Rail transit plays a key role in mitigating transportation system carbon emissions.Accurate measurement of urban rail transit carbon emission can help quantify the contribution of urban rail transit towards urban tran...Rail transit plays a key role in mitigating transportation system carbon emissions.Accurate measurement of urban rail transit carbon emission can help quantify the contribution of urban rail transit towards urban transportation carbon emission reduction.Since the whole life cycle of urban rail transit carbon emission measurement involves a wide range of aspects,a systematic framework model is required for analysis.This research reviews the existing studies on carbon emission of urban rail transit.First,the characteristics of urban rail transit carbon emission were determined and the complexity of carbon emission measurement was analyzed.Then,the urban rail transit carbon emission measurement models were compared and analyzed in terms of the selection of research boundaries,the types of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions calculation,and the accuracy of the measurement.Following that,an intelligent station was introduced to analyze the practical application of digital collaboration technology and energy-saving and carbon-reducing system platforms for rail transit.Finally,the urgent problems and future research directions at this stage were discussed.This research presents the necessity of establishing a dynamic carbon emission factor library and the important development trend of system integration of carbon emission measurement and digital system technology.展开更多
In this study,we introduce our newly developed measurement-fed-perception self-adaption Low-cost UAV Coordinated Carbon Observation Network(LUCCN)prototype.The LUCCN primarily consists of two categories of instruments...In this study,we introduce our newly developed measurement-fed-perception self-adaption Low-cost UAV Coordinated Carbon Observation Network(LUCCN)prototype.The LUCCN primarily consists of two categories of instruments,including ground-based and UAV-based in-situ measurement.We use the GMP343,a low-cost non-dispersive infrared sensor,in both ground-based and UAV-based instruments.The first integrated measurement campaign took place in Shenzhen,China,4 May 2023.During the campaign,we found that LUCCN’s UAV component presented significant data-collecting advantages over its ground-based counterpart owing to the relatively high altitudes of the point emission sources,which was especially obvious at a gas power plant in Shenzhen.The emission flux was calculated by a crosssectional flux(CSF)method,the results of which differed from the Open-Data Inventory for Anthropogenic Carbon dioxide(ODIAC).The CSF result was slightly larger than others because of the low sampling rate of the whole emission cross section.The LUCCN system will be applied in future carbon monitoring campaigns to increase the spatiotemporal coverage of carbon emission information,especially in scenarios involving the detection of smaller-scale,rapidly varying sources and sinks.展开更多
Based on the analysis of primary energy consumption structure in five main provinces or municipalities in China,the factors that affect carbon emissions in the five study areas are analyzed quantitatively and comparat...Based on the analysis of primary energy consumption structure in five main provinces or municipalities in China,the factors that affect carbon emissions in the five study areas are analyzed quantitatively and comparatively with the decomposition analysis method.Empirical results demonstrate that the decomposition models of carbon emissions can be defined as "municipality model" and "provincial model",and the population factor of "municipal model" plays a significant role in carbon emissions than that of "provincial model".Either positive or negative effects of energy structure can be found in five different areas.However,there is a general trend that energy structure effort is becoming more and more important.Based on the characteristics and trends of carbon emissions in different areas,the carbon reduction measures are proposed as well.展开更多
The simplified D&L method with special properties required by ideal decomposition method was used to decompose the impact of carbon emission intensity,input-output technology,the final demand structure and the final ...The simplified D&L method with special properties required by ideal decomposition method was used to decompose the impact of carbon emission intensity,input-output technology,the final demand structure and the final demand level on changes in industrial carbon emissions in China during 1997-2012. The results showed that the final demand level which was the most important factor leading to the growth of carbon emissions performed a steadily and significantly positive and sustained effect. The carbon emissions intensity which was the only factor that led to the reduction in carbon emissions showed a negative effect. The input-output technology showed a positive effect. The final demand structure underwent a transition from a negative effect to a weak positive effect and finally to a positive effect. In order to achieve the goal of total carbon emission control,China should take some measures such as reducing direct carbon emission coefficient to strengthen the negative impact of carbon emission intensity. Meanwhile,China should implement some structural adjustment measures such as optimizing the final demand structure and reducing the proportion of industries with a great increase of influence coefficient to change the input-output technology and the final demand structure from the positive effect to the negative effect.展开更多
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(J210001)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(E2021210142)Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(21JCZXJC00160).
