Anodic voltammetric determination of gemifloxacin using screen-printed carbon electrode

The electrochemical oxidation behavior and voltammetric assay of gemifloxacin were investigated using differential-pulse and cyclic voltammetry on a screen-printed carbon electrode.The effects of pH,scan rates,and concentration of the drug on the anodic peak current were studied.Voltammograms of gemifloxacin in Tris-HCl buffer（pH 7.0） exhibited a well-defined single oxidation peak.A differential-pulse voltammetric procedure for the quantitation of gemifloxacin has been developed and suitably validated with respect to linearity,limits of detection and quantification,accuracy,precision,specificity,and robustness.The calibration was linear from 0.5 to 10.0 μM,and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.15 and 5.0 μM.Recoveries ranging from 96.26% to 103.64% were obtained.The method was successfully applied to the determination of gemifloxacin in pharmaceutical tablets without any pre-treatment.Excipients present in the tablets did not interfere in the assay.

Enzyme Biosensor for Detection of Organophosphate Pesticide Residues Base on <i>Screen Printed Carbon Electrode</i>(SPCE)-Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)

The maximum level of organophosphate pesticide residues in rice is 0.1 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg in vegetables. The control of pesticide residues in agricultural products required a method of analysis quickly and accurately. The research developed a biosensor for the detection of organophosphate pesticide residues in agricultural products. The research studied immobilized organophosphate hydrolase (OPH) mass and characterization of biosensor. The solution conductivity measurement in the conductivity cell consists of a 1 × 5 mm2 pair of electrodes screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The instrument is a converted local conductometer. From the results of study concluded that the optimum performance of the biosensor was obtained from the 105 μg OPH, at pH 8.5 with a response time of 45 seconds. In that condition the sensitivity of biosensor is 28.04 μS/ppm and 0.18 ppm detection limit and the maximum concentration of pesticide which can be measured is 1 ppm. Biosensors have been applied to measure pesticide residues in some vegetable samples.

An Approach towards Eco-labeling of Compressed Air Filters Based on Carbon Footprint

Compressed air--a major industrial energy carrier, its filters are used to reach the required cleanliness level of compressed air. These filters, however, introduce a pressure drop which results in a loss of energy. It is shown that over the life cycle of a compressed air filter, the pressure drop dominates the total energy consumption and subsequently, the carbon footprint. From an economic as well as ecologic point of view, a reduction of the pressure drop is hence of utmost importance. Based on this finding and structuring, the wide range of applications and operational parameters, a pragmatic and technically feasible eco-labeling system for compressed air filters was developed as a decision supporting tool. Using this tool, procurement managers as well as the process engineers and environmental officers are able to steer the selection of suitable compressed air filters. The approach has been proposed to and discussed with various representatives of the compressed air filter industry nevertheless there is probably a long way to go to establish such a labeling procedure in industry.

Direct Patterning of Carbon Nanotube via Stamp Contact Printing Process for Stretchable and Sensitive Sensing Devices

Flexible and wearable sensing devices have broad application prospects in bio-monitoring such as pulse measurement,motion detection and voice recognition.In recent years,many significant improvements had been made to enhance the sensor’s performance including sensitivity,flexibility and repeatability.However,it is still extremely complicated and difficult to prepare a patterned sensor directly on a flexible substrate.Herein,inspired by typography,a lowcost,environmentally friendly stamping method for the mass production of transparent conductive carbon nanotube(CNT)film is proposed.In this dry transfer strategy,a porous CNT block was used as both the seal and the ink;and Ecoflex film was served as an object substrate.Welldesigned CNT patterns can be easily fabricated on the polymer substrate by engraving the target pattern on the CNT seal before the stamping process.Moreover,the CNT film can be directly used to fabricate ultrathin(300μm)strain sensor.This strain sensor possesses high sensitivity with a gauge factor(GF)up to 9960 at 85%strain,high stretchability(>200%)and repeatability(>5000 cycles).It has been used to measure pulse signals and detect joint motion,suggesting promising application prospects in flexible and wearable electronic devices.

