The present study is in agreement with the hypothesis that the variation of ecological conditions in three rivers in northern Israel—the Dan, Hasbani and Hermon Rivers—affects the genetic variations of the species C...The present study is in agreement with the hypothesis that the variation of ecological conditions in three rivers in northern Israel—the Dan, Hasbani and Hermon Rivers—affects the genetic variations of the species Capoeta damascina. Using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), cytochrome b gene (Cytb), 16S and nuclear DNA (nDNA), and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), four different clusters were found in the Cytb of the Hasbani and Hermon Rivers and only two in the Dan River. Moreover, the clusters in the Hasbani River differed from those found in the Hermon River. A similar result was found when an analysis was made of a different sequence from five different haplotype frequencies using the MegAlign program, the lowest being in the Dan River (only two haplotypes) and the highest in the Hasbani River (four haplotypes). The analysis of molecular variance of Cytb and 16S (AMOVA) for individuals of C. damascina from eight populations in northern Israel showed significant differences between the rivers and the populations. The analysis by mitochondrial 16S of haplotype frequencies of C. damascina populations in the rivers in northern Israel was very low compared to Ctb. Sixteen different haplotypes were found in the different rivers: eight in the Hasbani River, seven in the Dan River and only five in the Hermon River.展开更多
Within the wide distribution of Lenkoran in Iran, populations of the species inhabit variety of habitats. The authors hypothesized that each river may contribute to habitat-specific variation in life history of the fi...Within the wide distribution of Lenkoran in Iran, populations of the species inhabit variety of habitats. The authors hypothesized that each river may contribute to habitat-specific variation in life history of the fish. To test this, a total of 378 specimens of Capoeta capoeta gracilis caught in the Atrak river （northern Iran） from Dec. 2007 to Nov. 2008 were examined for life history attributes. The population has a 5-year life cycle. Weight-length relationship （WLR） was estimated as W = 0.0127TL28981 for males, W = 0.0083TL3998 for females and W = 0.0084TL3942 for the population, being allometric negative for males and positive for females and the population. The VBGF fit to back-calculated size at age data were： Lt = 22.11 （1-e-0.19（t＋135））, Lt = 25.37 （1-e-0.18（t＋125）） and Lt = 24.92 （1-e-018（1＋122）） for males, females and sexes combined respectively. Sex ratio was significant from the parity, females dominated. The reproductive season, evaluated from GSI, extended from Apr. to July, with the highest peak in May for males and in Apr. for females. The absolute fecundity ranged between 458-5,743 eggs with a mean of 1,375.06 eggs. Fecundity relative to total weight fluctuated from 14.90 to 132.58, with a mean value of 48.79 eggs·g-1. The diameter of oocytes ranged from 0.53 to 2.40 mm with a mean value of 1.46. The life history patterns of C. c. gracilis in the considered population imply that the many population characteristics of this species in the river differ markedly from those of other rivers of its range distribution in northern Iran. Probably, respond to environmental characteristics to improve fitness locally is the more suitable choice for differentiated life history strategies of the species in the river.展开更多
文摘The present study is in agreement with the hypothesis that the variation of ecological conditions in three rivers in northern Israel—the Dan, Hasbani and Hermon Rivers—affects the genetic variations of the species Capoeta damascina. Using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), cytochrome b gene (Cytb), 16S and nuclear DNA (nDNA), and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), four different clusters were found in the Cytb of the Hasbani and Hermon Rivers and only two in the Dan River. Moreover, the clusters in the Hasbani River differed from those found in the Hermon River. A similar result was found when an analysis was made of a different sequence from five different haplotype frequencies using the MegAlign program, the lowest being in the Dan River (only two haplotypes) and the highest in the Hasbani River (four haplotypes). The analysis of molecular variance of Cytb and 16S (AMOVA) for individuals of C. damascina from eight populations in northern Israel showed significant differences between the rivers and the populations. The analysis by mitochondrial 16S of haplotype frequencies of C. damascina populations in the rivers in northern Israel was very low compared to Ctb. Sixteen different haplotypes were found in the different rivers: eight in the Hasbani River, seven in the Dan River and only five in the Hermon River.
文摘Within the wide distribution of Lenkoran in Iran, populations of the species inhabit variety of habitats. The authors hypothesized that each river may contribute to habitat-specific variation in life history of the fish. To test this, a total of 378 specimens of Capoeta capoeta gracilis caught in the Atrak river （northern Iran） from Dec. 2007 to Nov. 2008 were examined for life history attributes. The population has a 5-year life cycle. Weight-length relationship （WLR） was estimated as W = 0.0127TL28981 for males, W = 0.0083TL3998 for females and W = 0.0084TL3942 for the population, being allometric negative for males and positive for females and the population. The VBGF fit to back-calculated size at age data were： Lt = 22.11 （1-e-0.19（t＋135））, Lt = 25.37 （1-e-0.18（t＋125）） and Lt = 24.92 （1-e-018（1＋122）） for males, females and sexes combined respectively. Sex ratio was significant from the parity, females dominated. The reproductive season, evaluated from GSI, extended from Apr. to July, with the highest peak in May for males and in Apr. for females. The absolute fecundity ranged between 458-5,743 eggs with a mean of 1,375.06 eggs. Fecundity relative to total weight fluctuated from 14.90 to 132.58, with a mean value of 48.79 eggs·g-1. The diameter of oocytes ranged from 0.53 to 2.40 mm with a mean value of 1.46. The life history patterns of C. c. gracilis in the considered population imply that the many population characteristics of this species in the river differ markedly from those of other rivers of its range distribution in northern Iran. Probably, respond to environmental characteristics to improve fitness locally is the more suitable choice for differentiated life history strategies of the species in the river.
