Influence of Low-velocity Impact on Damage Behavior of Carbon Fiber-reinforced Composites

A combination of experimental measurements and numerical analysis was utilized to study the low-velocity impact damage of domestic carbon fiber-reinforced composites(CFRCs).The results indicated that the low-velocity impact damage induced pits and longitudinal cracks on the front side,oblique cracks and delaminationin on the back side.The pit depth increased with the increasing impact energy.It was demonstrated that the numerical analysis strain history curve was similar to the experimentally measured strain history curve,which verified the accuracy of numerical analysis in which the Hashin failure criterion was used.The work provides basic data and theoretical basis for the promotion and application of the domestic carbon fiber,and demonstrates the feasibility of replacing imported carbon fibers with domestic carbon fibers.

Impact Responses of the Carbon Fiber Fabric Reinforced Composites

To study the response characteristics of the carbon fiber fabric reinforced composites under impact loading, one dimensional strain impact test, multi gauge technique and Lagrange analysis method are used. The decaying rule of the stress σ , strain ε , strain rate ε · and density ρ with time and space is obtained. By the theory of dynamics, the impact response characteristics of the material is analyzed and discussed.

Toughness and Fracture Mechanism of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

The fracture toughness of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite(CFRP)was investigated through mode I and mode II shaped fracture system in this paper.A novel polyimide with trifluoromethyl groups and grafted nanosilica were used to modify epoxy resin.Effect of modified resin and unmodified resin on fracture toughness of CFRP was compared and discussed.Lay-up angles and thicknesses effects on fracture toughness of composites were also investigated.The fracture toughness of CFRP was obtained through double cantilever beam(DCB)and end notched flexure(ENF)tests.The results showed that the composites prepared by modified resin exhibited high fracture toughness compared with unmodified composites.The fracture toughness value of mode I increased from 1.83 kJ/m2 to 4.55 kJ/m2.The fracture toughness value of mode II increased from 2.30 kJ/m2 to 6.47 kJ/m2.

Fabrication of solid-phase-sintered Si C-based composites with short carbon fibers

Solid-phase-sintered Si C-based composites with short carbon fibers（Csf/SSi C） in concentrations ranging from 0 to 10wt% were prepared by pressureless sintering at 2100°C. The phase composition, microstructure, density, and flexural strength of the composites with different Csf contents were investigated. SEM micrographs showed that the Csf distributed in the SSi C matrix homogeneously with some gaps at the fiber/matrix interfaces. The densities of the composites decreased with increasing Csf content. However, the bending strength first increased and then decreased with increasing Csf content, reaching a maximum value of 390 MPa at a Csf content of 5wt%, which was 60 MPa higher than that of SSi C because of the pull-out strengthening mechanism. Notably, Csf was graphitized and damaged during the sintering process because of the high temperature and reaction with boron derived from the sintering additive B4C; this graphitization degraded the fiber strengthening effect.

Electromagnetic Shielding and Absorption Properties of Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites

In order to investigate the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness （SE） and absorbing properties of fiber reinforced concrete, steel fiber, carbon fiber and synthetic polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） fiber reinforced concrete were researched. The results show that with the increase of fiber Volume fraction, the SE and trend of frequency change of corresponding fiber reinforced concrete are enhanced. When the volume content of steel fiber is 3%, the SE of concrete is above 50 dB and its frequency is above 1.8 GHz. Moreover, in the range of 8-18 GHz, steel fiber, carbon fiber and PVA fiber all can improve the microwave absorption properties of concrete. The concrete with 0.5% carbon fiber can achieve the best absorbing property, the minimum reflectivity is about -7 dB; while steel fiber optimal volume fraction is 2%. The reflectivity curve of PVA fiber reinforced concrete fluctuates with the frequency, and the minimum value of the reflectivity is below -10 dB. The results show that fiber reinforced concrete could be used as EMI（electromagnetic interference） prevention buildings by attenuating and reflecting electromagnetic wave energy.

冰球和钨珠非正冲击下T800-CFRP层合板损伤特性的研究

通过试验和仿真相结合的方法研究了T800碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)层合板在冰球和钨珠非正冲击作用下的损伤特性。首先开展了冰球和钨珠在给定工况下高速撞击T800-CFRP层合板试验,以此对仿真模型的有效性进行验证;然后讨论了T800-CFRP层合板在两种冲击体以不同冲击能量与冲击角度作用下的损伤特性及其差异性。研究表明:钨珠在冲击能量较低时就能对层合板造成穿孔损伤,但随着冲击能量增大层合板的损伤程度呈下降趋势;冰球对层合板造成损伤的冲击能量阈值与钨珠的相比要高很多,且随着冲击能量的增加损伤程度明显加剧;钨珠在冲击角度为45°和60°时造成的损伤与正冲击的情况相比要更加严重,而冲击角度为30°时造成的损伤却小于正冲击的情况;冰球冲击时,层合板的损伤程度随冲击角度的增加而减小。该研究有助于深化对T800-CFRP层合板在冲击载荷作用下的损伤与破坏行为的认识,具有重要的科学意义和工程应用价值。