Mathematical Model to Estimate Carbon Footprint for EEG Incubation

This work presents a performance comparison between several incubators models including CO2 and NH4 emission.A mathematical model for incubators carbon foot print was developed to estimate CO2 and NH4 emission.The program written by C++language including convert line.The modular structure of program consists of a main programme and series of independent subroutine:each one deals with a specific parameter of the required data.The computer programme has a wide range of applicability several values of size of the machine(NO.egg),Fertility(F),Heat production embryo(HPe),maximum CO2 level(CO2)m,CO2 level incoming air(CO2)I,RQ value(RQ)to estimate Heat production(HP),CO2 production,Ventilation(V),Ventilation of egg(Vegg)Input data:Enter size of the machine,Fertility(F),Heat production embryo(HPe),maximum CO2 level(CO2)m,CO2 level incoming air(CO2)I,RQ value(RQ)the results As the growth period passed from the first day of the twenty-first day,the amount of heat produced increased from 0.0001 to 0.35 w/egg,and ventilation from 0 to 352 m^3/hr as well as the amount of carbon dioxide produced from 0.0000158 to 0.04318 lit/hr/Mach.As the number of eggs increased from 5,000 to 30,000 eggs,each of the heat produced increased from 923.4 to 5540.4 kg/hr,the resulting carbon dioxide from 32 to 190 lit/hr/Mach,and ventilation from 9 to 54 m^3/hr.

Carbon-Based Flexible and All-Solid-State Micro-supercapacitors Fabricated by Inkjet Printing with Enhanced Performance

By means of inkjet printing technique, flexible and all-solid-state micro-supercapacitors(MSCs) were fabricated with carbon-based hybrid ink composed of graphene oxide(GO,98.0vol.%) ink and commercial pen ink(2.0vol.%). A small amount of commercial pen ink was added to effectively reduce the agglomeration of theGO sheets during solvent evaporation and the following reduction processes in which the presence of graphite carbon nanoparticles served as nano-spacer to separate GO sheets. The printed device fabricated using the hybrid ink,combined with the binder-free microelectrodes and interdigital microelectrode configuration, exhibits nearly 780%enhancement in areal capacitance compared with that of pure GO ink. It also shows excellent flexibility and cycling stability with nearly 100% retention of the areal capacitance after 10,000 cycles. The all-solid-state device can be optionally connected in series or in parallel to meet the voltage and capacity requirements for a given application.This work demonstrates a promising future of the carbonbased hybrid ink for directly large-scale inkjet printing MSCs for disposable energy storage devices.

Recipe Development and Mechanical Characterization of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Recycled Polypropylene 3D Printing Filament

Recycled polypropylene filaments for fused filament fabrication were investigated with and without 14 wt% short fibre carbon reinforcements. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the filaments and 3D printed specimens were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and standard tensile testing. It was observed that recycled polypropylene filaments with 14 wt% short carbon fibre reinforcement contained pores that were dispersed throughout the microstructure of the filament. A two-stage filament extrusion process was observed to improve the spatial distribution of carbon fibre reinforcement but did not reduce the pores. Recycled polypropylene filaments without reinforcement extruded at high screw speeds above 20 rpm contained a centreline cavity but no spatially distributed pores. However, this cavity is eliminated when extrusion is carried out at screw speeds below 20 rpm. For 3D printed specimens, interlayer cavities were observed larger for specimens printed from 14 wt% carbon fibre reinforced recycled polypropylene than those printed from unreinforced filaments. The values of tensile strength for the filaments were 21.82 MPa and 24.22 MPa, which reduced to 19.72 MPa and 22.70 MPa, respectively, for 3D printed samples using the filaments. Likewise, the young’s modulus of the filaments was 1208.6 MPa and 1412.7 MPa, which reduced to 961.5 MPa and 1352.3 MPa, respectively, for the 3D printed samples. The percentage elongation at failure for the recycled polypropylene filament was 9.83% but reduced to 3.84% for the samples printed with 14 wt% carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene filaments whose elongation to failure was 6.58%. The SEM observations on the fractured tensile test samples showed interlayer gaps between the printed and the adjacent raster layers. These gaps accounted for the reduction in the mechanical properties of the printed parts.

