On the liquid-phase technology of carbon fiber/aluminum matrix composites

The main problems with the liquid-phase technology of carbon fiber/aluminum matrix composites include poor wetting of the fiber with liquid aluminum and formation of aluminum carbide on the fibers’surface.This paper aims to solve these problems.The theoretical and experimental dependence of porosity on the applied pressure were determined.The possibility of obtaining a carbon fiber/aluminum matrix composite wire with a strength value of about 1500 MPa was shown.The correlation among the strength of the carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite,the fracture surface,and the degradation of the carbon fiber surface was discussed.

Damping capacity of amorphous carbon fiber/aluminum matrix composites at room temperature

The influence of volume fraction on damping capacities at room temperature for amorphous carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites was investigated.At room temperature,the dislocation damping is the primary damping mechanism.Meanwhile,the dislocation damping exhibits dynamic hysteresis at low strain amplitudes and static hysteresis at high strain amplitudes.Moreover,the damping capacity is rather sensitive to the volume fraction.Compared to unreinforced aluminum alloy,the additions of amorphous carbon fibers into the aluminum matrix can improve damping capacity below the volume fraction of 30%,whereas worsen above the volume fraction of 40%.

3D printed aluminum matrix composites with well-defined ordered structures of shear-induced aligned carbon fibers

Carbon fiber reinforced aluminum composites with ordered architectures of shear-induced aligned carbon fibers were fabricated by 3D printing.The microstructures of the printed and sintered samples and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated.Carbon fibers and aluminum powder were bonded together with resin.The spatial arrangement of the carbon fibers was fixed in the aluminum matrix by shear-induced alignment in the3D printing process.As a result,the elongation of the composites with a parallel arrangement of aligned fibers and the impact toughness of the composites with an orthogonal arrangement were 0.82%and 0.41 J/cm^(2),respectively,about 0.4 and 0.8 times higher than that of the random arrangement.

CFRP-铝合金复合管高强混凝土短柱轴压性能研究

为研究CFRP-铝合金复合管混凝土构件的轴压性能,进行了12根短柱试件的轴向压缩试验,主要研究参数为CFRP层数。试验结果表明:复合管混凝土试件出现了多处外凸鼓曲以及对应位置混凝土被压溃的破坏形态,而空复合管试件发生了局部内凹屈曲破坏;试件轴压承载力随CFRP层数的增加而增大,且复合管混凝土试件的承载力提高幅度高于相应的空复合管试件的提高幅度。对各部分的承载力贡献比例进行分析,发现复合管混凝土试件中混凝土的承载力贡献比例超过70%,且承载力贡献度随CFRP层数的增加而提高。提出了CFRP-铝合金复合管混凝土构件的轴压承载力计算公式。

双辊铸轧工艺制备连续碳纤维增强铝基复合材料的研究

连续碳纤维增强铝基(CCF/Al)复合材料具有高比强度、低密度、良好的传热性以及低热膨胀系数等诸多优良的特性,在航空材料、汽车制造、电子设备和工业生产等领域均具有广阔的应用前景。对连续碳纤维表面涂层的制备方法进行了讨论,并总结了近年来CCF/Al复合材料的主要制备工艺、重要研究成果以及存在的问题;重点阐述了采用双辊铸轧工艺制备CCF/Al复合材料的研究结果,具体包括搭建的实验设备、改性后碳纤维的性能、所制备复合材料的组织结构及强化机理;讨论了该工艺目前存在的主要问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望。

碳/铝复合材料界面Al_(4)C_(3)相的形成与调控研究进展

石墨烯、碳纳米管和碳纤维等碳材料作为铝基复合材料的增强体时,其界面润湿性差、与Al基体结合弱等缺点限制了其增强效果。利用C与Al反应使界面黏接形式转变为部分反应结合的形式,可有效提升碳/铝(C/Al)界面强度及其载荷与功能传递的效率。然而,高温下C/Al界面反应易生成大量脆性Al_(4)C_(3),且会损伤增强体。针对C/Al界面Al_(4)C_(3)的调控,本文首先介绍了其形成机制、对C/Al复合材料界面结合和性能的作用,随后从碳增强体表面涂层、纳米颗粒修饰、Al基体合金化,以及复合制备、热加工与处理工艺优化等方面,综述了Al_(4)C_(3)生成量与形貌的控制研究及效果,最后展望了C/Al复合材料界面与性能的研究方向,以期通过碳增强体跨尺度设计与界面构型控制,挖掘石墨烯、碳纳米管和碳纤维增强Al基体的最大潜能。