CFRP-铝合金复合管高强混凝土短柱轴压性能研究

为研究CFRP-铝合金复合管混凝土构件的轴压性能,进行了12根短柱试件的轴向压缩试验,主要研究参数为CFRP层数。试验结果表明:复合管混凝土试件出现了多处外凸鼓曲以及对应位置混凝土被压溃的破坏形态,而空复合管试件发生了局部内凹屈曲破坏;试件轴压承载力随CFRP层数的增加而增大,且复合管混凝土试件的承载力提高幅度高于相应的空复合管试件的提高幅度。对各部分的承载力贡献比例进行分析,发现复合管混凝土试件中混凝土的承载力贡献比例超过70%,且承载力贡献度随CFRP层数的增加而提高。提出了CFRP-铝合金复合管混凝土构件的轴压承载力计算公式。

Detection of stacking orientation error of CFRP composite laminates using ultrasound waves

A jig was developed for generating a shear wave. A pyramid with an isosceles triangle with two 45o was made of aluminum to generate shear waves using two longitudinal transducers based on ultrasonic-polarized mechanism. Also, the signal splitter was connected to the pulser jack on the pulser/receiver and to the longitudinal transducers. Therefore, an experimental way was performed in order to make shear wave on the bottom of aluminum alloyed pyramid. Also, a jig was manufactured and developed for generating a shear wave based on the computer numerical simulation. It is found that the experimentally shear wave variation of newly-designed jig is consistent with computer numerical simulation results and shear wave ultrasonic application can be very useful to detect the defects in CFRP composites.

Study of damage behavior and repair effectiveness of patch repaired carbon fiber laminate under quasi-static indentation loading

Damage caused due to low-velocity impacts in composites leads to substantial deterioration in their residual strength and eventually provokes structural failure.This work presents an experimental investigation on the effects of different patch and parent laminate stacking sequences on the enhancement of impact strength of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers(CFRP)composites by utilising the adhesively bonded external patch repair technique.Damage evolution study is also performed with the aid of Acoustic Emission(AE).Two different quasi-isotropic configurations were selected for the parent laminate,viz.,[45°/45°/0°/0°]s and[45°/0°/45°/0°]s.Quasi Static Indentation(QSI)test was performed on both the pristine laminates,and damage areas were detected by using the C-scan inspection technique.Damaged laminates were repaired by using a single-sided patch of two different configurations,viz.,[45°/45°/45°/45°]and[45°/0°/0°/45°],and employing a circular plug to fill the damaged hole.Four different combinations of repaired laminates with two configurations of each parent and patch laminate were produced,which were further subjected to the QSI test.The results reveal the effectiveness of the repair method,as all the repaired laminates show higher impact resistance compared to the respective pristine laminates.Patches of[45°/0°/0°/45°]configuration when repaired by taking[45°/45°/0°/0°]s and[45°/0°/45°/0°]s as parents exhibited 68%and 73%higher peak loads,respectively,than the respective pristine laminates.Furthermore,parent and patch of configuration[45°/0°/45°/0°]s and[45°/0°/0°/45°],respectively,attain the highest peak load,whereas[45°/45°/0°/0°]s and[45°/45°/45°/45°]combinations possess the most gradual decrease in the load.

CFRP布对先张法预应力Bulb-T梁抗弯性能影响研究

为研究碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)布对先张法预应力Bulb-T梁抗弯性能的影响,采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了三维实体模型,并进行了四点弯曲试验数值模拟,分析了在不同CFRP布加固方式下Bulb-T梁损伤过程及受力性能。结果表明:先张法预应力Bulb-T梁模拟值与试验结果误差较小,建立的模型可以较准确地模拟足尺预应力钢混梁的破坏形态、预拱度、荷载-位移曲线;CFRP加固能够显著提升梁体的抗弯刚度及开裂荷载,延缓开裂时间、抑制裂缝的扩展,其中,下翼缘板底部粘贴CFRP布可在失效前对跨中裂缝密集区起到有效控制,弯剪区包裹加固减小了梁体加载点及垫块之间“八”字形裂缝的展开;下翼缘板底部粘贴CFRP布对抗弯承载力的提升效果更加显著,且极限承载力和刚度随着加固层数的增加而增大。

