Cultivation Path of Nursing Undergraduates’Scientific Research and Innovation Ability

Objective: The cultivation of the innovation ability and scientific research is one of the nursing learning objectives for undergraduate students. To explore the method and effect of training system of scientific research innovation ability of nursing undergraduates based on “3332”. Methods: Three course learning modules are constructed: stage-based course learning module, systematic project practice training module and comprehensive practice training module. A practical training platform for scientific research innovation projects is built, and undergraduate scientific research innovation ability training is carried out from both in-class and out-of-class lines. Results: Since 2017, the students have obtained 7 national innovation and entrepreneurship training programs, 52 university-level undergraduate scientific research projects, published more than 10 academic papers, and obtained 2 patent authorization. Conclusions: The training system of scientific research innovation ability of nursing undergraduates based on “3332” is conducive to the development of scientific research innovation ability of nursing students, and to cultivate nursing talents who can adapt to the development of the new era and have better post competence.

Cultivation Path of Nursing Undergraduates’ Scientific Research and Innovation Ability

Objective:The cultivation of the innovation ability and scientific research is one of the nursing learning objectives for undergraduate students.To explore the method and effect of training system of scientific research innovation ability of nursing undergraduates based on“3332”.Methods:Three course learning modules are constructed:stage-based course learning module,systematic project practice training module and comprehensive practice training module.A practical training platform for scientific research innovation projects is built,and undergraduate scientific research innovation ability training is carried out from both in-class and out-of-class lines.Results:Since 2017,the students have obtained 7 national innovation and entrepreneurship training programs,52 university-level undergraduate scientific research projects,published more than 10 academic papers,and obtained 2 patent authorization.Conclusions:The training system of scientific research innovation ability of nursing undergraduates based on“3332”is conducive to the development of scientific research innovation ability of nursing students,and to cultivate nursing talents who can adapt to the development of the new era and have better post competence.

Exploration on New Ideas for the Scientific Research Archival Management in Colleges and Universities

Scientific research archives are important parts of the archival management in colleges and universities. Scientific research archives are the direct, harsh but factual historical materials for recording the research process of researchers. A scientific and effective management of archives is helpful for promoting the development and progress of science and technology in colleges and universities. The archives can be better managed only if the train of thought for scientific research archives management ideas is known well.

Problems and Suggestions for the Scientific Research Management System of Universities

The revolution of science and technology in the new era is rising.New industries,formats,and models led by information technology are emerging.Scientific research has entered the fourth data-intensive paradigm.As an important part of the science and technology innovation system,universities also have new requirements for their scientific research management system.In this article,it is suggested that the efficiency and quality of scientific research management in universities could be enhanced by reconstructing the organizational structure of scientific research management,improve the service capabilities of scientific research managers,perfecting the scientific research evaluation system,and innovating the management model of cross-research teams.

Exploration of Scientific Research Mentorship on the Cultivation of Undergraduate Students Innovation Ability

In order to improve the quality of undergraduate training and cultivate students innovation ability,more and more colleges and universities are implementing the research mentorship system among undergraduates.The study summarizes the main role of mentorship on the cultivation of innovation ability,analyzes the problems in the implementation of mentorship,and proposes corresponding solutions.

Problems of Agricultural Technological Innovation in China and Countermeasures

Major problems of agricultural technological innovation in China were summarized as below: first,poor agricultural science and technology system; second,deficient technological promotion system; third,shortage of agricultural professionals; fourth,serious shortage of science and technology input. In view of these problems,the following suggestions were given to improve the innovation of agricultural technology in China. ( 1) Restructuring agricultural research institutes,establishing cooperative innovation centers,improving agricultural technological innovation system; ( 2) Specifying the direction of research projects,improving scientific research level of technicians,so as to improve the agricultural technological innovation capacity; ( 3) Improving promotion and service stations in towns,organizing technological service teams of agricultural universities and colleges,establishing agricultural technological promotion systems; ( 4) Increasing input in agricultural technological innovation by attracting government input,enterprise investment and other financial support; ( 5) Cultivating more talents of agricultural technology,training leading agricultural technicians,grassroots agricultural service staff and practical talents.

Agricultural research for development: Investing in Uzbekistan’s future

The paper addresses challenges on organization and funding of research and development (http://www.multitran.ru/c/m.exe?a=110&t=4200527_2_1&sc=0 R&D) in the agricultural sector. The necessity of modernization and reequipment of agricultural sector was validated, which is important sector in the economy of Uzbekistan. The paper covers issues on increasing investments in agricultural research, implementation of results of research work into the agriculture production, strengthening of innovative activities. Also, the possibility of nonstate budgetary financing of scientificresearch process in the agrarian sector was considered. Author’s view is given on the main directions of science that need to be supported as a foundation of further development of agricultural R&D and as a result the agricultural production.

