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正构烷烃示源的阜新细河河道石油烃类污染特征及其影响因素分析
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作者 杨奇丽 窦韦丽 +2 位作者 刘之文 郭景 吕刚 《生态环境学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2023年第3期599-608,共10页
研究典型北方城市阜新主河(细河)河底沉积物和水中正构烷烃的含量和组成特征及相关关系,并对北方城市河道系统石油烃类污染的来源示踪和环境影响效应进行分析。选取细河阜新段分布的12个河底沉积物样点和13个水体样点环境样品的正构烷... 研究典型北方城市阜新主河(细河)河底沉积物和水中正构烷烃的含量和组成特征及相关关系,并对北方城市河道系统石油烃类污染的来源示踪和环境影响效应进行分析。选取细河阜新段分布的12个河底沉积物样点和13个水体样点环境样品的正构烷烃浓度、组成特征和物源指示性指标(主峰碳数、碳优势指数ICP、短链/长链正构烷烃丰度比值RL/H等)进行石油烃类污染物的示源分析,采用模型构建的方法进行了水体和沉积物正构烷烃浓度和ICP转换关系的建立,并讨论了二者结果对应性差异产生的主要原因。结果表明,(1)正构烷烃特征分布显示,细河河道正构烷烃组成主要分为两种类型:单峰型和双峰型,以双峰型为主。低碳数主要以nC15、nC17、nC19为主碳峰或次主峰,高碳数主要以nC29、nC31为主碳峰或次主峰。(2)沉积物和水体ICP和RL/H分析显示,细河阜新段河流中正构烷烃主要来源于石油和不完全燃烧的化石燃料以及陆源高等植物的混合输入。对比pH值,发现除异常点HD-8、ST-2和ST-3外,其余点位均为沉积物pH值大于水体pH值且为弱碱性,表明河流底泥污染较水体严重。(3)河流水体总正构烷烃质量浓度范围为39.5-8.13×10^(3)ng·L^(−1),沉积物总正构烷烃质量浓度范围为1.38-21.5μg·g^(−1)。(4)河底沉积物-水ICP转换表明,长期人类活动对河流沉积物中正构烷烃影响较大,突发性外源输入对水体正构烷烃影响较大。(5)河流正构烷烃浓度转换分析显示,采样期间除ST-1和ST-8水体采样点外,其余水体样点处没有突发性直接石油烃类污染排放。该研究结果可以为北方城市同类城市河道污染示源和石油烃类治理污染提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 正构烷烃 沉积物 水体 转换关系 碳优势指数(icp) 示源
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气溶胶中正构烷烃的碳优先指数研究 被引量:11
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作者 汤国才 柳庸行 《环境化学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 1992年第6期21-25,共5页
本文研究了北京、广州两地不同季节气溶胶颗粒物上正构烷烃的碳优先指数值(CPI)随季节和颗粒物粒径的变化规律。结果表明,北京地区气溶胶中正构烷烃的CPI值:春>夏>秋>冬;广州地区为冬>春>夏,显示了不同的地区特征,而且... 本文研究了北京、广州两地不同季节气溶胶颗粒物上正构烷烃的碳优先指数值(CPI)随季节和颗粒物粒径的变化规律。结果表明,北京地区气溶胶中正构烷烃的CPI值:春>夏>秋>冬;广州地区为冬>春>夏,显示了不同的地区特征,而且随着气溶胶颗粒物粒径的减小,正构烷烃的CPI值亦减小。 展开更多
关键词 气溶胶 正构烷烃 碳优先指数
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长春市土壤中正构烷烃的分布特征及来源
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作者 刘晓秋 陆继龙 +2 位作者 赵玉岩 蔡波 王春珍 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第S3期232-238,共7页
采用气相色谱仪研究了吉林省长春市具有代表性的功能区表层土壤中正构烷烃的组成和分布特征,对其来源进行了分析。研究结果表明:不同功能区土壤中正构烷烃Pr/Ph(姥鲛烷/植烷)平均为0.79,碳优势指数CPI1平均值为0.78,主要来源于陆生高等... 采用气相色谱仪研究了吉林省长春市具有代表性的功能区表层土壤中正构烷烃的组成和分布特征,对其来源进行了分析。研究结果表明:不同功能区土壤中正构烷烃Pr/Ph(姥鲛烷/植烷)平均为0.79,碳优势指数CPI1平均值为0.78,主要来源于陆生高等植物和人类活动源,其组成及质量分数存在明显差异;其中城区交通干道、工厂区、加油站等功能区,土壤中正构烷烃质量分数达到10×10-6以上,明显高于其他地区;原因是化石类燃料的大量密集使用对周边环境造成了污染。 展开更多
关键词 城区土壤 正构烷烃 碳优势指数 气相色谱 长春市
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唐山市大气气溶胶中正构烷烃污染特征及来源分析 被引量:9
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作者 程玲珑 李杏茹 +1 位作者 徐小娟 王跃思 《环境化学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2016年第9期1808-1814,共7页
为了解唐山市大气气溶胶中有机物的污染现状,于2010年9月—2011年8月利用安德森8级撞击采样器在河北省唐山市采集了大气颗粒物样品,采用GC/MS法对细粒子(PM_(2.1))和粗粒子(PM_(>2.1))中的19种(C14—C32)正构烷烃进行了定量分析.结... 为了解唐山市大气气溶胶中有机物的污染现状,于2010年9月—2011年8月利用安德森8级撞击采样器在河北省唐山市采集了大气颗粒物样品,采用GC/MS法对细粒子(PM_(2.1))和粗粒子(PM_(>2.1))中的19种(C14—C32)正构烷烃进行了定量分析.结果表明,PM_(2.1)和PM_(>2.1)中正构烷烃年均浓度分别为632.6 ng·m^(-3)和445.6 ng·m^(-3),主要富集在细粒子中,质量浓度季节变化规律为冬>春>秋>夏;细粒子中,春、夏、秋、冬主峰碳(Cmax)分别为C29、C27、C21和C21;粗粒子中,春、夏、秋、冬Cmax分别为C31、C27、C22和C22,粗细粒子中碳优势指数(CPI)在1左右,说明唐山地区正构烷烃的污染主要受人为源影响很大.粗细粒子植物蜡贡献率分别为2.19%—57.62%和0.83%—49.87%,夏季植物蜡分布值最大,冬季最小,表明夏季植物源对正构烷烃的贡献相对较大,冬季正构烷烃的排放主要来源于人为活动(汽车尾气、化石燃料燃烧等),植物源贡献相对较少. 展开更多
关键词 气溶胶 正构烷烃 主峰碳 碳优势指数 唐山市
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生长环境对地瓜藤叶表皮烷烃含量及组成的影响 被引量:2
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作者 和玉吉 郭娜 +3 位作者 高建花 张震 刘明秀 郭彦军 《草地学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2015年第1期114-119,共6页
