With the increasing urgency of the carbon emission reduction task,the generation expansion planning process needs to add carbon emission risk constraints,in addition to considering the level of power adequacy.However,...With the increasing urgency of the carbon emission reduction task,the generation expansion planning process needs to add carbon emission risk constraints,in addition to considering the level of power adequacy.However,methods for quantifying and assessing carbon emissions and operational risks are lacking.It results in excessive carbon emissions and frequent load-shedding on some days,although meeting annual carbon emission reduction targets.First,in response to the above problems,carbon emission and power balance risk assessment indicators and assessment methods,were proposed to quantify electricity abundance and carbon emission risk level of power planning scenarios,considering power supply regulation and renewable energy fluctuation characteristics.Secondly,building on traditional two-tier models for low-carbon power planning,including investment decisions and operational simulations,considering carbon emissions and power balance risks in lower-tier operational simulations,a two-tier rolling model for thermal power retrofit and generation expansion planning was established.The model includes an investment tier and operation assessment tier and makes year-by-year decisions on the number of thermal power units to be retrofitted and the type and capacity of units to be commissioned.Finally,the rationality and validity of the model were verified through an example analysis,a small-scale power supply system in a certain region is taken as an example.The model can significantly reduce the number of days of carbon emissions risk and ensure that the power balance risk is within the safe limit.展开更多
Through analyzing the proportion of SO2 emission from thermal power plants in the nationwide SO2 emis- sion in USA, Japan etc. developed countries, and the developmental course of thermal power installed capacity and ...Through analyzing the proportion of SO2 emission from thermal power plants in the nationwide SO2 emis- sion in USA, Japan etc. developed countries, and the developmental course of thermal power installed capacity and the FGD capacity in USA, the FGD capacity of thermal power plants in China is forecasted from two angles. One is to predict FGD capacity in accordance with the policy in force in China. The other is to predict FGD capacity based upon the emission right trading policy. As compared, it is held that FGD equipment should be mainly installed on the large size units burning high sulfur coal according to the emission right trading policy. Such a method of work not only can economize large amount of investments and operation costs, but also can realize the same environmental effect.展开更多
With a particular reference to China Huaneng Group's practices in CO_2 capture, this article presents a brief ing on the current development of CO_2 capture technologies in coal-fired power plants both in China an...With a particular reference to China Huaneng Group's practices in CO_2 capture, this article presents a brief ing on the current development of CO_2 capture technologies in coal-fired power plants both in China and abroad. Sooner or later, the integration of CO_2 capture and storage (CCS) facility with coal-fired power plant will be inevitably put on the agenda of developers.展开更多
The transition towards zero-carbon energy production is necessary to limit global warming.Smart energy systems have facilitated the control of demand-side resources to maintain the stability of the power grid and to p...The transition towards zero-carbon energy production is necessary to limit global warming.Smart energy systems have facilitated the control of demand-side resources to maintain the stability of the power grid and to provide balancing power for increasing renewable energy production.Virtual power plants are examples of demand–response solutions,which may also enable greenhouse gas(GHG)emission reductions due to the lower need for fossil-based balancing energy in the grid and the increased share of renewables.The aim of this study is to show how potential GHG emission reductions can be assessed through the carbon handprint approach for a virtual power plant(VPP)in a grid balancing market in Finland.According to our results,VPP can reduce the hourly based GHG emissions in the studied Finnish grid systems compared with the balancing power without the VPP.Typical energy sources used for the balance power are hydropower and fossil fuels.The reduction potential of GHG emissions varies from 68%to 98%depending on the share of the used energy source for the power balancing,thus VPPs have the potential to significantly reduce GHG emissions of electricity production and hence help mitigate climate change.展开更多
A trinomial tree model based on a real options approach was developed to evaluate the investment decisions on carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)retrofitted to the three main types of thermal power plants in ...A trinomial tree model based on a real options approach was developed to evaluate the investment decisions on carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)retrofitted to the three main types of thermal power plants in China under the same power generation and CO2 emissions levels.The plant types included pulverized coal(PC),integrated gasification combined cycle(IGCC),and natural gas combined cycle(NGCC)plants.We take into account a subsidy policy consistent with the 45Q tax credit of the U.S.,as well as uncertainty factors,such as carbon price,technological progress,CO_(2) geological storage paths,oil price,and electricity price.The results showed that the investment benefit of ordinary NGCC power plants is 93.04 million USD.This provides greater economic advantages than the other two plant types as their investment benefit is negative if the captured CO_(2) was used for enhanced water recovery(EWR),even if 45Q subsidies are provided.Compared with NGCC+CCUS power plants,PC+CCUS and IGCC+CCUS power plants have more advantages in terms of economic benefits and emission reduction.The 45Q subsidy policy reduced the critical carbon price,which determines the decision to invest or not,by 30.14 USDt^(-1) for the PC and IGCC power plants and by 15.24 USDt^(-1) for the NGCC power plants.Nevertheless,only when the subsidy reaches at least 71.84 USDt^(-1) and the period limit is canceled can all three types of power plants be motivated to invest in CCUS and used the capture CO_(2) for EWR.Overall,the government should focus on the application of CCUS in coal-fired power plants(in addition to developing gas power generation),especially when CO_(2) is used for enhanced oil recovery(EOR).The government could introduce fiscal policies,such as 45Q or stronger,to stimulate CCUS technology development in China.展开更多
基金supported by Science and Technology Project of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co.,Ltd. (No.B6120922000A).
