Climate change is an alarming global challenge, particularly affecting the least developed countries (LDCs) including Liberia. These countries, located in regions prone to unpredictable temperature and precipitation c...Climate change is an alarming global challenge, particularly affecting the least developed countries (LDCs) including Liberia. These countries, located in regions prone to unpredictable temperature and precipitation changes, are facing significant challenges, particularly in climate-sensitive sectors such as mining and agriculture. LDCs need more resilience to adverse climate shocks but have limited capacity for adaptation compared to other developed and developing nations. This paper examines Liberia’s susceptibility to climate change as a least developed country, focusing on its exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. It provides an overview of LDCs and outlines the global distribution of carbon dioxide emissions. The paper also evaluates specific challenges that amplify Liberia’s vulnerability and constrain sustainable adaptation, providing insight into climate change’s existing and potential effects. The paper emphasizes the urgency of addressing climate impacts on Liberia and calls for concerted local and international efforts for effective and sustainable mitigation efforts. It provides recommendations for policy decisions and calls for further research on climate change mitigation and adaptation.展开更多
Objective:To calculate the health poverty vulnerability index of elderly households in rural areas of central and western China,and then to classify these samples,lastly to decompose their influencing factors.Methods:...Objective:To calculate the health poverty vulnerability index of elderly households in rural areas of central and western China,and then to classify these samples,lastly to decompose their influencing factors.Methods:First,based on survey data in 2018,the three-stage feasible generalized least squares was used to calculate the health poverty vulnerability index of elderly households,and then combined with whether the household income was below the poverty line and whether the family was healthy poverty vulnerability,the sample households were divided into four categories,and then used multiple unordered logistic regression to analyze various types of influencing factors,and finally used the Shapley index to decompose the contribution of each influencing factor.Results:The average vulnerability of health poverty was 0.5979±0.25199,with 1169 households greater than or equal to 0.5,accounting for 63.26%;the number of households stuck in poverty,temporary poverty,potential poverty,and escaped from poverty were 489,300,680,and 379 households,accounting for 26.46%,16.23%,36.80%,and 20.51%of the total sample;compared with escaped from poverty families,the three variables of marital status,the number of chronically ill patients,and the number of annual hospitalizations were the common influencing factors of other three types families;The Shapley decomposition showed that the interviewees’education level and family members engaged in non-agricultural work have contributed significantly to the three types,however two indicators:time required to visit a medical institution and self-assessment of health status of the main interviewees showed great differences in different types of families.Conclusion:Rural elderly households have a high level of vulnerability to health poverty;potential poverty households and persistent poverty households account for a large proportion,and continuous intervention should be carried out;it is necessary to unify the implementation of basic poverty alleviation work,but also to enhance refined management capabilities and adopt differentiated intervention measures.展开更多
Poverty is a complex social phenomenon that every country has to contend with at some point in time. Based on an analysis of poverty in China's rural areas, this article assesses the present poverty alleviation me...Poverty is a complex social phenomenon that every country has to contend with at some point in time. Based on an analysis of poverty in China's rural areas, this article assesses the present poverty alleviation measures from a new perspective. With the goal of better understanding the nature of poverty, new approaches focusing on the vulnerability to poverty are considered. Through a re-examination of the current situation and the underlying reasons for poverty in light of structural and cultural factors, this article attempts to provide new policy suggestions for dealing with poverty.展开更多
Ecology-oriented poverty alleviation is not only a livelihood project that affects the vast majority of rural people but also a major project to win the fight against poverty. It is also an indispensable income compon...Ecology-oriented poverty alleviation is not only a livelihood project that affects the vast majority of rural people but also a major project to win the fight against poverty. It is also an indispensable income component for the relocation of poor farmers. Dongchuan District,located at the intersection of Jinsha River and Xiaojiang River,is one of the key counties for poverty alleviation and development in China with a wide range of poverty and extreme poverty. The incidence of poverty reached 24. 36%. The ecology is fragile,and earthquake outbreaks frequently. Dongchuan District is a national key monitoring and defense area for earthquakes. A large number of goafs,subsidence areas and geological hazard areas have been formed in the mining area. The number of dangerous houses is large,and ' it has no way of supporting its own inhabitants' is the key point,difficulty and focus of the county’s poverty alleviation. Relocation is a must-have measure to move away from poverty. It is also complex system engineering,which is policy-oriented and difficult. Since 2017,Dongchuan District has regarded relocation has the top priority for poverty alleviation. It has strictly implemented national,provincial and municipal policies,focused on the overall goal of ' moving,securing and getting rich',and strongly promoted the relocation work for poverty alleviation. Obvious social,economic and ecological benefits have been achieved. Successful relocation,combined with ecology-oriented poverty alleviation and other targeted poverty alleviation measures,Dongchuan District’s fight against poverty has achieved a decisive victory. At the end of December 2018,the incidence of poverty in the region fell to 1. 09%,and 129 poor villages( including 86 extremely poor villages) had been successfully lifted out of poverty. This paper analyzes and condenses the specific practices,main achievements,benefits,successful experiences and implications of the region’s relocation combined with ecology-oriented poverty alleviation model,so as to provide necessary reference for the innovation of relocation in poverty-stricken counties of Yunnan Province and similar provinces( cities,districts).展开更多
文摘Climate change is an alarming global challenge, particularly affecting the least developed countries (LDCs) including Liberia. These countries, located in regions prone to unpredictable temperature and precipitation changes, are facing significant challenges, particularly in climate-sensitive sectors such as mining and agriculture. LDCs need more resilience to adverse climate shocks but have limited capacity for adaptation compared to other developed and developing nations. This paper examines Liberia’s susceptibility to climate change as a least developed country, focusing on its exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. It provides an overview of LDCs and outlines the global distribution of carbon dioxide emissions. The paper also evaluates specific challenges that amplify Liberia’s vulnerability and constrain sustainable adaptation, providing insight into climate change’s existing and potential effects. The paper emphasizes the urgency of addressing climate impacts on Liberia and calls for concerted local and international efforts for effective and sustainable mitigation efforts. It provides recommendations for policy decisions and calls for further research on climate change mitigation and adaptation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72074086&No.71673093)Humanities and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education Planning Fund of China(No.16YJA840013).