在重庆市缙云山、金佛山、歌乐山按不同海拔采集地瓜藤(Ficus tikoua)叶片,经氯仿浸提后采用柱层析技术分离正烷烃,并采用色谱技术分析其组分及含量,旨在分析地瓜藤叶表皮蜡质及其组成对生长环境的响应,为合理利用地被植物提供理论依... 在重庆市缙云山、金佛山、歌乐山按不同海拔采集地瓜藤(Ficus tikoua)叶片,经氯仿浸提后采用柱层析技术分离正烷烃,并采用色谱技术分析其组分及含量,旨在分析地瓜藤叶表皮蜡质及其组成对生长环境的响应,为合理利用地被植物提供理论依据.结果表明:地瓜藤叶表皮蜡质中主要正烷烃为C18~C33,优势峰为C31和C29,不因环境差异而发生改变;短链烷烃相对含量随海拔的升高而减少,长链奇数烷烃的相对含量随海拔的升高而增加,具有明显的奇偶优势.相关性分析结果表明年均温与碳优势指数、总平均碳链长度及中长链烷烃相对含量nC25 33成显著负相关关系,与中链烷烃相对含量nC21-24成显著正相关关系.聚类分析结果表明6个地瓜藤样品可分为2类:采自海拔低于550 m的缙云山低海拔、歌乐山低海拔和歌乐山高海拔的地瓜藤聚为一类;采自海拔高于770 m的缙云山高海拔、金佛山低海拔和金佛山高海拔的地瓜藤聚为一类.说明地瓜藤可通过调节叶表皮蜡质正烷烃的合成,适应不同海拔生长环境. 展开更多
关键词 正烷烃 生长环境 平均碳链长度 碳优势指数 地瓜藤
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锦州湾表层沉积物正构烷烃特征参数研究 被引量:13
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作者 李泽利 马启敏 +1 位作者 程海鸥 徐绍箐 《环境科学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第11期3300-3304,共5页
研究了锦州湾沉积物中正构烷烃的含量、组成特征、特征比值及其来源.采集18个站位的表层沉积物样品,经正己烷/二氯甲烷(体积比1∶1)混合液索氏提取、净化浓缩后进行GC-MS分析.结果表明,正构烷烃含量(Σn-Alk)范围1.9~4.2μg.g-1,平均值... 研究了锦州湾沉积物中正构烷烃的含量、组成特征、特征比值及其来源.采集18个站位的表层沉积物样品,经正己烷/二氯甲烷(体积比1∶1)混合液索氏提取、净化浓缩后进行GC-MS分析.结果表明,正构烷烃含量(Σn-Alk)范围1.9~4.2μg.g-1,平均值2.6μg.g-1,各个站位组成特征相似,都表现为双峰型,显示了陆源与海源双重贡献特征.ΣC25~31贡献值为20%~32%,短/长链比值L/H均值为0.67,C31/C19均值3.06,类脂物比值TAR均值为2.02,3个参数显示锦州湾沉积物外来源陆源贡献值要大于海洋源,特别是2、3和7站位受到陆源河流输入影响较大.碳优势指数CPI范围1.19~2.63,均值1.73,接近于1;姥鲛烷和植烷比值Pr/Ph为0.91~1.28;样品中普遍存在不可分离化合物UCM,U/R比值为2.2~4.3,此3个参数显示出13和15站位有石油输入特征.多种特征参数比值综合分析表明该海域受到了陆源输入和石油烃污染的威胁,这可能与锦州湾地区河流排污、港口航运有关. 展开更多
关键词 锦州湾 沉积物 正构烷烃 碳优势指数 姥鲛烷 植烷 不可分离化合物
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北京大气气溶胶中正构烷烃和支链烷烃的特征及其来源分析 被引量:7
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作者 吕瑞鹤 吴建会 +1 位作者 冯银厂 傅平青 《南开大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2018年第6期87-93,共7页
使用GC×GC-TOFMS仪器对北京2016年11月雾霾和非雾霾期采集的颗粒物中正构烷烃(C10-C36)进行了定量分析,并且对其分布特征和污染来源进行了分析.结果表明,北京市大气颗粒物中正构烷烃在雾霾天的含量明显高于非雾霾天,浓度分别为591 ... 使用GC×GC-TOFMS仪器对北京2016年11月雾霾和非雾霾期采集的颗粒物中正构烷烃(C10-C36)进行了定量分析,并且对其分布特征和污染来源进行了分析.结果表明,北京市大气颗粒物中正构烷烃在雾霾天的含量明显高于非雾霾天,浓度分别为591 ng/m3和270 ng/m3.支链烷烃与正构烷烃具有一致的分布规律,在雾霾天也具有较高的浓度,且主要分布在碳数为C19-C28范围内.根据正构烷烃(C10-C36)的碳优势指数(CPI、CPI1和CPI2)结果,可知雾霾和非雾霾期间,北京市大气气溶胶中正构烷烃主要由人为源(汽车尾气、化石燃料燃烧等)排放产生,而植物来源相对贡献较小.植物蜡分布(WAX%)的结果表明,生物源在雾霾和非雾霾天对气溶胶中正构烷烃的贡献率分别为22%和12%.雾霾期间与非雾霾期间相比,生物源对正构烷烃的贡献相对较大. 展开更多
关键词 PM2.5 正构烷烃 雾霾 碳优势指数
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Characteristics and source identification of fine particulate n-alkanes in Beijing, China 被引量:11
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作者 Fengkui Duan Kebin He Xiande Liu 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2010年第7期998-1005,共8页
Ambient particulate n-alkanes were determined for fine particle (PM2.5) samples collected from Sep 2003 to July 2004 in Beijing, China. The average concentration of total n-alkanes (∑n-alkanes) from Cll to C34 wa... Ambient particulate n-alkanes were determined for fine particle (PM2.5) samples collected from Sep 2003 to July 2004 in Beijing, China. The average concentration of total n-alkanes (∑n-alkanes) from Cll to C34 was 425.72 ng/m^3, ranged from 7.02 to 2893.28 ng/m^3. The concentration distributions of n-alkanes homologues in this study exhibited peaks at C21 and C29 in heating season, and C29 in non-heating season. The average carbon preference index (CPI) value was 1.88 in the range of 1.18-3.88. The maximum CPI in summer indicated the contribution of biogenic origins such as plant wax; while the minimum CPI value in winter was probably a result of fossil fuel combustion. Preliminary estimation from these results showed that 59% of the n-alkanes in PM2.5 in Beijing summer originated from plant wax, while 74%-88% was from fossil fuel combustion in other three seasons. Source estimation was further performed using principal component analysis method. Two major components were yielded accounting for 57.3% and 30.9% of the total variance, which presented the fossil fuel and biogenic contribution, respectively. 展开更多