Banana Peel Carbon that Containing Functional Groups Applied to the Selective Adsorption of Au(III) from Waste Printed Circuit Boards

This paper reports a kind of banana peel carbon (BPC) containing -OH, -NH2 functional groups which prepared through controlling carbonization temperature and its application on the selective adsorption of gold from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs). The adsorption of BPC for Au(III) reached equilibrium in 30 min and the adsorption of Au(III) was favorable at pH 2.5. Meanwhile, the adsorption isotherm showed the maximum adsorption capacity of 801.7 mg/g for Au(III). The results displayed that BPC had a strong selectivity for Au(III) and a negligible affinity to base metal ions, such as Cu(II), Ni(II), Fe(III) and Pb(II). The BPC adsorbent, which absorbed gold, can be recovered completely by HCl-thiourea solution.

基于碳纳米管涂装的超疏水表面及性能研究

为了实现绿色环保的方式制备超疏水表面,采用碳纳米管(CNT)涂装与SLM-3D打印结合的方式制备金属基底的超疏水表面。利用扫描电子显微镜和表面成分能谱分析进行表征,发现碳纳米管成功涂装至3D打印的类水稻沟槽结构上,并呈现出团簇结构。碳纳米管团簇与试样表面的沟槽结构形成了两级结构特征,无需氟硅烷等含氟物质修饰便获得超疏水特性,其接触角为153.1°,滚动角为8.2°。对碳纳米管涂装和氟硅烷修饰这两种方式制备的试样表面进行耐腐蚀性能、黏附性能、机械性能等测试。结果表明:碳纳米管涂装的超疏水表面不仅具有优异的耐腐蚀性能,而且表面黏附力极小,仅为23.2μN。碳纳米管涂装的试样表面经过线性磨损280 cm后,接触角依然在150°以上。采用3D打印结合碳纳米管涂装的超疏水表面抗破坏力强,疏水功能稳定。

橄榄果渣活性炭的制备及其对印染废水的降解

橄榄油生产工业产生了大量的固体废弃物——橄榄果渣(OP),该研究利用OP作为再生前驱体,采用氢氧化钾作为活化剂处理OP,将其制成一种成本低且环保的生物吸附剂(OP-AC),用于去除水溶液中的亚甲基蓝(MB)。通过单因素和响应面考察了改变制备过程中的固液比、活化时间、活化温度对MB吸附量和去除率的影响,通过红外光谱、扫描电镜、X射线、孔径分析仪和X射线衍射对所制备的OP-AC进行了表征。结果表明,当固液比为4∶5.8、活化时间为21 min、活化温度为527℃时,染料MB去除率最大为92.6%。通过对制备的OP-AC进行表征,其比表面积为278.8324 m^(2)/g,平均孔径为3.4180 nm,总孔容为0.131684 cm^(3)/g,微孔占比为79.42%。OP-AC表面含有丰富的官能团,以含氧官能团为主,包括羟基、羧基和羰基等。结果表明制备的吸附剂孔隙结构发达,表面吸附位点充裕,是一种高效、环保、低成本的生物材料,可用于去除水体中的MB。

基于裂缝闭合理论和3D打印的导流能力预测方法

酸蚀裂缝导流能力对于酸压方案的优化和产能评估具有十分重要的意义,但是在酸蚀导流能力测试过程中存在高闭合压力下岩心柱破裂情况,影响实验数据的准确性。基于以上问题,综合采用3D扫描和3D打印技术以及受压情况下裂缝闭合理论对酸蚀裂缝导流能力进行研究。首先对岩样进行酸蚀实验,通过逆向建模技术获取到酸蚀后岩心三维模型,采用SLA3D打印技术制备含粗糙壁面的三维岩心模型,对酸蚀岩心和3D打印岩心开展不同围压下渗流实验。运用离散化数据处理方法,结合赫兹接触模型和N-K模型编写导流能力预测界面,使用数值模拟方法反映闭合应力下裂缝形变情况。研究结果表明,结合真实岩体三维数字模型及SLA3D打印技术制备真实岩样,为制作复杂裂缝岩心模型提供了有效途径;酸蚀岩心和3D打印岩心导流能力实验结果、3D打印岩心实验结果和数值模拟结果误差均小于7.7%,数值模拟与碳酸盐岩心实验值的误差小于9.6%;以低闭合压力下实验和模拟结果为基础可以预测高闭合压力下裂缝导流能力,提出的研究方法为定量化表征酸蚀裂缝导流能力提供了可靠途径。