循环盐雾环境中碳纤维复合材料-6082铝合金螺栓连接结构中铝合金的腐蚀行为

采用循环盐雾加速腐蚀试验,通过腐蚀速率测试、腐蚀形貌观察和电化学方法研究了碳纤维复合材料-6082铝合金螺栓连接结构中6082铝合金的腐蚀行为。结果表明:与碳纤维复合材料连接后,6082铝合金的腐蚀速率是未连接试样的13倍,铝合金与裸露的碳纤维接触处的腐蚀最严重。随着腐蚀时间的延长,铝合金的腐蚀电位逐渐下降,腐蚀电流密度增大,耐蚀性减弱,铝合金表面的腐蚀产物逐渐形成致密和疏松的双层结构。

基于光纤传感技术的多股碳纤维复合芯导线隐蔽性缺陷检测

为解决大容量、大跨越输电用碳纤维导线由于隐蔽性缺陷无法检出而导致频繁断线的问题,提出了一种基于光纤传感技术的多股碳纤维复合芯导线隐蔽性缺陷检测方法。该方法通过搭建导线运行环境并模拟导线运行工况,采用基于分布式光纤布里渊散射的时域反射技术,检测碳纤维导线的温度和应变分布情况,并结合光时域反射技术,检测碳纤维导线中光纤的损耗情况。经过综合对比分析,获取可表征多股碳纤维缺陷隐蔽性缺陷的光纤温度、应变、损耗等信号特征量,并构建神经网络模型,将各信号特征量作为模型输入,通过模型训练确定模型内各权系数,使其能够有效地检测多股碳纤维复合芯导线隐蔽性缺陷。实验结果表明,该方法可有效获取各类光纤信号特征量,并且能够准确地检测各类导线隐蔽性缺陷,具有重要的实际应用价值。

Comparative study on the interface and mechanical properties of T700/Al and M40/Al composites

T700/Al and M40/Al composites were fabricated by squeeze casting technology, and their interface and mechanical properties were investigated comparatively. The results showed that both of the composites were dense, and the fibers were distributed uniformly in aluminum matrix. Aluminum carbide （Al4C3） was observed on the interface of the two carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum （Cf/Al） composites. There was little Al4C3 with a length of 300-500 nm and a width of 30-60 nm in the M40/Al composite, whereas there was a great deal of Al4C3 with a length of 200-400 nm and a width of 100-200 nm in the T700/Al composite, due to a higher graphitization of M40Cf than T700Cf. The M40/Al composite showed a much higher tensile strength than the TT00/Al composite, and it was related to interracial bonding between carbon fibers and aluminum matrices.

Improved multi-orientation dispersion of short carbon fibers in aluminum matrix composites prepared with square crucible by mechanical stirring

In order to improve the strength of short carbon fibers reinforced aluminum matrix(Csf/Al)composite,the dispersion of short carbon fibers with multi-orientation was controlled with a square crucible by mechanical stirring.The three-dimensional flow field models of liquid aluminum melt in the square/round crucibles were established and calculated,and the results were compared.The calculated results show that turbulent flow could be induced both in the square and round crucible,while the non-axisymmetric structure of the square crucible results in higher turbulent kinetic energy in the melt.Therefore,the uniformity and multi-orientation dispersion of the short fibers can be improved by the intensive turbulent flow in the square crucible,which will be increased by increasing the rotational velocity.The distribution of the short carbon fibers in the aluminum matrix prepared under different rotation velocities in square crucible was experimentally investigated.With the increase of stirring velocity,the multi-orientation dispersion of the short fibers in the composites increased gradually.The experimental results are consistent with the calculation results.The tensile testing results show that the strength of the Csf/Al composite can reach 172 MPa when the rotational velocity is 1000 rpm,and it is 48.3%higher than that prepared by the round crucible under the same conditions,which results from the improved multi-orientation dispersion of short carbon fibers in aluminum matrix.

