Status and trends of carbon emissions research at the county level in China

This study provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges to achieving carbon neutrality at the county level in China and offers targeted recommendations,laying the groundwork for future specialized research in this area.A total of 283 relevant studies(2004-2023)were analyzed to assess county-level carbon emissions through three phases:bibliometric analysis,frontier analysis,and future prospects.Bibliometric findings reveal that publication trends were largely influenced by domestic and foreign policies.Keyword cluster discerns ten primary themes,ranging from conceptual frameworks to research methodologies.The frontier analysis of the literature highlights the leading research areas,which include carbon neutrality pathway,driving factors,spatiotemporal variation of carbon emissions,the co-effects of pollutants and carbon reduction,and carbon emissions in China's rural areas.Drawing from the results of bibliometric and frontier analyses,this study elucidates the recommendations for achieving carbon neutrality at the county level from three perspectives:effective regional policy guidance,emphasis on ecological conservation,and the deployment of advanced carbon reduction and sequestration technologies.This study enriches the body of knowledge on carbon emissions at the county level and holds significant implications for China's comprehensive push towards achieving its carbon neutrality objectives.

Regional Climate Damage Quantification and Its Impacts on Future Emission Pathways Using the RICE Model

This study quantified the regional damages resulting from temperature and sea level changes using the Regional Integrated of Climate and Economy(RICE)model,as well as the effects of enabling and disabling the climate impact module on future emission pathways.Results highlight varied damages depending on regional economic development and locations.Specifically,China and Africa could suffer the most serious comprehensive damages caused by temperature change and sea level rise,followed by India,other developing Asian countries(OthAsia),and other high-income countries(OHI).The comprehensive damage fractions for China and Africa are projected to be 15.1%and 12.5%of gross domestic product(GDP)in 2195,with corresponding cumulative damages of 124.0 trillion and 87.3 trillion United States dollars(USD)from 2005 to 2195,respectively.Meanwhile,the comprehensive damage fractions in Japan,Eurasia,and Russia are smaller and projected to be lower than 5.6%of GDP in 2195,with cumulative damages of 6.8 trillion,4.2 trillion,and 3.3 trillion USD,respectively.Additionally,coastal regions like Africa,the European Union(EU),and OHI show comparable damages for sea level rise and temperature change.In China,however,sea level-induced damages are projected to exceed those from temperature changes.Moreover,this study indicates that switching the damage modules on or off affects the regional and global emission trajectories,but the magnitude is relatively small.By 2195,global emissions under the experiments with all of the damage modules switched off,only the sea level damage module switched on,and only the temperature damage module switched on,were 3.5%,2.3%and 1.2%higher than those with all of the damage modules switched on,respectively.

Exploring the edge of a natural disaster

Natural geological, chronic and acute release of volcanic gases can have a dramatic impact on vegetative ecosystems and potential impact on regional agriculture and human health. This research incorporates a series of observations using leaf level gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and remotely sensed reflectance measurements of vegetation experiencing chronic exposure to volcanic gas emissions;to develop techniques for monitoring the relative health of vegetation along the edge of an acute vegetative kill zone of a natural disaster and potential preeruption vegetation physiology. Experiments were conducted along an elevation gradient that corresponds to the SO2 gradient on vegetation along the south flank of Volcán Turrialba, Costa Rica. This study site is a natural environment with high volcanic degassing activity with significant SO2 emissions (n/d-0.281 ppm). Corresponding to an SO2 gradient, a substantial increase in CO2 concentration of (430-517 ppm) was identified. We further show the physiological interactions of SO2 and CO2 have on vegetation along the kill zone of this natural disaster can be assessed by examining the SO2/CO2 ratios. The physiological indices tested and relationships among measurements emphasized in this research will add to the assessment of the impact atmospheric volcanic gas emissions have on the physiology of surrounding vegetation as well as advance the capability of remotely sensed environmental stress in natural settings.