地方高校助力纺织印染工业园区低碳发展研究

基于对盐城市纺织印染工业园区和地方高校盐城工学院调研所掌握的情况,研究园区内企业碳排放偏高的主要原因,讨论实施减排的主要策略。研究高校科技与人才力量促进企业低碳发展的着力点以及对企业碳减排的具体影响,丰富纺织印染产业进行低碳创新发展的理论层面。

3D打印混凝土抗碳化性能各向异性及成因分析

受挤出式工艺的影响,3D打印混凝土中存在较多的界面,影响着打印混凝土的耐久性能。为了探明3D打印成型混凝土抗碳化性能的各向异性变化规律,通过碳化试验研究了三种水胶比3D打印混凝土沿X、Y、Z三个方向的碳化行为。基于压汞试验和X-CT扫描获取了3D打印混凝土的孔隙特征和分布规律,从微观层面阐释3D打印混凝土抗碳化性能的变化机理。结果表明:孔隙与3D打印混凝土的碳化行为有着密切联系,层条间界面因条带堆叠产生了更多孔隙,因而CO_(2)在界面位置扩散速度更快,碳化深度更大;受界面的影响,打印混凝土的抗碳化性能具有明显的各向异性;基体部位材料的抗碳化性能优于层间界面,层间界面的抗碳化性能优于条间界面;水灰比越低,材料抗碳化性能越好;当CO_(2)在混凝土中扩散时,受层条间大孔隙的影响,打印成型混凝土中形成了未碳化岛。

玻璃与碳纤维混杂增强复合材料3D打印与实验

本研究基于热塑性材料熔融沉积成型工艺,研制了双喷头连续玻璃纤维与碳纤维混杂增强热塑性复合材料结构增材制造平台,制备了不同混杂比的纤维增强热塑性复合材料结构试件,分析了不同结构试件的弯曲力学性能与失效模式,探索了嵌入碳纤维智能层的混杂纤维增强热塑性复合材料的力阻行为。结果表明:比较纯热塑性材料结构件,玻璃纤维增强复合材料结构件弯曲强度提高了115.99%,碳纤维增强复合材料结构件弯曲强度提高了198.76%;玻璃纤维与碳纤维混杂增强复合材料结构件具有负弯曲强度混杂效应和正弯曲模量混杂效应。可根据碳纤维电阻相对变化率对混杂增强复合材料结构的应变与断裂破坏状态进行实时自感知。研究结果为连续玻璃纤维与碳纤维混杂增强热塑性复合材料结构件的高质高效制造与智能化提供了新工艺与新思路。

基于丝网印刷电极和重氮官能化的赭曲霉素A电化学免疫传感检测方法的建立与应用

该文将赭曲霉素A(ochratoxin A,OTA)抗体和重氮盐接枝在电极表面,构建一种用于OTA快速检测的电化学免疫传感器。通过电沉积的方法将重氮盐修饰于丝网印刷碳电极(screen-printed carbon electrodes,SPCE),接枝的重氮膜作为底层,使羧基官能团暴露在电极表面。然后使用碳二亚胺对羧基进行活化,用交联的方式使抗体和羧基进行酰胺键合从而实现抗体的固定化。利用循环伏安(cyclic voltammetry,CV)法和电化学阻抗谱(electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,EIS)表征电化学免疫传感器的特性。结果表明,在最佳工作条件下,所开发的电化学免疫传感器的线性检测范围为20~200 ng/mL(R2=0.9970),检测限为0.5 ng/mL,在检测加标样品中OTA方面表现出优异的电化学性能,适用于食品中OTA的检测。此外,在干扰物存在的情况下,该传感器对OTA具有高度选择性,且贮存14 d稳定性仍较好。该电化学免疫传感器易于构建、灵敏、快速且稳定,对实际样品中OTA的检测限低,分析时间短和成本低。

