Ⅰ to Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids was included. The follow-up was more than four weeks. No bleeding was observed after CAES. One(3.33%) patient claimed mild tenesmus within four days after CAES in that an endoscopist performed this procedure for the first time. One hundred percent of patients were satisfied with this novel procedure, especially for those patients who underwent CAES in conjunction with polypectomy or excision of anal papilla fibroma.CONCLUSION: CAES as a novel endoscopic sclerotherapy should be a convenient, safe and effective flexible endoscopic therapy for internal hemorrhoids.

Outcomes of endoscopic sclerotherapy for jejunal varices at the site of choledochojejunostomy (with video): Three case reports

BACKGROUND Hemorrhage associated with varices at the site of choledochojejunostomy is an unusual,difficult to treat,and often fatal manifestation of portal hypertension.So far,no treatment guidelines have been established.CASE SUMMARY We reported three patients with jejunal varices at the site of choledochojejun-ostomy managed by endoscopic sclerotherapy with lauromacrogol/α-butyl cyanoacrylate injection at our institution between June 2021 and August 2023.We reviewed all patient records,clinical presentation,endoscopic findings and treatment,outcomes and follow-up.Three patients who underwent pancre-aticoduodenectomy with a Whipple anastomosis were examined using conven-tional upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for suspected hemorrhage from the afferent jejunal loop.Varices with stigmata of recent hemorrhage or active he-morrhage were observed around the choledochojejunostomy site in all three patients.Endoscopic injection of lauromacrogol/α-butyl cyanoacrylate was carried out at jejunal varices for all three patients.The bleeding ceased and patency was observed for 26 and 2 months in two patients.In one patient with multiorgan failure and internal environment disturbance,rebleeding occurred 1 month after endoscopic sclerotherapy,and despite a second endoscopic sclero-therapy,repeated episodes of bleeding and multiorgan failure resulted in eventual death.CONCLUSION We conclude that endoscopic sclerotherapy with lauromacrogol/α-butyl cyanoac-rylate injection can be an easy,effective,safe and low-cost treatment option for jejunal varicose bleeding at the site of choledochojejunostomy.

Endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding for the treatment of grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids:A prospective,multi-center,randomized study

BACKGROUND Endoscopic rubber band ligation(ERBL)is a nonsurgical technique for the treatment of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids but is limited by recurrence and post-procedural pain.AIM To evaluate satisfaction,long-term recurrence,and post-procedural pain in managing internal hemorrhoids using a combination of polidocanol foam sclerotherapy and ERBL.METHODS This was a prospective,multicenter,randomized study.A total of 195 consecutive patients diagnosed with grade II-III internal hemorrhoids were enrolled from four tertiary hospitals and randomly divided into a cap-assisted endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding(EFSB)or an ERBL group.All patients were followed-up for 12 months.Symptom-based severity and post-procedural pain were assessed using a hemorrhoid severity score(HSS)and a visual analog scale(VAS).Continuous variables were reported as medians and interquartile range.RESULTS One hundred and ninety-five patients were enrolled,with 98 in the EFSB group.HSS was lower in the EFSB group than in the ERBL group at 8 weeks[4.0(3.0-5.0)vs 5.0(4.0-6.0),P=0.003]and 12-month[2.0(1.0-3.0)vs 3.0(2.0-3.0),P<0.001]of follow-up.The prolapse recurrence rate was lower in the EFSB group at 12 months(11.2%vs 21.6%,P=0.038).Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that EFSB treatment[B=-0.915,95%confidence interval(CI):−1.301 to−0.530,P=0.001]and rubber band number(B=0.843,95%CI:0.595-1.092,P<0.001)were negatively and independently associated with the VAS score 24 hours post-procedure.The median VAS was lower in the EFSB group than in the ERBL[2.0(1.0-3.0)vs 3.0(2.0-4.0),P<0.001].CONCLUSION Cap-assisted EFSB provided long-term satisfaction and effective relief from the recurrence of prolapse and pain 24 hours post-procedure.

Endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding for the treatment of Grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids:The focus of clinical practice

We have read the article by Qu et al with great interest,as it presents an inte-gration of endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerotherapy with rubber band ligation in patients with Grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids.The authors conducted a prospective,multicenter,randomized study to evaluate the long-term sympto-matic and endoscopic efficacy of this combined intervention.In this discussion,we focus on the procedural steps of this combined strategy and suggest potential avenues for future research.

Self-expanding metal stent for relieving the stricture after endoscopic injection for esophageal varices

BACKGROUND Esophageal stricture is one of the complications after esophageal varices sclero-therapy injection(ESI),and the incidence rate is between 2%-10%.AIM To explore the efficacy of self-expanding metal stent(SEMS)for the stricture after endoscopic injection with cyanoacrylate(CYA)and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of SEMS to improve the stricture after endoscopic injection with CYA and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices in 4 patients from February 2023 to June 2023.RESULTS The strictures were improved in four patients after stenting.The stent was removed after two weeks because of chest pain with embedding into esophageal mucosa in one patient.The stent was removed after one month,however,the stent was reinserted because of the strictures happening again in two patients.The stent was removed after three months,however,the stent was reinserted because of the strictures happening again in one patient.The stent embedded into esophageal mucosa in three patients.There were 3 patients suffered reflux esophagitis,and the acid reflux was relieved by taking hydrotalcite.There was no other complication of esophageal perforation,bleeding from varices or infection.CONCLUSION SEMS may relieve the stricture which happened after endoscopic injection with CYA and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.However,when we should remove the stent still needs to be explored.

Redefining hemorrhoid therapy with endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding

Hemorrhoids are a common and painful condition,with conventional treatments such as endoscopic rubber band ligation(ERBL)and injection sclerotherapy often falling short due to high recurrence rates and significant post-operative pain.A clinical trial by Qu et al introduces a novel approach called endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding(EFSB).This multicenter randomized trial involved 195 patients with grade II and III internal hemorrhoids and demonstrated that EFSB significantly reduced recurrence rates and post-procedural pain while improving symptom relief and patient satisfaction compared to ERBL.The study's strengths include its robust design,comprehensive outcome evaluation,and patient-centered approach.Despite limitations such as the single-blind design and relatively short follow-up period,the findings suggest that EFSB could enhance clinical practice by offering a more effective and patient-friendly treatment option.Further research is needed to validate these results and explore the long-term benefits and cost-effectiveness of EFSB.

New treatment for gastric duplication cyst:Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration combined with lauromacrogol sclerotherapy:A case report

BACKGROUND Gastric duplication cysts are very rare disease that are mainly diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonographic fine-needle aspiration biopsy.In the past,this disease was usually treated with traditional surgery and rarely with minimally invasive endoscopic surgery.However,minimally invasive endoscopic therapy has many advantages,such as no skin wound,organ preservation,postoperative pain reduction,early food intake,fewer postoperative complications,and shorter post-procedure hospitalization.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)combined with lauromacrogol sclerotherapy for pyloric obstruction due to gastric duplication cysts.CONCLUSION EUS-FNA combined with lauromacrogol sclerotherapy provides a new option for the treatment of gastrointestinal duplication cysts.

Hypertrophic Anal Papillotomy by Transparent Cap-Assisted Endoscopic Hot Snare Resection