Environmentally Friendly Sizing Strategy for PBO Fiber-reinforced Composites through Building Carbon Nanosphere Coatings

Sizing treatment has shown great potential in improving the interfacial properties of poly(p-phenylene benzodioxazole)(PBO)fiber-reinforced composites,but is severely limited due to the use of flammable and explosive organic solvents.Herein,a new high-efficiency waterborne sizing agent has been developed by using functionalized carbon nanospheres(CNSs)as a nano-reinforcement.Due to abundant oxygen-containing groups,the CNSs greatly improves the surface activity,wettability,and roughness of the PBO fibers.As a result,the interfacial shear strength of the CNSs sized fiber-reinforced composite increases by 79.6%compared with that of the pristine fiber-reinforced composite.Moreover,the excellent mechanical and thermal properties of the PBO fibers remain almost unchanged after sizing treatment.Thus,this work provides an environmentally friendly and scalable method for constructing a strong interface between the PBO fibers and the matrix resins,which makes sense in promoting the application of PBO fiber-reinforced composites in aerospace and military industries.

冻融循环下CFRP—高性能混凝土的粘结性能

通过双面剪切试验,研究了冻融环境下CFRP-高性能混凝土界面粘结性能的发展规律。对比分析了未经冻融和经历25、50、100、150、200及300次冻融循环作用试件的破坏特征、剪应变分布、荷载滑移曲线、粘结承载力以及粘结破坏机理。结果表明,所有试件的界面破坏均发生在混凝土表层内,但随着冻融循环次数的增加,破坏界面有向胶层发展的趋势;经受冻融循环次数较少时(25、50次),界面的粘结强度、刚度及开裂荷载的变化不明显,甚至略微提高;但随着冻融循环次数的进一步增加,界面粘结性能有明显的变化,界面粘结强度、端部滑移量减小,刚度退化,初始开裂荷载水平降低,非线性特征增强。粘结极限承载力与混凝土立方体抗压强度均随冻融循环次数的增长存在先提高后下降的趋势,混凝土强度变化是界面粘结性能变化的最重要因素。

CFRP加固锈蚀钢筋混凝土柱承载力试验研究

设计制作12根钢筋混凝土试验柱,研究在轴心受压、小偏心受压和大偏心受压条件下试验柱承载力的降低规律和碳纤维布(CFRP)加固后锈损柱承载力恢复的规律。

预应力CFRP板加固钢-混凝土组合梁受弯性能试验

为研究钢-混凝土组合梁经预应力碳纤维板加固后的受弯性能,设计4根预应力碳纤维板加固试件和1根不加固的对比试件. 5根试件均为工字形钢-混凝土组合简支梁,采用四点弯曲静力加载.锚固装置为自主研发的装配式预应力碳纤维板锚固系统,碳纤维板与钢梁之间的锚固主要依靠端部锚具,并辅之以专用环氧胶的黏结作用.试验中考虑碳纤维板的加固量和预应力水平两种因素对加固效果的影响.结果表明:加载全过程截面应变基本符合平截面假定;增大碳纤维板的加固量能提高钢-混凝土组合梁的抗弯极限承载力;增大碳纤维板的预应力有助于提高钢-混凝土组合梁的屈服承载力,对结构抗弯刚度贡献有限;破坏阶段碳纤维板有断裂和剥离两种形式,其强度利用率可达到80%以上.所采用的锚固系统锚固力大、可靠度高,工程实用价值大;预应力碳纤维板加固钢-混凝土组合梁,能有效提高结构的抗弯承载力,是一种补强效果很好的主动加固技术.

主动成形准各向同性CFRP复合材料反射镜的铺层设计

要实现高精度的碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)复合材料反射镜的主动成形,使用面内刚度和弯曲刚度均为准各向同性的层合板非常重要。先建立对称层合板几何模型,根据经典层合板理论,得到准各向同性的要求下,正则化面内刚度系数、弯曲刚度系数以及正则化几何因子应满足的条件,确定单层组数最大的铺层方式,并提出以正则化刚度系数和几何因子表示的两种铺层顺序优化方法。然后,针对M40/环氧648材料,通过编程得到不同定向单层数量下的最佳铺层顺序。最后,用两种优化方法下的优化结果分别建立口径500 mm的壳体模型,经有限元静力学分析,得到模型上相同半径上各节点在光轴方向的变形量,并进行数据处理。结果表明:总层数为24层时,铺层顺序为[45/-15/-75/90/15/-45/-30/60/-60/0/30/75]s的层合板弯曲刚度的均匀性最佳。采用正则化刚度系数优化方法 Di*j=Ai*j,可得到准各向同性层合板铺层顺序的最优化方案;当总层数一定且单层组数最大时,增加定向单层数,将增加层合板弯曲刚度的均匀性。采用正则化刚度系数法对铺层顺序进行优化为准各向同性CFRP复合材料反射镜的铺层设计提供了一种方法。