Self-lubricating bidirectional carbon fiber reinforced smart aluminum composites by squeeze infiltration process

Self-lubrication is one of the smart material properties required for producing components with enhanced wear resistance and low coefficient of friction.Bidirectional(BD)satin weave polyacrylonitrile(PAN)based carbon fiber(Cf)fabric preform was successfully infiltrated with Al 6061 alloy by squeeze infiltration process.The infiltrated composite shows uniform distribution of carbon fibers in the matrix with the elimination of porosities,fiber damage and close control on the formation of deleterious aluminum carbide(Al4C3)phase.Cf/Al composite exhibits remarkable wear resistance compared to unreinforced alloy due to the formation of self-lubricating tribolayer on the pin surface,which intercepts the contact of matrix metal to counter surface.The BD carbon fiber enhanced the hardness and compressive strength of the composite by restraining the plastic flow behavior of matrix.High resolution transmission electron microscopy shows the presence of Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 spinel,confirmed by EDS and SAD pattern,at the composite interface.The composite shows a lower density of 2.16 g/cm^3 which is a major ad vantage for weight reduction compared to the monolithic alloy(2.7 g/cm^3).

Bending mechanical property and failure mechanisms of woven carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum alloy composite

Copper-coated woven carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum alloy composite was prepared by spark plasma sintering （SPS）. Microstructure, three-point bending mechanical property, and the failure mechanisms of the composite were investigated. Microstructure observation shows that the carbon fibers bond compactly with matrix alloy. Compared with the matrix aluminum alloy, the bending strength, ductility, fracture energy, and cracking resistance of the composite are evidently improved. Microstructure analyses reveal that the high specific strength of carbon fibers and transfer of stress from matrix alloy to carbon fibers are responsible for the increase of the composite bending strength. The expanding of cracks is restrained, and cracking resistance of the composite is improved by adding woven carbon fiber. Attributed to the carbon fibers＇ debonding, cracks deflection, and multipath propagation mechanisms, the fracture energy of the composite increases.

Effect of CeO_2 on Corrosion Resistance of C_f/2024 Composites

The corrosion resistance of 2024 alloys and Cf/2024 composites in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution at normal temperature was studied by IM6e electrochemical measurement system, scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and electron diffraction scanning(EDS). The results indicate that CeO2 can raise the corrosion potential of the 2024 alloys and the Cf /2024 composites, prevent the pitting on the alloys and composites surface, and restrain the reaction of divided hydrogen, refine grain, and make the surface more even.

Effect of coating thickness on microstructures and mechanical properties of C/Cu/Al composites

The different copper coatings with thickness varying from 0.3μm to 1.5μm were deposited on carbon fibers using either electroless plating or electroplating method. The coated fibers were chopped and composites were fabricated with melting aluminum at 700℃. The effect of the copper layer on the microstructure in the system was discussed. The results show that the copper layer has fully reacted with aluminum matrix, and the intermetallic compound CuAl2 forms through SEM observation and XRD, EDX analysis. The results of tensile tests indicate that composites fabricated using carbon fibers with 0.7-1.1μm copper coating perform best and the composites turn to more brittle as the thickness of copper coating increases. The fracture surface observation exhibits good interface bonding and ductility of the matrix alloy when the thickness of copper coating is about 0.7-1.1μm.

碳纤维/铝基复合材料的制备与性能

电磁发射具有隐蔽性好、发射速度快等特点,近年来得到快速发展,具有成为新一代远程精确打击武器的巨大潜力,但是在电磁场、热力场等多场耦合的极端环境下,目前所使用的电枢难以满足服役要求。为此,以长径比为10∶1的碳纤维和气雾化的纯铝粉为原料,结合冷等静压成形、烧结及热挤压工艺制备了碳纤维/铝基自润滑复合材料电枢,对比了不同碳纤维含量的复合材料的微观组织、力电性能及摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:当碳纤维含量≤8 wt%时,碳纤维均匀分布于铝基体中,且平行于挤压方向排布,具有明显方向性;碳纤维的添加提升了基体的强度,并且使复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损量明显低于纯铝基体,对摩副的粘铝量也随之减少;当碳纤维含量达到10 wt%,复合材料的力电性能明显下降;当碳纤维含量为8 wt%时,复合材料的综合性能最好,抗拉强度为219 MPa,导电率为49.2%IACS,摩擦系数为0.22。