An intersectional gender analysis of familial and socio-cultural drivers of inequitable scientific career progression of researchers in Sub-Saharan Africa

Background:Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA)suffers from a dearth of concrete information on the causes of women’s under-representation in scientific research workforce particularly at higher levels compared with the wealth of information that exists in the global north.The goal of this study was to illuminate familial and socio-cultural drivers that contribute to intersectional gender inequities in scientific career progression in SSA to inform strategies that could promote career equity for African scientific researchers.Methods:This study was nested within the context of‘Developing Excellence in Leadership,Training and Science in Africa’(DELTAS Africa)—a health-based scientific research capacity strengthening initiative.It adopted an exploratory qualitative cross-sectional study design.In-depth interviews were conducted among 58(32 Female and 26 Male)trainees/research fellows at various career stages,affiliated to three purposively selected African Research Consortia.The interviews were conducted between May and December 2018 in English.The data were analysed inductively based on emergent themes.Results:The study participants were nationals of thirteen SSA countries.More female than male participants had young children.Four themes were identified.They illustrate women’s and men’s characterisation of the normative career pathway and progression requirements which calls for significant‘time’commitments(theme 1),and how social power relations of gender within the family and wider society shapes their participation in scientific research activities(theme 2).This culminates in researchers’’differential experiences of navigating between the‘two different lives’—family and career,and the resultant implications for their career progression and personal well-being(theme 3).Women researchers made different and conscious trade-offs for navigating the‘two different lives’by utilising various metaphors such as the‘biological clock and career clock’,the‘glass ball and rubber ball’,and the concept of‘sacrifice’(theme 4).Conclusions:This study is the first of its kind to demonstrate how intersectional gender analysis through use of qualitative research methods may provide novel insights into the hidden familial and socio-cultural drivers of gender inequitable scientific research career progression.It offers important policy and practice measures and approaches for fostering career equity for women and men scientists within research capacity strengthening initiatives in SSA.

Innovation capacity and the role of information systems:a qualitative study

Today businesses are facing radical transformations through digitalization of services and products.Accordingly,their ability to innovate is increasingly linked to the capacity to innovate through information and communication technologies(ICTs).This article investigates the role of information systems(IS)as a key factor for innovation capacity.To this end,the article discusses an interpretive framework for understanding the degree of capacity of innovation through information systems(IS)reached by a given company and the contradictions that bound its evolution.An interpretive study is also presented,where the framework has been applied to seven French companies from various industries.Consistently with the framework,the interviews address process areas and practices related to three core categories:management,innovation engineering and support.The study reveals seven fundamental contradictions that can explain the main tendencies observed across the companies.

Study on Training Ways of Marine Science and Technology Talents Based on Behavior Analysis

Firstly,the behavior of marine science and technology talents,such as scientific research,innovation,agglomeration and flow behavior,was analyzed,and then the problems in the training of marine science and technology talents were discussed.Finally,the training ways of marine science and technology talents were proposed.

实验教学中心在科研训练和学科竞赛管理方面的探索与实践

创新型人才培养是实现高水平科技自立自强的必然要求,大学生的科研训练和实验竞赛对创新型人才培养发挥了重要作用。本文结合中山大学化学国家级实验教学示范中心建设的实际情况,对近年来组织实施本科生开展创新实验项目和学科竞赛的情况、遇到的问题及取得的成效进行介绍和分析,探讨实验教学中心如何发挥资源优势,更好地管理和组织本科生的科研训练和学科竞赛,有效培养大学生的科研思维和实践能力,进一步提升创新型人才的培养水平。

创新驱动下的临床专科能力建设策略研究

目的进一步推进临床重点专科建设“百千万工程”,探索强化临床专科能力建设的有效举措。方法以某大型三级甲等医院为样本医院,采用智力激励法、专题小组讨论法、案例分析法,运用鱼骨图等质量工具展开研究。结果分析临床专科能力建设存在的问题与短板,从体系创新、模式创新、技术创新、管理创新4个方面,梳理临床专科能力建设举措并系统性评价建设成效。结论基于“4个创新”的有力实践,促进临床专科发展,带动诊疗能力和水平的提升,助力公立医院高质量发展。

基于研究生科学创新思维和科研素质培养的“分子生物学”课程教学改革

创新能力是当前研究生培养的核心目标,在课程教学中培养学生的科学创新思维是研究生创新能力培养的重要环节。为满足国家对“新医科”创新型人才培养的需求,以生物医学类专业的基础课程“分子生物学”为例,探索以培养研究生科学创新思维、科研素质为目标的教学改革模式,通过开展案例教学、经典文献解析、课堂分享和讨论、学术报告和专题讲座等多种形式的教学活动,培养学生科学思维和创新思维,建立多元评价体系,综合评价研究生的知识运用能力和科研素质。