Background/Aim: Conventional treatment for hypertrophic anal papillae (HAP) has effectiveness and safety concerns. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of transparent cap-assisted endoscopic hot snare resection for the treatment of HAP. Methods: Endoscopic and clinical data of patients treated with transparent cap-assisted endoscopic hot snare resection for HAP at the Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University from June 2019 to June 2021, were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 56 patients with HAP were treated with transparent cap-assisted endoscopic hot snare resection, including 53 patients (94.6%) with single hypertrophic anal papillae and 3 patients (5.4%) with multiple HAP;51 patients (83.6%) with basal diameter <5 mm and 10 patients (16.4%) with basal diameter ≥5 mm. The procedures that were performed together with transparent cap-assisted endoscopic hot snare resection for HAP treatment included total colon examination in 56 cases (100%), endoscopic polypectomy in 20 cases (35.7%), endoscopic sclerotherapy for hemorrhoids in 29 cases (51.8%), and endoscopic rubber band ligation for hemorrhoids in 11 cases (19.6%). No patient experienced bleeding during or after HAP with transparent cap-assisted endoscopic hot snare resection. Pain level was evaluated by the visual analog score (VAS) method. 52 patients (92.9%) did not have pain and 4 patients (7.1%) had mild pain 3 days after surgery. At a postoperative follow-up of 2 to 18 months, patient satisfaction with transparent cap-assisted endoscopic hot snare resection for HAP treatment was 100% (56/56). Conclusion: Transparent cap-assisted endoscopic hot snare resection is safe and effective for treating HAP.

Role of combined propofol and sufentanil anesthesia in endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices

AIM To investigate the efficacy and safety of a combination of sufentanil and propofol injection in patients undergoing endoscopic injection sclerotherapy(EIS) for esophageal varices(EVs). METHODS Patients with severe EVs who underwent EIS with sufentanil and propofol anesthesia between April 2016 and July 2016 at our hospital were reviewed. Although EIS and sequential therapy were performed under endotracheal intubation, we only evaluated the efficacy and safety of anesthesia for the first EIS procedure. Patients were intravenously treated with 0.5-1 μg/kg sufentanil. Anesthesia was induced with 1-2 mg/kg propofol and maintained using 2-5 mg/kg per hour of propofol. Information, regarding age, sex, weight, American Association of Anesthesiologists(ASA) physical status, Child-Turcotte-Pugh(CTP) classification, indications, preanesthetic problems, endoscopic procedure, successful completion of the procedure, anesthesia time, recovery time, and anesthetic agents, was recorded. Adverse events, including hypotension, hypertension, bradycardia, and hypoxia, were also noted.RESULTS Propofol and sufentanil anesthesia was provided in 182 procedures involving 140 men and 42 women aged 56.1± 11.7 years(range, 25-83 years). The patients weighed 71.4 ± 10.7 kg(range, 45-95 kg) and had ASA physical status classifications of Ⅱ(79 patients) or Ⅲ(103 patients). Ninety-five patients had a CTP classification of A and 87 had a CTP classification of B. Intravenous anesthesia was successful in all cases. The mean anesthesia time was 33.1 ± 5.8 min. The mean recovery time was 12.3 ± 3.7 min. Hypotension occurred in two patients(1.1%, 2/182). No patient showed hypertension during the endoscopic therapy procedure. Bradycardia occurred in one patient(0.5%, 1/182), and hypoxia occurred in one patient(0.5%, 1/182). All complications were easily treated with no adverse sequelae. All endoscopic procedures were completed successfully.CONCLUSION The combined use of propofol and sufentanil injection in endotracheal intubation-assisted EIS for EVs is effective and safe.

Successful endoscopic sclerotherapy for bleeding gastric varices with combined cyanoacrylate and aethoxysklerol

Two patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hyper-tension related to hepatitis infection were admitted to Shanghai Ruijin Hospital due to recurrent melena and hematemesis. Isolated gastric varices were observed in the gastric fundus during the retroflexion of gastroscope. We carried out endoscopic sclerotherapy successfully for bleeding gastric varices with combined cyanoacrylate and aethoxysklerol, which disappeared dramatically several months after two courses of sclerotherapy for each patient. No complication and clinical signs of gastrointestinal re-bleeding were observed during the 6-mo endoscopic follow-up. CT portal angiography (CTPA) has been widely used in the assessment of variceal treatment and improves the results of endoscopic injection therapy.