文摘With the increasing urgency of the carbon emission reduction task,the generation expansion planning process needs to add carbon emission risk constraints,in addition to considering the level of power adequacy.However,methods for quantifying and assessing carbon emissions and operational risks are lacking.It results in excessive carbon emissions and frequent load-shedding on some days,although meeting annual carbon emission reduction targets.First,in response to the above problems,carbon emission and power balance risk assessment indicators and assessment methods,were proposed to quantify electricity abundance and carbon emission risk level of power planning scenarios,considering power supply regulation and renewable energy fluctuation characteristics.Secondly,building on traditional two-tier models for low-carbon power planning,including investment decisions and operational simulations,considering carbon emissions and power balance risks in lower-tier operational simulations,a two-tier rolling model for thermal power retrofit and generation expansion planning was established.The model includes an investment tier and operation assessment tier and makes year-by-year decisions on the number of thermal power units to be retrofitted and the type and capacity of units to be commissioned.Finally,the rationality and validity of the model were verified through an example analysis,a small-scale power supply system in a certain region is taken as an example.The model can significantly reduce the number of days of carbon emissions risk and ensure that the power balance risk is within the safe limit.
文摘Through analyzing the proportion of SO2 emission from thermal power plants in the nationwide SO2 emis- sion in USA, Japan etc. developed countries, and the developmental course of thermal power installed capacity and the FGD capacity in USA, the FGD capacity of thermal power plants in China is forecasted from two angles. One is to predict FGD capacity in accordance with the policy in force in China. The other is to predict FGD capacity based upon the emission right trading policy. As compared, it is held that FGD equipment should be mainly installed on the large size units burning high sulfur coal according to the emission right trading policy. Such a method of work not only can economize large amount of investments and operation costs, but also can realize the same environmental effect.
文摘With a particular reference to China Huaneng Group's practices in CO_2 capture, this article presents a brief ing on the current development of CO_2 capture technologies in coal-fired power plants both in China and abroad. Sooner or later, the integration of CO_2 capture and storage (CCS) facility with coal-fired power plant will be inevitably put on the agenda of developers.
文摘The transition towards zero-carbon energy production is necessary to limit global warming.Smart energy systems have facilitated the control of demand-side resources to maintain the stability of the power grid and to provide balancing power for increasing renewable energy production.Virtual power plants are examples of demand–response solutions,which may also enable greenhouse gas(GHG)emission reductions due to the lower need for fossil-based balancing energy in the grid and the increased share of renewables.The aim of this study is to show how potential GHG emission reductions can be assessed through the carbon handprint approach for a virtual power plant(VPP)in a grid balancing market in Finland.According to our results,VPP can reduce the hourly based GHG emissions in the studied Finnish grid systems compared with the balancing power without the VPP.Typical energy sources used for the balance power are hydropower and fossil fuels.The reduction potential of GHG emissions varies from 68%to 98%depending on the share of the used energy source for the power balancing,thus VPPs have the potential to significantly reduce GHG emissions of electricity production and hence help mitigate climate change.
基金the financial support of National Natural Science Foundation of China(71874193,71503249,71203008,71904014)the Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research(CBA2018-02MY-Fan)+2 种基金Huo Yingdong Education Foundation(171072)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2020YJSNY01,2020SKNY01)the Open Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining(China University of Mining and Technology,SKLCRSM19KFA14).
文摘A trinomial tree model based on a real options approach was developed to evaluate the investment decisions on carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)retrofitted to the three main types of thermal power plants in China under the same power generation and CO2 emissions levels.The plant types included pulverized coal(PC),integrated gasification combined cycle(IGCC),and natural gas combined cycle(NGCC)plants.We take into account a subsidy policy consistent with the 45Q tax credit of the U.S.,as well as uncertainty factors,such as carbon price,technological progress,CO_(2) geological storage paths,oil price,and electricity price.The results showed that the investment benefit of ordinary NGCC power plants is 93.04 million USD.This provides greater economic advantages than the other two plant types as their investment benefit is negative if the captured CO_(2) was used for enhanced water recovery(EWR),even if 45Q subsidies are provided.Compared with NGCC+CCUS power plants,PC+CCUS and IGCC+CCUS power plants have more advantages in terms of economic benefits and emission reduction.The 45Q subsidy policy reduced the critical carbon price,which determines the decision to invest or not,by 30.14 USDt^(-1) for the PC and IGCC power plants and by 15.24 USDt^(-1) for the NGCC power plants.Nevertheless,only when the subsidy reaches at least 71.84 USDt^(-1) and the period limit is canceled can all three types of power plants be motivated to invest in CCUS and used the capture CO_(2) for EWR.Overall,the government should focus on the application of CCUS in coal-fired power plants(in addition to developing gas power generation),especially when CO_(2) is used for enhanced oil recovery(EOR).The government could introduce fiscal policies,such as 45Q or stronger,to stimulate CCUS technology development in China.