负载下CFRP与钢板复合加固钢筋混凝土梁抗弯试验及设计理论

模拟实际构件的加固及受力过程,对不同负载下外贴碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)与钢板复合加固梁进行受弯试验与理论分析。试验梁4根,其中CFRP与钢板复合加固梁3根和对比梁1根。研究负载下CFRP与钢板复合加固梁的抗弯性能及负载水平对其的影响。最后推导负载下复合加固梁的抗弯极限承载力、挠度及裂缝宽度计算公式。实验结果表明:复合加固梁的承载力和抗弯刚度都显著提高,且破坏时复合加固梁具有较好的延性;负载对梁的承载力几乎没有影响,可以忽略,但对梁的抗弯刚度和裂缝宽度影响显著,尤其是在屈服阶段前;承载力、挠度和裂缝宽度的计算结果与试验数据较吻合,可供实际工程加固设计参考。

超千米级CFRP与钢组合拉索斜拉桥动力性能分析

为研究超千米级碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)与钢组合拉索斜拉桥动力性能,参考苏通大桥设计参数,选择优化的组合拉索面积比,分别建立1 400 m CFRP与钢组合拉索斜拉桥有限元模型以及全钢、全CFRP拉索斜拉桥2个对比模型.首先,对组合拉索斜拉桥以及对比模型的固有频率和振型进行计算.然后,选择典型地震波进行地震动响应时程分析,并分别研究一维激励和三维激励2种输入形式.最后,采用规范法,从颤振稳定性、静力扭转稳定性以及抖振振幅估计3个方面对抗风稳定性进行分析.结果表明:采用合理优化面积比0.35,可使CFRP与钢组合拉索斜拉桥的抗震性能不仅优于传统钢拉索设计以及价格昂贵的全CFRP拉索设计,而且其主要构件内力数值也较低;对于抗风稳定性,组合拉索斜拉桥略低于全钢拉索设计,但明显优于全CRFP拉索设计,可在减轻拉索自重的同时提高其经济性能.

负载对CFRP及CFRP与钢板复合加固R.C梁抗弯性能的影响

对不同负载下7根外贴CFRP或CFRP与钢板复合加固钢筋混凝土梁进行抗弯试验,研究负载时CFRP或CFRP与钢板复合加固梁的抗弯性能及负载水平的影响。试验结果表明：粘贴CFRP加固梁极限承载力显著提高,但屈服荷载和屈服阶段前梁的刚度提高较小,且负载对承载力提高限值有较大的影响,负载越大,承载力提高限值越小;而粘贴CFRP与钢板复合加固梁承载力和刚度都显著提高,且破坏时具有较好的延性,复合加固梁承载力提高限值远远比单一材料加固的大,承载力限值可提高113.13%~147.23%;负载对加固梁承载力影响较小,可以忽略,但对加固梁结构的使用性能影响较大,所以,在实际加固工程中尽量要卸载。

表面微沟槽对Al/CFRP胶结性能的影响

以光洁表面和带有沟槽形貌特征的Al/CFRP(碳纤维增强复合材料)单搭接头胶结强度为研究对象,建立了相关的数值模拟模型。对比分析了光洁表面与微沟槽表面对胶结强度的影响,且进一步探讨了不同深度微沟槽对胶结强度的影响。数值模拟结果表明:带有微沟槽表面的5052板材与CFRP的胶结强度优于光洁表面与CFRP的胶结强度;增加微沟槽的深度能提高胶结强度,且随着微沟槽深度的增大,胶结强度逐渐增大。最后进行了试验验证,结果与数值模拟结果一致,即随着沟槽深度的增大,胶结接头破坏载荷不断升高,然而随着沟槽深度的进一步增大,破坏载荷增大趋势放缓。

碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)在汽车轻量化中的应用

针对传统汽车在制造过程中存在的高油耗、质量大、安全性低等问题,采用将碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)应用于汽车零部件制造过程的方式,并结合计算机辅助工程(CAE)对汽车进行结构优化,可有效根据汽车的不同结构及用途灵活的对产品进行设计及加工成型,有利于最大限度的减轻汽车整体质量,利用碳纤维复合材料超高的自身频率及吸收震动能量,使该材料的震动阻尼系数不断增高,在汽车遭受冲击时,碳纤维复合材料可有效吸收冲击能量,提高驾驶人员的安全性。将该材料应用于汽车生产领域,可实现降低油耗、减少排放的目的。