碳化养护制备钢渣粉3D打印材料及其性能研究

本工作提出了一种碳化养护钢渣粉3D打印材料的制备方法。以钢渣粉为主要胶凝材料,利用少量普通硅酸盐水泥的高水化活性保证材料打印成型后的初始强度,增强打印材料的可建造性,材料体系中硅灰颗粒的“滚珠效应”改善了打印材料的可挤出性,使用聚乙烯醇(PVA)、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)作为流变调节组分进一步调控打印材料的流变性能,满足材料打印性能需求。研究了拌合水固比与流变调节组分掺量对钢渣粉3D打印材料流变性能、打印性能与力学强度的影响规律,探究了碳化养护过程中钢渣粉3D打印材料成分变化与微观结构演变。结果表明,当浆料拌合水固比为0.16,PVA与CMC掺量分别为0.2%(质量分数,下同)、0.1%时,钢渣粉3D打印材料具有最佳的打印性能与力学强度,打印样品经12 h碳化养护后抗压强度为64 MPa,碳化养护过程中,大量镁方解石碳化反应产物填充基体孔隙,迅速提高打印材料基体的致密程度,是打印材料力学性能快速发展的主要机理。

哈利波特中国行主题创新科普实验——武汉站:化学魔法与现实世界的交融

本科普实验以青少年喜爱的魔幻文学人物哈利波特中国行为主题,以他的武汉之旅展开行程,用实验呈现博物馆的青铜器修复技术,“知音号”游轮的牺牲阳极法防腐技术,武汉长江大桥的水泥固化和桥头堡及桥墩的3D打印技术,黄鹤楼绘制的碳量子点制备技术;在潜移默化中传播化学知识。

废白土炭对印染废水中甲基橙的吸附研究

本研究以油脂精炼行业副产物废白土(SBE)为原料,通过缺氧高温热解法制备废白土炭(SBE@C),用以吸附去除印染废水中的染料甲基橙。研究结果显示,1、2、3 g/L的SBE@C对甲基橙的吸附容量在180 min时分别为12.53、7.14、5.12 mg/g,其吸附动力学更符合伪二级动力学模型,吸附等温线更符合Freundlich模型。进一步研究SBE@C对于复合染料(甲基橙-曙红Y-茜素红)的吸附性能,考察了溶液离子强度及共存阴离子对SBE@C吸附能力的影响,结果表明,共存Cl-对SBE@C吸附能力的抑制作用随离子强度的增加而增加,CO_(3)^(2-)、Cl^(-)、PO_(4)^(3-)和SO_(4)^(2-)4种共存离子对SBE@C吸附染料均存在抑制作用。

基于主应力轨迹线的连续碳纤维复合材料3D打印路径规划方法

连续碳纤维复合材料3D打印成型零件的力学性能对纤维的铺设方向有需求,传统的路径规划方法基于零件的形状轮廓进行填充,不能满足零件的实际使用性能。针对这一问题,提出基于主应力轨迹线的连续碳纤维复合材料3D打印路径规划方法。基于连续碳纤维复合材料三维模型的有限元分析数据,通过材料力学计算得到相应的主应力轨迹线;通过连续碳纤维复合材料3D打印的打印参数对得到的主应力轨迹线进行调控,保证每一条轨迹线之间的间距契合3D打印要求;通过坐标变换调整有限元分析坐标系以及打印机坐标系;通过以上调控生成用于连续碳纤维复合材料3D打印的G code规划文件。通过路径规划仿真对比和打印拉伸实验,基于主应力轨迹线生成的连续碳纤维复合材料3D打印路径比传统直线碳纤维复合材料3D打印路径性能提高了4.5%,验证了基于主应力轨迹线的连续碳纤维复合材料3D打印路径规划方法的有效性。

基于连续碳纤维3D打印的结构拓扑优化及工艺研究

本文利用3D打印技术制备了“椭圆形跑道”样件来研究不同纤维角度和纤维层分布对样件机械性能的影响,并通过实验考察各种力学测试中样件的断裂模式。然后基于变密度的拓扑优化理论对三点弯曲梁、C形夹和弹架悬臂进行结构拓扑优化,并通过力学性能实验进行验证。结果表明,在所有的测试中都观察到样件具有各向异性的机械性能,其中纤维方向具有最高的强度和刚度,而跨层方向具有较低的强度和刚度。通过有限元分析和压缩试验表明,经过拓扑优化的连续碳纤维3D打印弹架悬臂结构能够经受住极端运行条件的考验。