Natural history of a randomized trial comparing distal spleno-renal shunt with endoscopic sclerotherapy in the prevention of variceal rebleeding:A lesson from the past

AIM: To compare endoscopic sclerotherapy (ES) with distal splenorenal shunt (DSRS) in the prevention of recurrent variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients during a long-term follow-up period. METHODS: In 1984 we started a prospective, controlled study of patients with liver cirrhosis. Long-term follow-up presents a natural history of liver cirrhosis complicated by advanced portal hypertension. In this study the effects of 2 types of treatment, DSRS or ES, were evaluated. The study population included 80 patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension referred to our department from October 1984 to March 1991. These patients were drawn from a pool of 282 patients who underwent either elective surgery or ES during the same period of time. Patients were assigned to one of the 2 groups according to a random number table: 40 to DSRS and 40 to ES using polidocanol. RESULTS: During the postoperative period, no DSRS patient died, while one ES patient died of uncontrolled hemorrhage. One DSRS patient had mild recurrent variceal hemorrhage despite an angiographically patent DSRS and another patient suffered duodenal ulcer rebleeding. Eight ES patients suffered at least one episode of gastrointestinal bleeding: 4 from varices and 4 from esophageal ulcerations. Eight ES patients developed transitory dysphagia. Long-term follow- up was completed in all patients except for 5 cases (2 DSRS and 3 ES patients). Five-year survival rates for shunt (73%) and ES (56%) groups were statistically different: in this follow-up period and in subsequent follow-ups this difference decreased and ceased to be of statistical relevance. The primary cause of deathbecame hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Four DSRS patients rebled due to duodenal ulcer, while eleven ES patients had recurrent bleeding from esophago-gastric sources (seven from varices, three from hypertensive gastropathy, one from esophageal ulcerations) and two from unknown sources. Nine DSRS and 2 ES patients developed a chronic encephalopathy; 13 DSRS and 5 ES patients suffered at least one episode of acute encephalopathy. Five ES patients had esophageal stenoses, which were successfully dilated. CONCLUSION: In a subgroup of patients with good liver function, DSRS with a correct portal-azygos disconnection more effectively prevents variceal rebleeding than ES. However, this positive effect did not influence the long-term survival because other factors (e.g. HCC) were more important in deciding the fate of the cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension.

Does endoscopic sclerotherapy in filarial chyluria affect renal function and morphology? A prospective study using dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan

Objective:To look for change in relative renal function and document renal scarring following endoscopic renal pelvic instillation sclerotherapy(RPIS)in patients with chyluria by dimercaptosuccinic acid(DMSA)renal scan.Methods:A prospective study was performed between November 2015 and September 2016.All patients with biochemically documented chyluria who underwent RPIS using either 1%-silver nitrate or 0.1%-povidine iodine were included.Patients received either 3-,6-or 9-doses.DMSA renal scan was performed before and 2e3 months after sclerotherapy.Results:Of the 34 patients,22 were males.Mean age was 41.08±16.64 years(range,15-70 years).Thirty-two patients(94.1%)responded to therapy while two did not respond even after 9-doses.Average follow-up was 8.94±3.70 months.The mean relative renal function(preinstillation)of normal kidney was 50.76%±3.55%while that of affected renal unit(side of instillation)was 49.20%±3.44%(range,43.0%-61.0%).After instillation therapy,the mean relative renal function of normal side was 52.26%±3.57%while that of affected renal unit was 47.50%±3.56%(range,41.0%-54.0%).The relative renal function did not change>5%from the baseline value in any patient except one(in which the differential function increased paradoxically by 12%).Two patients developed renal scar in post-instillation renal scan.Conclusion:Endoscopic sclerotherapy in chyluria is safe and effective.The relative renal function does not deteriorate by more than 5%.There is a small risk of development of renal scar.More studies involving larger number of patients are needed to answer this dilemma.