文摘Objective:To calculate the health poverty vulnerability index of elderly households in rural areas of central and western China,and then to classify these samples,lastly to decompose their influencing factors.Methods:First,based on survey data in 2018,the three-stage feasible generalized least squares was used to calculate the health poverty vulnerability index of elderly households,and then combined with whether the household income was below the poverty line and whether the family was healthy poverty vulnerability,the sample households were divided into four categories,and then used multiple unordered logistic regression to analyze various types of influencing factors,and finally used the Shapley index to decompose the contribution of each influencing factor.Results:The average vulnerability of health poverty was 0.5979±0.25199,with 1169 households greater than or equal to 0.5,accounting for 63.26%;the number of households stuck in poverty,temporary poverty,potential poverty,and escaped from poverty were 489,300,680,and 379 households,accounting for 26.46%,16.23%,36.80%,and 20.51%of the total sample;compared with escaped from poverty families,the three variables of marital status,the number of chronically ill patients,and the number of annual hospitalizations were the common influencing factors of other three types families;The Shapley decomposition showed that the interviewees’education level and family members engaged in non-agricultural work have contributed significantly to the three types,however two indicators:time required to visit a medical institution and self-assessment of health status of the main interviewees showed great differences in different types of families.Conclusion:Rural elderly households have a high level of vulnerability to health poverty;potential poverty households and persistent poverty households account for a large proportion,and continuous intervention should be carried out;it is necessary to unify the implementation of basic poverty alleviation work,but also to enhance refined management capabilities and adopt differentiated intervention measures.
文摘Poverty is a complex social phenomenon that every country has to contend with at some point in time. Based on an analysis of poverty in China's rural areas, this article assesses the present poverty alleviation measures from a new perspective. With the goal of better understanding the nature of poverty, new approaches focusing on the vulnerability to poverty are considered. Through a re-examination of the current situation and the underlying reasons for poverty in light of structural and cultural factors, this article attempts to provide new policy suggestions for dealing with poverty.
基金Supported by Commissioned Project of Office of Rural Work Leading Group of Kunming Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China"Study on the Poverty Alleviation Model of Kunming City in the Context of World Poverty Reduction"
文摘Ecology-oriented poverty alleviation is not only a livelihood project that affects the vast majority of rural people but also a major project to win the fight against poverty. It is also an indispensable income component for the relocation of poor farmers. Dongchuan District,located at the intersection of Jinsha River and Xiaojiang River,is one of the key counties for poverty alleviation and development in China with a wide range of poverty and extreme poverty. The incidence of poverty reached 24. 36%. The ecology is fragile,and earthquake outbreaks frequently. Dongchuan District is a national key monitoring and defense area for earthquakes. A large number of goafs,subsidence areas and geological hazard areas have been formed in the mining area. The number of dangerous houses is large,and ' it has no way of supporting its own inhabitants' is the key point,difficulty and focus of the county’s poverty alleviation. Relocation is a must-have measure to move away from poverty. It is also complex system engineering,which is policy-oriented and difficult. Since 2017,Dongchuan District has regarded relocation has the top priority for poverty alleviation. It has strictly implemented national,provincial and municipal policies,focused on the overall goal of ' moving,securing and getting rich',and strongly promoted the relocation work for poverty alleviation. Obvious social,economic and ecological benefits have been achieved. Successful relocation,combined with ecology-oriented poverty alleviation and other targeted poverty alleviation measures,Dongchuan District’s fight against poverty has achieved a decisive victory. At the end of December 2018,the incidence of poverty in the region fell to 1. 09%,and 129 poor villages( including 86 extremely poor villages) had been successfully lifted out of poverty. This paper analyzes and condenses the specific practices,main achievements,benefits,successful experiences and implications of the region’s relocation combined with ecology-oriented poverty alleviation model,so as to provide necessary reference for the innovation of relocation in poverty-stricken counties of Yunnan Province and similar provinces( cities,districts).