Economic analysis of hydrogen production from electrolyzed water technology by provinces in China

A novel model for measuring the economics of hydrogen generation via electrolytic water projects was constructed.The model overcomes the current problem of incomplete and inaccurate assessments of the price of producing hydrogen via water,which are caused by ignoring the indirect carbon costs of different power generation sources in the process of determining the cost of producing hydrogen via water.The model was used to analyze the price of producing hydrogen via water electrolysis and its sensitivity to the electricity costs of hydrogen production and carbon prices in various provinces of China.With the continuing increase in the penetration of novel energy in China’s power system and the gradual decline in electricity prices,the price of producing hydrogen via electrolytic water is expected to be close to or even lower than that of producing hydrogen via coal in the future.Geographical differences also have a significant impact on the price of producing hydrogen,which is typically higher in the southeastern coastal region than in the western region,because of the local price of electricity and the composition of the energy sources.Provinces that have been effective in developing novel energy sources,such as Qinghai,Sichuan,and others,have been effective in the hydrogen energy industry.Sichuan and other provinces with significant new energy development have a clear advantage in the hydrogen industry.Because provinces with low hydrogen production costs can transport hydrogen to provinces with high hydrogen production costs through pipelines,hydrogen pipelines are planned from Shaanxi to Henan and from Xinjiang to Nei Mongol.These study results reveal the relative economic advantages of producing hydrogen via water electrolysis under various energy and electricity price policies and provide new perspectives on China’s energy strategy and the growth of the hydrogen energy sector.

Impact of Regional Development on Carbon Emission: Empirical Evidence Across Countries

Global warming is recently an urgent issue worldwide. The increase of carbon emissions induced by human economic activi- ties has become a major driving force behind global climate change. Thus, as a matter of social responsibility, reasonable carbon con- straints should be implemented to ensure environmental security and sustainable development for every country. Based on a summary of studies that examined the relationship between carbon emissions and regional development, this paper shows that human activity-led carbon emission is caused by the combination of several influencing factors, including population size, income level, and technical pro- gress. Thus, a quantitative model derived from IPAT-ImPACT-Kaya series and STIRPAT models was established. Empirical analysis using multivariate nonlinear regression demonstrated that the origins of growing global carbon emission included the increasing influ- encing elasticity of the population size and the declining negative effect of technical progress. Meanwhile, in context of classification of country groups at different income levels, according to the comparison of fluctuating patterns of the influencing elasticity, technical progress was found as the main factor influencing carbon emission levels in high-income countries, and population size might he the controlling factor in middle-income countries. However, for low-income countries, the nonlinear relationship between carbon emission and its influencing factors was not significant, whereas population growth was identified as an important potential driving force in future carbon emissions. This study can therefore provide a reference for the formulation of policies on carbon constraints, especially to de- velop more efficient carbon mitigating policies for countries at different income levels.

Criteria for assessing carbon emissions peaks at provincial level in China

China has pledged to peak carbon emissions by 2030 and neutralize emissions by 2060.There is an urgent need to develop a comprehensive and reliable methodology to judge whether a region has reached its carbon emissions peak(CEP),as well as to schedule and prioritize mitigation activities for different regions.In this study,we developed an approach for identifying the CEP status of 30 provincial areas in China,considering both the carbon emissions trends and the main socioeconomic factors that influence these trends.According to the results of the Mann-Kendall(MK)tests,changes in carbon emissions for the 30 provincial areas can be grouped inlo four clusters:those with significant reductions,marginal reductions,marginal increases,and significant increases.Then,total energy consumption(TEC),the proportion of coal consumption(PCC),the proportion of the urban population(PUP),the proportion of secondary industry(PASP),and per capita GDP(PGDP)were further identified as the main factors influencing carbon emissions,by applying Redundancy analysis(RDA)and Monte Carlo permutation tests.To balance efficacy with fairness,we assigned scores from 1 to 4 to trends in carbon emissions,and the Group Analysis results of the main influencing factors above except for TEC;for TEC,main basis is the relevant assessment results.And finally,according to the actual condition of total scores,provincial areas were assigned to the first,second,third and fourth stage of progress toward CEP,using the method of Natural Breaks(Jenks).Based on the method,differentiated plans should be adopted from the perspective of fair development and emissions reduction efficiency,in accordance with the basic principles of Doing the Best within Capacity and Common but Differentiated Responsibilities.This classification method can also be adopted by other developing countries which have not yet achieved CEP.