关键词 N-ALKANES PM2.5 carbon preference index principal component analysis
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Latitudinal variations of CPI values of long-chain n-alkanes in surface soils:Evidence for CPI as a proxy of aridity 被引量:15
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作者 LUO Pan PENG PingAn +2 位作者 LV HouYuan ZHENG Zhuo WANG Xu 《Science China Earth Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS 2012年第7期1134-1146,共13页
Carbon preference index (CPI) of long-chain n-alkanes preserved in surface soil increases gradually from southeastern China to the north margin of Loess Plateau.Along this latitudinal transect,the CPI value correlates... Carbon preference index (CPI) of long-chain n-alkanes preserved in surface soil increases gradually from southeastern China to the north margin of Loess Plateau.Along this latitudinal transect,the CPI value correlates to relative humidity,precipitation,and temperature with a negative linear relationship,respectively,whereas the correlation of CPI to temperature is relatively weak.In the Wuyi,Shennongjia,and Tianshan Mountains,CPI values do not change systemically with altitude increasing (or temperature decreasing).However,mean value of CPI for the individual mountain increases in turn from the humid mountain to the arid.These results jointly suggest that aridity (or humidity) is a dominate climate factor in altering soil CPI value.High CPI values of geological records therefore indicate the arid paleoclimate.Though long-chain n-alkanes in soil are derived mainly from leaf wax of terrestrial vascular plants,the regular latitudinal variations of soil CPI might not be caused by the change of vegetation.We speculate that increased long-chain n-alkanes from microbes and/or enhanced biodegradation in the humid climate lead to the decrease of soil CPI. 展开更多
关键词 soil long-chain n-alkane odd-over-even predominance carbon preference index (CPI) aridity proxy
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Characterstics of seasonal variations of leaf n-alkanesand n-alkenes in modern higher plants in Qingjiang, Hubei Province, China 被引量:10
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作者 CUI JingWei HUANG JunHua XIE ShuCheng 《Chinese Science Bulletin》 SCIE EI CAS 2008年第17期2659-2664,共6页
On the basis of GC and GC-MS analyses, the seasonal variation of leaf lipids is observed in five plant species in Qingjiang in Hubei Province. The CPI values (carbon preference index) of n-alkanes decrease gradually f... On the basis of GC and GC-MS analyses, the seasonal variation of leaf lipids is observed in five plant species in Qingjiang in Hubei Province. The CPI values (carbon preference index) of n-alkanes decrease gradually from May to November, though the carbon number distributions and the predominant carbon number in an individual species keep unchanged. The declined CPI values might be caused by the leaf fading, which is further supported