碳纤维复合芯导线缺陷检测技术现状及进展

碳纤维复合芯导线有着低密度、高强度、高弹性模量、低线损等诸多优点,可以大幅度提升线路的运输容量,但是因为不耐弯折与其他人为因素使得其内部存在各种缺陷,最终导致断线事故的发生,严重危害线路的运行安全。分析了碳纤维复合导线的应用现状,总结了几种碳纤维复合芯导线的常用无损检测技术,针对各种技术的原理和特点进行了分析,简要叙述了相关技术的优点与不足。最后指出碳纤维复合芯导线的无损检测技术依然需要大量的研究工作。

一种双相增强2024Al复合材料的制备及其力学性能研究

为了提高2024Al基复合材料的强度和塑性,通过球磨和放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)制备了TiB_(2)-C_(f)(Ni)/2024Al复合材料。使用SEM对所制备材料的微观组织进行表征;使用XRD对材料的物相组成进行表征;使用维氏硬度计对复合材料的硬度进行测试;使用拉伸试验机对所制备材料的拉伸力学性能进行测试,并且通过拉伸断口的SEM形貌分析了所制备材料的断裂机理。结果表明:在TiB_(2)-C_(f)(Ni)/2024Al中,碳纤维和TiB_(2)均匀分布在铝基体中,其析出相Al_(2)Cu、Al_(2)CuMg的尺寸比2024Al、TiB_(2)/2024Al、C_(f)(Ni)/2024Al析出相的尺寸更加细小。TiB_(2)-C_(f)(Ni)/2024Al的硬度达到115.8 HV,抗拉强度为345.0 MPa,断裂伸长率为8.5%,相比于2024Al的分别提高27.5%、33.9%和129.7%。

“口”字形碳纤维/铝复合材料的制备及力学性能

为实现汽车轻量化,提高汽车安全系数,以碳纤维、铝板为增强材料,环氧树脂为基体,采用真空导入成型工艺制备超混杂三维编织“口”字形碳纤维/铝复合材料,研究了所制备复合材料的弯曲和冲击性能,分析“口”字形编织及铝板对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:采用“口”字形编织,解决了纯碳纤维树脂基复合材料韧性差的问题,在减轻质量的同时使得复合材料挠度增大,冲击强度提高16.64%;在编织时加入铝板,复合材料承受弯曲载荷提高26.02%,冲击强度在“口”字形编织的基础上再提高23.53%。

碳纤维铝蜂窝复合材料汽车保险杠横梁轻量化设计

采用碳纤维铝蜂窝复合材料替代原铝合金材料,对汽车的保险杠横梁进行轻量化设计,并利用Abaqus CAE软件对比分析铝合金(6082-T6)、T300和T700碳纤维以及T300碳纤维铝蜂窝复合材料保险杠横梁的力学性能。利用碳纤维铝蜂窝复合材料结构方面的可设计性,探索碳纤维铝蜂窝复合材料面板的厚度、铝蜂窝的边长尺寸以及铝蜂窝的壁厚等结构参数对碳纤维铝蜂窝复合材料保险杠横梁性能的影响规律,通过调节结构参数获得最优性能的碳纤维铝蜂窝复合材料汽车保险杠横梁。结果显示,设计的H4碳纤维铝蜂窝复合材料的保险杠横梁的抗冲击性能优于传统铝合金,并且能减重50%左右,满足使用要求且轻量化效果显著。

梯度碳纤维复合材料/铝合金复合多胞管斜压失稳研究

以碳纤维复合材料(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer/Plastic,CFRP)/铝合金复合多胞吸能管为研究对象,建立基于试验验证的高精度有限元模型,对比分析了CFRP/铝合金复合单胞管与多胞管在多角度斜向压缩工况下的动力学响应,阐明CFRP/铝合金复合多胞管的优缺点,解析CFRP与铝合金的吸能贡献机制。针对CFRP/铝合金多胞管大角度工况下的斜压失稳问题,提出一种基于CFRP梯度缠绕策略的失稳控制方法,明确了以CFRP正向梯度缠绕铝合金复合多胞管为基础构型的解决方案。通过对梯度厚度差值与梯度层数进行参数化研究,建立了高效精准的梯度设计策略,确保CFRP/铝合金复合多胞管在期望角度范围内始终保持稳定高效的变形模式,实现多工况综合耐撞性能的显著提升。研究成果为多材料轻质安全车身结构的耐撞性设计提供理论指导与共性技术支撑。