Evolutionary characteristics and driving factors of carbon emission performance at the city level in China

To achieve carbon peak targets,realize carbon neutrality vision,and tackle global climate change,China must improve the carbon emission performance at the city level.Based on the carbon emission performance of 191 prefecture-level cities in China from 1997 to 2017,this paper analyses the evolution characteristics of urban carbon emission performance from three aspects:the overall spatial and temporal evolution,the differences according to both region and city size,and the differences among clusters categorized by carbon emission performance at the city level.This paper also reveals the impact of the social and economic transition on China’s carbon emission performance.The results show that:(1)The overall level of carbon emission performance of Chinese cities is low,and there is a downward trend during the study period.The differences in carbon emission performance among cities are convergent,but there is a wide gap between high and low values.(2)The carbon emission performance of cities in eastern coastal areas is higher than that in non-coastal areas cities.Large urban agglomerations and economically developed regions,such as provincial capitals,are the agglomeration areas of high urban carbon emission performance values.(3)The carbon emission performance level of cities with similar sizes will converge.At the same time,such changes will enhance the differences among carbon emission performances at the city level within the same region.(4)Cities that belong to high urban carbon emission performance clusters are mainly distributed in the eastern region.Such cities are classified into large cities,supercities,and megacities.Compared with low urban carbon emission performance clusters,cities in high urban carbon emission performance clusters show a higher proportion in the medium-high level and high level of carbon emission performance.Moreover,cities in high urban carbon emission performance clusters are more likely to improve their urban carbon emission performance.(5)The economic agglomeration effect,industrial structure adjustment and carbon intensity reduction have a significant impact on improving urban carbon emission performance.Population agglomeration has an incremental effect,and the anticipated benefits of environmental regulation have yet to be fully realized.The impacts of different clusters and different regions are variable.Finally,this paper advances policy enlightenment according to its research findings.

碳中和背景下我国电力碳排放水平分析

电力低碳化转型对我国实现碳中和目标具有全局性战略意义。在总结我国近10年电力低碳化发展历程的基础上,以人口、城市化、经济总量与经济结构为边界条件和驱动力,分析预测未来40年电力增长过程和阶段性发展目标;以系统安全、供需平衡为约束,分析了化石电力占比、终端电力消费比重、核电发展规模以及碳捕集、利用及封存(CCUS)等因素对碳排放水平的影响;预计电力碳排放峰值将出现在2035年前后,达到60~65亿吨,随后逐年降低,到2060年降至10亿吨以内,辅以CCUS技术,可实现电力零排放。最后,针对需求持续增长与低碳转型长期并存的矛盾,提出未来电力发展须以安全供给为前提,优先开发可再生能源电力、多能发展、更大范围多能互补协调开发和互补运行的建议。

碳排放权交易对试点地区绿色发展的影响及溢出效应——基于PSM-DID和SDID模型的实证分析

在碳中和、碳达峰背景下,本文选用2003~2021年全国273个地级市的面板数据,以碳排放权交易试点(CETP)为出发点,用生态效率测度绿色发展水平,通过PSM-DID和SDID模型实证检验了CETP对绿色发展的直接效应、间接效应和空间溢出效应。研究发现:(1)CETP能显著促进绿色发展,且通过了安慰剂检验和稳健性检验;(2)CETP产生的创新效应对绿色发展有推动作用,但产业结构效应不显著;(3)CETP对周边试点城市产生了显著负向的溢出效应,但对非试点城市的生态效率无明显影响。最后,结合以上研究结论,提出了政策建议。

碳税机制下政府补贴对生产减排决策的影响

在政府实施碳税政策的大背景下,对不同形式的政府补贴如何影响制造商的生产减排决策进行研究。在无补贴、技术减排投资成本补贴和回收再制造补贴三种情形下,分别建立了三种不同的模型,分析比较三种模型对制造商产品产量和减排决策的影响。分析结果表明:(1)随着碳税税率的增加,产品碳减排水平并不总是增加。不仅如此,碳税政策的实施还会对低碳产品的产量和利润起到负面效果。但政府补贴政策的实施确实能够缓解碳税给制造商带来的压力,在碳税税率较高时,采取回收再制造补贴能够更大程度起到提高制造商积极性的作用。(2)不同的政府补贴对产品产量和利润产生了不同的影响,当η<0.38时,选取技术减排补贴能够获得更大的产品产量和总体利润;当η>0.38时,选取回收再制造补贴更经济。