by a comparison of the defoliated leaves with the fresh leaves. This observation infers the CPI values of n-alkanes in Quaternary sediments can be used as a tool to index the humification, and thus the climatic and the environmental conditions. The plants analyzed here show a remarkable difference in n-alkanes abundance, suggesting their differential contribution to the n-alkanes identified in sediments. The abundance and the compound species of the n-alkenes detected in the plant leaves change greatly with the seasons due to the influence of temperature, with the least compounds being identified in August. 展开更多
关键词 环境变化 n-烷烃 n-烯烃 平均碳链长度 高等植物
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Variability in pattern and hydrogen isotope composition(δ^(2)H)of long-chain n-alkanes of surface soils and its relations to climate and vegetation characteristics:A meta-analysis
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作者 Guo CHEN Xiaozhen LI +4 位作者 Xiaolu TANG Wenyi QIN Haitao LIU Michael ZECH Karl AUERSWALD 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第3期369-380,共12页
The average chain length(ACL),carbon preference index(CPI),and hydrogen isotope composition(δ^(2)H)of long-chain n-alkanes in sediments have been used to retrieve information about the paleoclimate.Despite their impo... The average chain length(ACL),carbon preference index(CPI),and hydrogen isotope composition(δ^(2)H)of long-chain n-alkanes in sediments have been used to retrieve information about the paleoclimate.Despite their importance as in-between media from leaves to sediments,n-alkanes of surface soils have not been systematically analyzed at large scale.Such an investigation of the spatial variation of n-alkane properties in soil and their dependence on climatic and botanic(e.g.,vegetation type)factors could provide a rationale for a better estimation of the past environment.We synthesized the patterns andδ^(2)H of long-chain n-alkanes in soil(δ^(2)H_(n-alkanes))with regard to vegetation types(cropland,grassland,shrubland,and woodland)and environmental factors using data from peer-reviewed papers.Our results showed that the ACL and CPI of soil C_(27)–C_(33) n-alkanes were not suitable indicators for differentiating vegetation types at large scale;instead,ACL significantly correlated with water conditions such as mean annual precipitation(MAP)and Palmer drought severity index(PDSI),and CPI significantly correlated with temperature without significant influence of vegetation type.The variation(i.e.,standard deviation)of fractionation between theδ^(2)H values in annual precipitation and in soil n-alkanes(ε_(rain-soil))was smaller than that reported in leaves;therefore,soils were better suited to quantifying the general growing conditions of plants at a certain site.The fractionationε_(rain-soil)correlated with climatic conditions as described by the PDSI and relative humidity(RH).This correlation agreed with the change in leaf water enrichment with changing RH taken from the literature and was independent of the vegetation type at large scale.This meta-analysis may provide useful information for the variations of the patterns andδ^(2)H_(n-alkanes) values in surface soils. 展开更多
关键词 average chain length(ACL) ALTITUDE carbon preference index(CPI) leaf water moisture precipitation TOPSOIL vegetation type
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