Management of gastric variceal bleeding:Role of endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound

Gastric varices(GVs)are notorious to bleed massively and often difficult to manage with conventional techniques.This mini-review addresses endoscopic management principles for gastric variceal bleeding,including limitations of ligation and sclerotherapy and merits of endoscopic variceal obliteration.The article also discusses how emerging use of endoscopic ultrasound provides optimism of better diagnosis,improved classification,innovative management strategies and confirmatory tool for eradication of GVs.

Endoscopic therapy for esophageal hematoma with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome

A 57-year-old woman previously diagnosed with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome(BRBNS) reported hematemesis. BRBNS is a rare vascular anomaly syndrome consisting of multifocal hemangiomas of the skin and gastrointestinal(GI) tract but her GI tract had never been examined. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a large bleeding esophageal hematoma positioned between the thoracic esophagus and the gastric cardia. An endoscopic injection of polidocanol was used to stop the hematoma from bleeding. The hematoma was incised using the injectionneedle to reduce the pressure within it. Finally, argon plasma coagulation(APC) was applied to the edge of the incision. The esophageal hematoma disappeared seven days later. Two months after the endoscopic the rapy, the eso phage alulcerhealed and the hemangioma did not relapse. This rare case of a large esophageal hematoma originating from a hemangioma with BRBNS was treated using a combination of endoscopic therapy with polidocanol injection, incision, and APC.

透明帽辅助内镜下硬化术治疗内痔的疗效评估

目的 探讨透明帽辅助内镜下硬化术(CAES)治疗内痔的疗效。方法 选取2021年1月至2022年5月该院收治的70例Ⅰ~Ⅲ期内痔患者,按照随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,各35例。对照组进行胶圈套扎治疗,研究组进行CAES治疗。比较两组术后3个月疗效、临床指标(手术时间、住院时间、住院费用)、术后3 d疼痛程度、预后情况及满意度。结果 研究组术后3个月总有效率、满意度均高于对照组,手术时间、住院时间均短于对照组,住院费用、术后3 d疼痛程度、并发症总发生率、复发率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 CAES治疗内痔的效果较好,术后疼痛轻、并发症少、恢复快,可缩短住院时间,减少住院费用,且复发率低,患者满意度较高,值得在临床推广应用。

手法按摩在内镜下泡沫硬化剂注射治疗Ⅰ度出血性内痔中的价值

目的 评价手法按摩对内镜下泡沫硬化剂注射治疗Ⅰ度内痔术后并发症的影响。方法 前瞻性纳入连续就诊的Ⅰ度内痔患者133例,完成内镜下泡沫硬化剂注射治疗。术后随机分为按摩组(n=65)和对照组(n=68),按摩组行肛周手法按摩。采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评价术后肛周疼痛情况,比较术后出血情况、短期疗效和长期疗效。结果 按摩组,术后24 h VAS为1.0 (0.0,3.0)分,明显低于对照组的2.0(1.0,4.0)分,差异有统计学意义(P=0.014);按摩组术后1周未出血者占84.6%,明显高于对照组的64.7%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.009)。术后12周、6个月和12个月,两组患者短期治愈率和长期治愈率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 内镜下泡沫硬化剂注射后行手法按摩,有利于缓解Ⅰ度内痔术后疼痛,减少出血。

球囊压迫辅助下内镜硬化剂注射治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化并发食管静脉曲张患者疗效研究