基于节点碳势需求响应的电力系统双层优化调度

为实现电力系统低碳排放、助力经济提升,在建立碳势引导多元柔性负荷模型的基础上,提出一种基于节点碳势需求响应的双层优化调度策略。首先,利用比例共享原则追踪碳排放流,搭建碳排放流模型,从时空维度感知各节点的碳势变化规律。其次,将碳流分析纳入负荷侧需求响应机制中,利用节点碳势建立负荷聚合商需求响应碳排放模型,并厘清不同碳势强度下负荷聚合商调度差异,构建基于节点碳势需求响应的电力系统双层优化调度模型。模型上层为电网运营商最优经济调度,模型下层为负荷聚合商需求响应经济调度。最后,以改进IEEE 30节点系统为例,验证了所提方法的有效性。

数字经济发展对种植业碳排放效率的影响研究——基于中介和门槛效应的实证检验

农业源温室气体排放量(碳排放)仅次于工业,种植业作为农业的基础,其碳排放量在农业中占据较大比重,种植业碳减排对于“双碳”目标的实现具有重要意义。在“碳达峰、碳中和”的碳排放格局下,数字经济已成为推动种植业绿色低碳高质量发展的新引擎。本文在理论探讨基础上,结合2011—2021年中国31个省(自治区、直辖市,不包括中国香港地区、澳门地区和台湾地区)面板数据,综合利用固定效应回归模型、工具变量模型、中介效应模型、门槛效应模型,实证考察了数字经济发展与种植业碳排放效率之间的内在关系。研究发现,数字经济发展对种植业碳排放效率具有显著的正向影响,且存在农业生产功能与区域异质性;数字经济发展通过促进技术创新和规模经营来抑制种植业碳排放,且“技术创新效应”的贡献份额大于“规模经营效应”;数字经济发展对种植业碳排放效率的促进作用还受经济发展水平的影响,当经济发展水平低于阈值时,数字经济发展对种植业碳排放效率的影响并不显著,当经济发展水平超过阈值后,数字经济发展能够对种植业碳排放效率产生显著的提升效应。

水位变化对湿地土壤CO_(2)排放速率的影响研究

为研究水位变化幅度和周期对土壤CO_(2)排放速率的影响,采集黄河小北干流区原状土样进行为期1161 h的室内水位控制监测试验,分高水位波动(a)、低水位波动(b)、干旱胁迫(c)和参照组(d)4组进行对比,分析5个阶段的CO_(2)排放速率、DOC(可溶性有机碳)和DOC/DON(可溶性有机氮)数据。在监测全过程中CO_(2)排放速率平均值分别为0.23、0.22、0.16、0.22μmol/(cm2·h),水位变化整体造成0.35倍、-0.18倍、-0.11倍、-0.24倍的改变。相较于监测过程的平均值,水位变化造成a、b、c、d 4组-0.72~2.48倍、-0.86~1.18倍、-0.97~1.44倍、-0.85~0.70倍的过程性波动,CO_(2)排放速率表现出“上升—衰弱—恢复”的特征。相较于前一阶段平均值数据,水位下降后(阶段Ⅰ)a、b、c 3组发生2.48、1.18、1.44倍的上升,持续时间91.5 h后又发生0.18、0.43和0.27倍的下降(阶段Ⅰf);监测279.9 h时的水位上升造成a、b、c 3组较前一阶段明显上升(阶段Ⅱ),48.5 h后a、b、c 3组排放速率下降(阶段Ⅱf);664 h时的水位上升(阶段Ⅲ、Ⅲf)造成的影响类似于前一阶段,在监测最后的240 h内(阶段Ⅳ),4组较Ⅲf阶段都有不同程度的回升。0~5 cm和5~10 cm土壤DOC含量和DOC/DON值受水位变化影响明显,出现初期上升和后期下降的趋势。水位变化对湿地土壤CO_(2)排放表现出大幅度、长时间的影响,水位变化对湿地土壤CO_(2)排放速率影响显著且具有阶段性特征。