文摘Rail transit plays a key role in mitigating transportation system carbon emissions.Accurate measurement of urban rail transit carbon emission can help quantify the contribution of urban rail transit towards urban transportation carbon emission reduction.Since the whole life cycle of urban rail transit carbon emission measurement involves a wide range of aspects,a systematic framework model is required for analysis.This research reviews the existing studies on carbon emission of urban rail transit.First,the characteristics of urban rail transit carbon emission were determined and the complexity of carbon emission measurement was analyzed.Then,the urban rail transit carbon emission measurement models were compared and analyzed in terms of the selection of research boundaries,the types of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions calculation,and the accuracy of the measurement.Following that,an intelligent station was introduced to analyze the practical application of digital collaboration technology and energy-saving and carbon-reducing system platforms for rail transit.Finally,the urgent problems and future research directions at this stage were discussed.This research presents the necessity of establishing a dynamic carbon emission factor library and the important development trend of system integration of carbon emission measurement and digital system technology.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan(Grant No.2021YFB3901000)the Chinese Academy of Sciences Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-037)+2 种基金the International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(060GJHZ2022070MI)the MOST-ESA Dragon-5 Programme for Monitoring Greenhouse Gases from Space(ID.59355)the Finland–China Mobility Cooperation Project funded by the Academy of Finland(No.348596)。
文摘In this study,we introduce our newly developed measurement-fed-perception self-adaption Low-cost UAV Coordinated Carbon Observation Network(LUCCN)prototype.The LUCCN primarily consists of two categories of instruments,including ground-based and UAV-based in-situ measurement.We use the GMP343,a low-cost non-dispersive infrared sensor,in both ground-based and UAV-based instruments.The first integrated measurement campaign took place in Shenzhen,China,4 May 2023.During the campaign,we found that LUCCN’s UAV component presented significant data-collecting advantages over its ground-based counterpart owing to the relatively high altitudes of the point emission sources,which was especially obvious at a gas power plant in Shenzhen.The emission flux was calculated by a crosssectional flux(CSF)method,the results of which differed from the Open-Data Inventory for Anthropogenic Carbon dioxide(ODIAC).The CSF result was slightly larger than others because of the low sampling rate of the whole emission cross section.The LUCCN system will be applied in future carbon monitoring campaigns to increase the spatiotemporal coverage of carbon emission information,especially in scenarios involving the detection of smaller-scale,rapidly varying sources and sinks.
基金Project supported by the Twelfth Five-Year-Plan on Energy Conservation in Shanghai Colleges and Universitiesthe Shanghai Low-Carbon City Development Project
文摘Based on the analysis of primary energy consumption structure in five main provinces or municipalities in China,the factors that affect carbon emissions in the five study areas are analyzed quantitatively and comparatively with the decomposition analysis method.Empirical results demonstrate that the decomposition models of carbon emissions can be defined as "municipality model" and "provincial model",and the population factor of "municipal model" plays a significant role in carbon emissions than that of "provincial model".Either positive or negative effects of energy structure can be found in five different areas.However,there is a general trend that energy structure effort is becoming more and more important.Based on the characteristics and trends of carbon emissions in different areas,the carbon reduction measures are proposed as well.
基金Supported by General Project for Humanities and Social Sciences Research of Ministry of Education of China(10YJC790025)Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning Project of Zhejiang Province(10CGJJ12YBQ)
文摘The simplified D&L method with special properties required by ideal decomposition method was used to decompose the impact of carbon emission intensity,input-output technology,the final demand structure and the final demand level on changes in industrial carbon emissions in China during 1997-2012. The results showed that the final demand level which was the most important factor leading to the growth of carbon emissions performed a steadily and significantly positive and sustained effect. The carbon emissions intensity which was the only factor that led to the reduction in carbon emissions showed a negative effect. The input-output technology showed a positive effect. The final demand structure underwent a transition from a negative effect to a weak positive effect and finally to a positive effect. In order to achieve the goal of total carbon emission control,China should take some measures such as reducing direct carbon emission coefficient to strengthen the negative impact of carbon emission intensity. Meanwhile,China should implement some structural adjustment measures such as optimizing the final demand structure and reducing the proportion of industries with a great increase of influence coefficient to change the input-output technology and the final demand structure from the positive effect to the negative effect.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52079128)Anhui province university discipline(professional)top talents academic funding project,project number:gxbjZD2022085。