产学研合作、知识吸收能力与企业创新绩效——高管学术背景与政府创新补贴的调节作用

在梳理产学研合作与企业创新绩效关系研究的基础上,结合交易成本理论、资源基础理论以及高层梯队理论,以2010-2021年中国A股上市公司为研究样本,探讨产学研合作对企业创新绩效的促进作用及机制,并将高管学术背景和政府创新补贴作为调节变量纳入研究框架。实证分析发现:产学研合作对企业创新绩效发挥显著促进作用;当企业具有学术背景的高管比例较高时,这一效应更加显著;高水平政府创新补贴同样能够增强这一效应。中介效应检验发现,企业参与产学研合作对其知识吸收能力具有显著促进作用,同时,企业可以通过提升知识吸收能力,增强自身对环境变化感知的敏锐性与自主创新能力,进而提高创新绩效。

依托合成生物学竞赛培养创新人才的探索与实践

培养具有科研创新实践能力的人才是高校人才培养使命的重要体现。随着科教融合理念的发展,学科竞赛已成为创新型人才培养的重要支撑。本文基于合成生物学领域的顶级国际性赛事国际基因工程机器大赛(iGEM)和国内赛事合成生物学竞赛-创新赛(SynBio)对于大学生主观能动性和创造力的要求,结合南京工业大学iGEM团队连续五年的参赛历程,探索了以高水平竞赛为依托的拔尖创新人才培养模式,提出了将竞赛、科研和教学三者相结合,通过建立以兴趣为导向、学生为主体的学习模式,以创新为核心、实践为基础的科研训练,以学科交叉为特色、团队协作为基石的教育平台,促进拔尖创新人才培养的质量不断提升。

“植物生理学”理论结合实践的教学模式改革

“植物生理学”是高等农林院校植物生产类本科生的专业基础课,教学涉及的专业多,授课对象的知识结构和学习特点不断变化,且面临学时少、新知识和新技术层出不穷的窘境。因此,从甄选教学内容、丰富教学题材,改进教学方法,学以致用。建立“植物生理学”开放课堂,科研反哺教学、指导学生参加创新创业大赛、增强科研创新意识等方面对“植物生理学”进行了教学改革与实践。同时,“植物生理学”教学的研究对象选用本地的植物类型或地方品种并列举它们与当地生态环境之间的关系,使教学内容既贴近生活实际又符合学校的办学特色,既能提高学生的综合素质与实践能力,又可为培养创新型人才奠定基础。

中医药科技创新基础研究重点方向思考

本文围绕用现代科学解读中医药学原理、发挥中医药防病治病的独特优势与作用、提高中药全链条创新能力,提出了中医药科技创新基础研究的重点方向。对每个重点方向的来源依据、研究进展、研究重点及相关科学问题进行阐释,为中医药现代化基础研究提供参考。

地方高职院校“科教融汇”实施路径研究

科教融汇是高职院校内涵发展的重要内容,是培养高素质技术技能人才的重要途径,是高职院校可持续发展的核心竞争力。新时代地方高职院校要充分发挥“科教融汇”优势,本文分析地方高职院校开展“科教融汇”的必要性,积极探索“科教融汇”实施路径,通过创新科教融合模式、促进科教深度融合、深化产教融合协同育人,有效提升地方高职院校科技创新和服务能力,培养出一批高素质技术技能人才。

三级公立医院绩效考核背景下科技创新能力提升策略实践探索

科技创新是公立医院高质量发展的重要抓手。当前,医院青年人才科研起步难、交叉研究落地难、研究成果转化难等问题,制约了医院科技创新能力的提升。浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院积极响应医改政策,以问题为导向,探索并实践科技创新能力提升策略,从科研绩效评价制度改革、临床青年科技创新人才培养、科技创新平台建设、科技成果转化机制完善等方面,全方位推进医院科技创新体制机制建设,推动科技创新能力整体提升,取得了初步成效。有关实践经验可以为三级公立医院可持续高质量发展提供参考。

功能迭代中的国际科技创新中心:演进路径与风险应对

在全球化经济和社会面临严峻转型挑战的背景下,建设国际科技创新中心已经成为各国推动科技进步、加速产业升级和促进可持续发展的关键战略。在阐述国际科技创新中心的内涵特征、诞生背景与空间转移过程的基础上,从发展驱动力、创新机构来源与主导产业类型这三个维度,分析总结不同时代背景下代表性的国际科技创新中心的发展模式,可构建处于迭代中的五大核心组织功能:基础科研、集成创新、产业驱动、辐射引领与制度试验。在此基础上,归纳其在组织形式、组织载体、驱动力量、关联模式、引才策略方面具有典型意义的演进路径,提出功能迭代中的国际科技创新中心发展需积极识别并化解应对在硬科技、创新成本、创新资源,及其全球科研竞争与协作方面潜在的风险挑战。