自主减排、碳关税对中国贸易和福利的影响研究

中国作为《巴黎协定》缔约国之一积极践行自主减排承诺。然而,欧美发达国家/地区无视中国等发展中国家自主减排的贡献,仍以抑制“碳泄露”等为借口征收碳关税,并可能形成碳关税联盟。利用全球能源—环境分析模型在系统评估《巴黎协定》自主减排影响基础上,进一步模拟分析欧盟征收碳关税、美日欧形成碳关税联盟以及低碳技术提升对中国贸易和福利的影响,并探究其影响机制。研究发现:第一,为践行自主减排承诺,中国付出了福利和进出口贸易下降代价,展现了中国作为负责任大国的担当;第二,发达国家/地区征收碳关税将造成中国福利水平的下降,而中国福利水平的下降主要源于中国贸易条件的恶化和贸易量的减少;第三,自主减排和碳关税会深化中国与东盟间的产业合作和经贸往来;第四,中国提升低碳技术可以通过直接和间接两种效应促进国内福利增长,对冲自主减排及碳关税的负面影响。据此提出应加大科研投入提升低碳技术、积极参与国际环境公约与碳排放标准制定、扩大国内碳交易范围并加快碳税立法建设等政策建议。

四川省碳排放、能源消费与经济发展的脱钩效应分析

推动四川省能源系统低碳转型,是推进全国高质量发展的战略需要,有助于缓解碳减排的压力。该文基于脱钩指数,对其进行链式展开及有效组合,并利用脱钩稳定指数,实证研究四川省2000-2021年碳排放、能源消费与经济增长的动态均衡关系,旨在识别推动四川省能源系统低碳转型的着力点。结果表明:从脱钩效应来看,四川省碳排放与经济增长脱钩情况最好,碳排放与能源消费脱钩情况最差。从时间维度来看,四川省碳排放、能源消费与经济发展之间存在动态发展的脱钩效应与相关关系。并且,脱钩效应与相关关系动态发展的结果主要受能源产消结构、技术创新水平以及政策机制体系的影响。最后,文章提出推进能源结构调整、加大科研投入等相关建议。

基于脱钩模型和空间杜宾模型的京津冀县域碳达峰类型划分及影响因素研究

以京津冀县域为研究单元,利用2010—2017年县域碳排放和社会经济面板数据,运用Tapio脱钩模型、扩展的STIRPAT模型与空间杜宾模型等方法,结合碳排放的空间自相关和脱钩状态进行综合分区,并揭示关键影响因素。结果表明:1)京津冀县域碳排放具有空间依赖性、空间溢出性以及空间分布不均衡性。在县域尺度上,京津冀县域碳达峰存在不同的类型差异,将京津冀县域划分为“双碳”高风险区(40个)、“双碳”中风险区(65个)、“双碳”低风险区(47个)、“双碳”风险潜在区(46个)。“双碳”高风险区、中风险区,碳达峰难度较大,将是京津冀协同推进“双碳”目标较为难啃的“硬骨头”。2)扩展的STIRPAT模型与空间杜宾模型的结果显示,不同碳达峰类型影响因素存在差异。对于“双碳”高风险区,城镇化水平、绿化水平对于碳排放强度具有显著的直接正向作用;对于“双碳”中风险区,对外贸易开放程度对碳排放强度具有显著的直接正向作用;对于“双碳”低风险区,社会富裕程度和第三产业发展水平对碳排放强度具有显著的直接负向作用;对于“双碳”风险潜在区,对外贸易开放程度、绿化水平、产业结构对于碳排放强度具有显著的直接正向作用。针对不同县域碳排放风险,亟需实施分类指导的碳排放管制策略。

海岛地区碳排放脱钩效应及驱动因素研究——基于Tapio脱钩指标和LMDI分解模型

海岛作为陆海复合生态系统的典型地带,通过科学测度海岛的碳排放强度及其脱钩效应,可以为海岛低碳绿色发展模式确定和实施路径选择提供依据。基于IPCC碳排放核算方法及线性插值法,构建海岛地区碳排放测度模型,以中国12个县级海岛为案例区,测算其2000—2020年的碳排放规模,采用Tapio脱钩模型及莫兰指数空间自相关法揭示其脱钩状态和空间格局演化特征,并运用LMDI分解方法探讨碳排放的影响因素。结果表明:(1)海岛县域碳排放总量与经济发展均呈增长趋势,经济发展与碳排放增长的速率相当;(2)海岛县域碳排放量多种脱钩类型共存的特征突出,弱脱钩成为主导性脱钩状态,低碳经济仍有很大的发展空间;(3)海岛县域脱钩效应存在显著的全局空间正相关性,空间集聚特征显著,崇明区成为典型脱钩优势区,嵊泗县、长岛县脱钩状态欠佳,呈现脱钩不稳定与区域不均衡的状态;(4)碳排放强度、产业结构、人口规模对碳排放具有正效应,而财政政策、经济发展具有负效应,且经济发展效应保持平稳状态。基于海岛县的脱钩态势,提出了通过优化产业结构、加大财政支持等差异化政策措施,助推“双碳”目标。