目的探讨球囊压迫辅助下内镜硬化剂注射术(bc-EIS)治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化并发食管静脉曲张(EV)患者的疗效。方法2020年1月~2022年1月我院诊治的78例失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化并发EV患者,被随机分为对照组39例和观察组39例,分别给予内镜下EV套扎术(EVL)治疗或bc-EIS治疗,术后随访1年。使用超声检测门静脉内径(PVD)、门静脉流速(PVV)、脾静脉内径(SVD)和脾静脉流速(SVV)。结果在首次治疗后3个月内,观察组EV根除率为100.0%,显著高于对照组的89.7%(x^(2)=4.216,P=0.040);观察组EV根除次数、累计住院时间和治疗费用分别为(1.6±0.3)次、(7.7±1.0)d和(1.9±0.6)万元,显著少于或短于对照组【分别为(2.4±0.5)次、(10.1±1.3)d和(2.6±0.7)万元,P<0.05】;治疗前后,两组PVD、PVV、SVD和SVV变化无显著性差异(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组食管溃疡发生率为35.9%,显著高于对照组的17.9%(P<0.05);在随访12 m时,观察组病死率为15.4%,与对照组的23.1%比,无显著性差异(P>0.05)。两组生存患者比较,观察组EV复发和EVB发生率分别为3.0%和6.1%,显著低于对照组(分别为26.7%和33.3%,P<0.01)。结论bc-EIS可通过改善门静脉及脾静脉血流动力学提升失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化并发EV患者疗效,降低EV复发和再出血发生几率,且能够减轻患者经济负担,有一定临床推广价值。

CAES治疗Ⅰ~Ⅲ度出血性内痔的效果及其术后复发影响因素

目的观察透明帽辅助内镜下硬化术(CAES)治疗Ⅰ~Ⅲ度出血性内痔的效果,并探讨其术后复发的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2020年3月至2023年3月于河南大学第一附属医院均行CAES治疗的100例Ⅰ~Ⅲ度出血性内痔患者的临床资料,统计患者围术期指标、并发症发生率及术后12个月复发率,根据术后12个月复发率分为复发组16例和未复发组84例,比较两组患者的一般资料、围术期指标和实验室指标[C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞(WBC)],采用Lasso-COX回归模型筛选Ⅰ~Ⅲ度出血性内痔术后复发的独立影响因素。结果术后1个月患者的并发症总发生率为6.00%(6/100),其中1例肛门坠胀,1例出血,3例排便困难,1例感染;复发组患者的内痔分度Ⅲ度占比、便秘发生率和糖尿病发生率分别为50.00%、62.50%、31.25%,明显高于未复发组的8.33%、19.05%、7.14%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);复发组患者术后1个月的CRP、IL-6、WBC分别为(26.64±2.88)mg/L、(20.12±3.05)pg/mL、(9.45±1.01)×109/L,明显高于未复发组的(20.12±3.56)mg/L、(11.74±2.08)pg/mL、(5.53±0.56)×109/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);依据最佳惩罚系数λ=5选出6个预测变量为便秘、糖尿病及术后1个月CRP、IL-6、WBC水平,经COX回归方程显示,便秘、糖尿病及术后1个月CRP、IL-6、WBC水平是Ⅰ~Ⅲ度出血性内痔术后复发影响因素(P<0.05)。结论便秘、糖尿病及术后1个月的CRP、IL-6、WBC水平是影响Ⅰ~Ⅲ度出血性内痔术后复发的影响因素。

三种内镜下微创治疗内痔的疗效比较及安全性评价

目的比较三种内镜下微创治疗内痔的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析2020年1月至2023年6月于绍兴市上虞人民医院行内镜治疗的222例内痔患者的临床资料,根据治疗方法将其分为单纯硬化组(40例)、单纯套扎组(114例)和联合组(68例),比较三组患者的围手术期指标、术后不良事件、有效率和满意度。结果三组患者的手术操作时间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),单纯套扎组手术操作时间最短。三组患者的术后住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单纯套扎组和联合组患者的肛门坠胀感、术后疼痛和排尿困难发生率显著高于单纯硬化组(P<0.05);单纯套扎组患者的术后出血发生率显著高于单纯硬化组和联合组(P<0.05)。三组患者的治疗有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),联合治疗效果最佳。三组患者的满意度均较高,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论三种内镜下微创治疗内痔的方法均安全有效,套扎联合硬化治疗可有效改善症状,术后迟发性出血率低,是一种安全高效的治疗方法。