秦岭陕西段农业碳排放时空分布特征与低碳化水平评价

秦岭陕西段不同地区农业碳排放的时空分布特征与低碳化发展水平对我国如期完成“双碳”目标具有重要的战略意义。将秦岭陕西段6市农业作为研究单元,首先,从农作物耕作活动碳排放、畜牧养殖碳排放和农田土壤碳排放3个维度构建农业碳排放衍生指标体系,以此测算秦岭陕西段6市的农业碳排放量;其次,对农业碳排放时空分布特征进行分析,采用TOPSIS法对各地农业低碳化水平进行评价。结果显示,秦岭陕西段农业碳排放量时间上呈上升趋向,空间上分为4个区域,即商洛与安康处于轻型区域,汉中、西安属于中型区域,宝鸡属于重型区域,渭南处于超重型区域。2003-2022年间各地农业低碳化水平处于较低水平的是渭南,较高水平是商洛、安康与汉中。

河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度空间格局及影响因素分析

【目的】探索不同乡镇和灌溉模式的农业碳排放空间格局及其影响机制,揭示农业水资源和能源消耗的组合特征差异,为农业灌溉模式优化、水资源与能源节约以及低碳可持续发展提供参考依据。【方法】利用遥感影像、气象数据、统计资料和问卷调研等多源数据,对河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度及其空间分布格局进行分析,对比不同灌溉模式(雨养为主的灌溉模式,PI模式;地表水灌溉为主的灌溉模式,SWI模式;引水灌溉工程为主的灌溉模式,WDI模式;地下水灌溉为主的灌溉模式,GI模式)下的碳排放强度差异,并通过地理探测器探究其影响机制。【结果】(1)2018年河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度均值为15.05 kg·t^(-1),并呈现出由西向东波动下降和从北向南减少的空间分布格局。碳排放强度高(>20.64 kg·t^(-1))的乡镇主要集中在西部高海拔地区,碳排放强度低(<13.76 kg·t^(-1))的乡镇主要分布在东南部地区。(2)4种灌溉模式中,冬小麦单位产量灌溉碳排放强度最高的是PI模式(22.22 kg·t^(-1)),最低的是SWI模式(11.05 kg·t^(-1))。(3)平均海拔与有效降水量对碳排放强度空间分异的解释力分别达到49%和39%,是影响冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度的关键因素。同一驱动因素在不同灌溉模式下的影响具有差异性,能源消耗对WDI模式下的冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度空间分异格局的影响力最强,土地投入强度在GI模式下的驱动作用最为显著。此外,不同驱动因素交互作用后具有双因子增强效应和非线性增强效应。【结论】河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度存在空间异质性和灌溉模式差异,PI模式的冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度最高,WDI模式的碳排放量最高。平均海拔与降水是主导河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度空间分异格局形成的主要原因,人为因素则是不同灌溉模式下灌溉碳排放强度空间分异的主导力量。

劳动力返乡创业与县域绿色低碳发展

创业活动是实现经济可持续发展的重要途径。以返乡创业试点政策的实施作为一项准自然实验,基于中国2010—2020年2 097个县域样本,在多维度理论剖析返乡创业影响碳排放内在机制的基础上,实证检验劳动力返乡创业的碳减排效应。研究表明:劳动力返乡创业有助于降低县域碳排放水平,促进县域绿色低碳发展,且这一结论在排除多种可能干扰因素后依旧成立;返乡创业试点政策主要通过降低能源消费规模、推动产业结构升级和提升技术创新水平推动县域实现碳减排;劳动力返乡创业对县域碳减排的影响具有门槛特征,当县域数字化和市场化水平发展到一定程度后,其碳减排效应才能得到有效发挥。因此,在鼓励劳动力返乡创业的同时,要注重推进县域数字化建设和要素市场化进程,提升县域间资源再配置的合理化程度。